opencyc-devel — OpenCyc application developers

Re[2]: [OpenCyc-devel] OpenCyc inference tree debugger or retriever?

[Alexander A. A. <ab...@ma...>]

Saturday, August 23, 2003, 3:40:44 PM, you wrote:
>> Is there something clear or latent method, procedure, SUBL
>> command(s) or something else for debugging or viewing _full_ inference tree
>> generated by OpenCyc inference engine?
JNP> Do you already know about PowerLoom / WhyNot?

Yes. I know about PowerLoom / WhyNot.
I have download PowerLoom at http://www.isi.edu/isd/LOOM/PowerLoom/
(~3Mb jar file)
and have read documentation at http://www.isi.edu/isd/LOOM/PowerLoom/documentation/documentation.html
But I have find only undocumented command "WHYNOT:" in PowerLoom
command interpreter and nothing about connecting to OpenCyc and so on.

Is pointed distributive what all identify as WhyNot system? Or not?
Thanks for any help!

-- 
Best regards,
 Alexander                            mailto:ab...@ma...

[OpenCyc-devel] OpenCyc inference tree debugger or retriever?

[Alexander A. A. <ab...@ma...>]

Hello All.

Is there something clear or latent method, procedure, SUBL
command(s) or something else for debugging or viewing _full_ inference tree
generated by OpenCyc inference engine?

What do I mean?

Imagine that somebody starts some query to Cyc like
(CYC-QUERY '(#$isa #$Animal ?SMTH) #$EverythingPSC)
And receive some number of bundles like ((?SMTH . #$Collection)).
So, OpenCyc internally construct some inference tree for this prove.
This inference tree consists of proving nodes (goals, dead-ens,
intermediates), used rules, gafs etc - all are used during proving process.
And this inference tree, as we know, contained in some data structure inside OpenCyc
along with some bookkeeping information.

Standard "Ask/Query Tool" which you can find in OpenCyc web interface lists
only short bit of such information: only goals (not dead-ends) and rules
and gafs that lead for each goal.

But I prefer more. It's desirable to receive full or almost full information about
inference tree (all success and unsuccess proving attempts, reasons of
conclude something on every prove step and so on).
So, I want some feature which can, for example, logs all information
during inference process into the some log file (e.g. cyc-log.txt). By other
words, full (or almost full) debugging information about OpenCyc inference.

Unfortunately such feature is not stated clearly in web-interface, SubL
API or any OpenCyc documentation that I have read.
Of course, somebody can cracks (brute force) OpenCyc, learns with
proceedings which are taking place in computer memory during and after inference
process and after tons of hacker work lists a full inference tree, may be.
But I think it isn't a good idea.

I think in "Big" Cyc such feature exactly is from the beginnings of Cyc
project. Because which other way can cyclists analyze wrong queries
and assertions? Right! Only print all inference trace (presented in
machine-generated view) in text file or something like this! May be
such feature doesn't accessible in OpenCyc version of Cyc?

Of course, it so hard and laborious to analyze manually full inference tree
instead of reading "Ask/Query Tool" output. But I need this for
my own research project connected with automatically analyze absent
information in OpenCyc KB and putting it into OpenCyc also
automatically.

If I will decide pointed automation problem I will present results of
my research for all interested peoples.

Thanks for any comments!

Best regards,
 Alexander

Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Computer Sciences.

RE: [OpenCyc-devel] RE: OpenCyc-devel digest, Vol 1 #55 - 2 msgs

[Deepthi C. <dip...@ho...>]

Thank you.

Deepthi Chidambaram
(602) 343 8735
deepthic-at-tgen-dot-org

-----Original Message-----
From: ope...@li...
[mailto:ope...@li...] On Behalf Of Peevski,
Ivan - PEEIY001
Sent: Thursday, August 21, 2003 10:48 PM
To: 'ope...@li...'
Subject: [OpenCyc-devel] RE: OpenCyc-devel digest, Vol 1 #55 - 2 msgs

I'm pretty new to OpenCyc too, but as far as I know, NLP is not part of =
the
API
as yet. It will (hopefully) be part of the first official release. It is =
a
feature of the commercial version - Cyc, but is not ported yet. If you =
want
to
do stuff with OpenCyc now, you will relly mainly on the WordNetMt =
mappings,
which map concepts to WordNet entries.

That's about the most help I can give you.

ivan

-----Original Message-----
From: ope...@li...
[mailto:ope...@li...]=20
Sent: Friday, 22 August 2003 1:07 PM
To: ope...@li...
Subject: OpenCyc-devel digest, Vol 1 #55 - 2 msgs

Send OpenCyc-devel mailing list submissions to
	ope...@li...

To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
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When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
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Today's Topics:

   1. a beginner (Deepthi Chidambaram)
   2. Re: a beginner (Pingkui HOU)

--__--__--

Message: 1
From: "Deepthi Chidambaram" <dip...@ho...>
To: <ope...@li...>
Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2003 16:47:20 -0700
Subject: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner
Reply-To: ope...@li...

Hi all,

I have just started on Opencyc and would like to use the Natural =
Language
processing system of OpenCyc.

Could any of you guide me in the right path? Where do I get a =
Introduction
to usage of the component? Does the component have a java API that I can
use?=20

It would be great if someone could throw light on these issues.

Thanks,
Deepthi


--__--__--

Message: 2
From: "Pingkui HOU" <ko...@az...>
To: <ope...@li...>
Subject: Re: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner
Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2003 09:34:41 +0900
Reply-To: ope...@li...

Hi,
I am also a beginner and want to do the similar thing with the OpenCyc.
But, I am still outside. It would really be great if someone can direct =
me a
way.

cheers!

Pingkui HOU

----- Original Message -----=20
From: "Deepthi Chidambaram" <dip...@ho...>
To: <ope...@li...>
Sent: Friday, August 22, 2003 8:47 AM
Subject: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner


> Hi all,
>
> I have just started on Opencyc and would like to use the Natural =
Language
> processing system of OpenCyc.
>
> Could any of you guide me in the right path? Where do I get a =
Introduction
> to usage of the component? Does the component have a java API that I =
can
> use?
>
> It would be great if someone could throw light on these issues.
>
> Thanks,
> Deepthi
>
>
> -------------------------------------------------------
> This SF.net email is sponsored by: VM Ware
> With VMware you can run multiple operating systems on a single =
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> at the same time. Free trial click
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> _______________________________________________
> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
> Ope...@li...
> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel




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[OpenCyc-devel] RE: OpenCyc-devel digest, Vol 1 #55 - 2 msgs

[Peevski, I. - P. <PEE...@st...>]

I'm pretty new to OpenCyc too, but as far as I know, NLP is not part of the API
as yet. It will (hopefully) be part of the first official release. It is a
feature of the commercial version - Cyc, but is not ported yet. If you want to
do stuff with OpenCyc now, you will relly mainly on the WordNetMt mappings,
which map concepts to WordNet entries.

That's about the most help I can give you.

ivan

-----Original Message-----
From: ope...@li...
[mailto:ope...@li...] 
Sent: Friday, 22 August 2003 1:07 PM
To: ope...@li...
Subject: OpenCyc-devel digest, Vol 1 #55 - 2 msgs

Send OpenCyc-devel mailing list submissions to
	ope...@li...

To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
	https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
	ope...@li...

You can reach the person managing the list at
	ope...@li...

When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
than "Re: Contents of OpenCyc-devel digest..."


Today's Topics:

   1. a beginner (Deepthi Chidambaram)
   2. Re: a beginner (Pingkui HOU)

--__--__--

Message: 1
From: "Deepthi Chidambaram" <dip...@ho...>
To: <ope...@li...>
Date: Thu, 21 Aug 2003 16:47:20 -0700
Subject: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner
Reply-To: ope...@li...

Hi all,

I have just started on Opencyc and would like to use the Natural Language
processing system of OpenCyc.

Could any of you guide me in the right path? Where do I get a Introduction
to usage of the component? Does the component have a java API that I can
use? 

It would be great if someone could throw light on these issues.

Thanks,
Deepthi


--__--__--

Message: 2
From: "Pingkui HOU" <ko...@az...>
To: <ope...@li...>
Subject: Re: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner
Date: Fri, 22 Aug 2003 09:34:41 +0900
Reply-To: ope...@li...

Hi,
I am also a beginner and want to do the similar thing with the OpenCyc.
But, I am still outside. It would really be great if someone can direct me a
way.

cheers!

Pingkui HOU

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Deepthi Chidambaram" <dip...@ho...>
To: <ope...@li...>
Sent: Friday, August 22, 2003 8:47 AM
Subject: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner


> Hi all,
>
> I have just started on Opencyc and would like to use the Natural Language
> processing system of OpenCyc.
>
> Could any of you guide me in the right path? Where do I get a Introduction
> to usage of the component? Does the component have a java API that I can
> use?
>
> It would be great if someone could throw light on these issues.
>
> Thanks,
> Deepthi
>
>
> -------------------------------------------------------
> This SF.net email is sponsored by: VM Ware
> With VMware you can run multiple operating systems on a single machine.
> WITHOUT REBOOTING! Mix Linux / Windows / Novell virtual machines
> at the same time. Free trial click
here:http://www.vmware.com/wl/offer/358/0
> _______________________________________________
> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
> Ope...@li...
> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel




--__--__--

_______________________________________________
OpenCyc-devel mailing list
Ope...@li...
https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel


End of OpenCyc-devel Digest

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner

[Pingkui H. <ko...@az...>]

Hi,
I am also a beginner and want to do the similar thing with the OpenCyc.
But, I am still outside. It would really be great if someone can direct me a
way.

cheers!

Pingkui HOU

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Deepthi Chidambaram" <dip...@ho...>
To: <ope...@li...>
Sent: Friday, August 22, 2003 8:47 AM
Subject: [OpenCyc-devel] a beginner


> Hi all,
>
> I have just started on Opencyc and would like to use the Natural Language
> processing system of OpenCyc.
>
> Could any of you guide me in the right path? Where do I get a Introduction
> to usage of the component? Does the component have a java API that I can
> use?
>
> It would be great if someone could throw light on these issues.
>
> Thanks,
> Deepthi
>
>
> -------------------------------------------------------
> This SF.net email is sponsored by: VM Ware
> With VMware you can run multiple operating systems on a single machine.
> WITHOUT REBOOTING! Mix Linux / Windows / Novell virtual machines
> at the same time. Free trial click
here:http://www.vmware.com/wl/offer/358/0
> _______________________________________________
> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
> Ope...@li...
> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel

[OpenCyc-devel] a beginner

[Deepthi C. <dip...@ho...>]

Hi all,

I have just started on Opencyc and would like to use the Natural Language
processing system of OpenCyc.

Could any of you guide me in the right path? Where do I get a Introduction
to usage of the component? Does the component have a java API that I can
use? 

It would be great if someone could throw light on these issues.

Thanks,
Deepthi

[OpenCyc-devel] Re: adding emotions to Cyc [OpenCyc-devel]

[Joshua N P. <vi...@po...>]

On Tue, Jul 15, 2003 at 01:06:08PM +0930, Peevski, Ivan - PEEIY001 wrote:
> You said you may be analyzing it frame by frame, are you going to rely on an
> underlaying script or are you prepared to use some sort of information
> extraction from the image and voice data itself?
> How are you going to recognise different characters, etc?

To review, the process looks like this:

  Film --> Cyc Model --> Emotion Predictor --> Emotion Names

My interest centers around the Emotion Predictor.  I don't really
care _too_ much about massaging the film into a Cyc representation.
In particular, I don't want to get side-tracked into extracting
features from an image automagically.  That's someone else's thesis.

So far, I have transcripts of my target films which I got from
the web and corrected to more closely match the film.  I have
manually added lots of timestamps to the transcript so that it
is reasonably synchronized with the film.

Hopefully I won't have to go into too much more detail.  Here are
the additional information sources which I plan to include:

* Go through the research in facial expression recognition as
a guideline for what I can reasonably objectively infer from
facial expressions.  I am not going to automatically recognize
anything, but if I see a face then I want to know whether I
can objectively say that "this person's face looks angry."

* Same for body language.

I will add this to the film transcript and collect all the
facts together in Cyc.  Then I will try to show that Cyc can
answer some questions about the film.

I will not try to model _everything_.  Rather, I will only model
the facts which are need to answer the key questions -- the
inputs to the Emotion Predictor.  The advantage of using Cyc is
that it will force me to be rigorous and justify every little
detail.

-- 
Victory to the Divine Mother!!         after all,
  http://sahajayoga.org                  http://why-compete.org

[OpenCyc-devel] Re: adding emotions to Cyc (Joshua N Pritikin)

[Peevski, I. - P. <PEE...@st...>]

I don't have much to offer you as an answer to your questions. However I was
wandering how you are going to implement your project, it sounds like a major
undertaking. 

You said you may be analyzing it frame by frame, are you going to rely on an
underlaying script or are you prepared to use some sort of information
extraction from the image and voice data itself? How are you going to recognise
different characters, etc?

ivan

[OpenCyc-devel] Re: adding emotions to Cyc

[Joshua N P. <vi...@po...>]

On Sun, Jul 06, 2003 at 12:48:19PM +0530, Joshua N Pritikin wrote:
> I am looking for a co-author or advisor to help me publish a research
> article.  I am writing an article about adding emotions to Cyc.

OK, here is some additional detail & questions.  [Cross posted to
the Open Discussion forum]

I spent the last few days studying the Cyc documentation.  My first
reaction is that Cyc is bigger and more mature than I expected.  I
guess I haven't been following developments very closely.

Anyway, I am hoping to get some advice about how to build a Cyc KB for
my project.  My project centers around an emotion predicter.  The
predictor is designed to predict emotions for a film.  Here is a brief
schematic:

  Film --> Cyc --> Emotion Predictor --> Emotion Categories

A human will verify that the predicted emotions match the actual
emotions in the film.  I am personally convinced that the predictor
works, but I need to absolutely prove that it is _objective_.

I have written descriptions of the inputs to the predictor.  The
inputs consist of about 7 logical questions.  I need to build a Cyc
model of part of a film which is detailed enough that Cyc can answer
the requisite 7 questions.  I have years & years of experience doing
computer programming, but Cyc has it's own unique style.

Can someone offer something like a project plan of how to proceed?
Here are some concepts which I'll probably need to model:

+ Cyc's built-in support for events looks very similar to what I need.

+ Each personality in the film will have his or her own opinion about
what is going on.  I probably need a microtheory (MT) for each person.
Plus, people sometimes lie so each person needs a MT to represent what
they expect other people know.

+ Everything depends on time.  I need to understand how to input
information & run queries which are time specific.  I also need to
know when the answers to a query change.  Should I run one query per
frame of film or is there a more efficient way?

+ Is there one sensible way to build the model?  Or do I have a choice
between a few different representations?

+ I can see that there is a tremendous amount of common sense already
built-in to Cyc.  If I can find the suitable bits to reuse then I'm
sure I can save time & effort.  What should I be sure to look at?

Is there any existing Cyc knowledge available that is similar to what
I am building?  It would help me a lot to see a bunch of CycL code
that does something similar (representing a story using events).  The
tutorials on the opencyc web site all seem too simplistic.  If I
decide to start writing CycL code now, I just feel lost and
overwhelmed.

Thank you for your consideration.

-- 
Victory to the Divine Mother!!         after all,
  http://sahajayoga.org                  http://why-compete.org

[OpenCyc-devel] adding emotions to Cyc

[Joshua N P. <vi...@po...>]

I am looking for a co-author or advisor to help me publish a research
article.  Since I am not attached to a university, I am looking
outside for help.  I am writing an article about adding emotions
to Cyc.  I have most of the theory & practice worked out, but I
need help polishing it up and with journal / conference formalities.

If you are interested or think you can be of assistance then
please send me email.

-- 
Victory to the Divine Mother!!         after all,
  http://sahajayoga.org                  http://why-compete.org

[OpenCyc-devel] Common sense word games

[Ben Y. <by...@ya...>]

I think first that we're not getting very far trying
to nail down exactly what common sense is, and second
that we don't need a definition.  Think of it as a
marketing buzzword and stop fussing over it.

What's in Cyc?  A lot of stuff, stated as carefully
and generally as OE/KEers know how to do (perhaps
excepting stuff put in for particular projects near
deadlines).  They are smart people, but people
nonetheless and even without near deadlines they don't
have an infinite amount of time, so not everything
that should be qualified is. 

In many cases this will not matter, but in others, it
will make Cyc more brittle and in certain scenarios it
may even seem biased.  However, qualifying a very
rarely untrue statement for the n+1th time is not as
good a use of time and will not make Cyc a better
reasoner as quickly as saying something else that's
pretty general and pretty useful, so a certain amount
of cleanup has to be expected.  Obviously you want to
be REALLY careful if you want to use Cyc as an
arbiter.

The thing that's scary about common sense is that we
clearly need it, but as clearly one person's common
sense differs from another person's.  A young boy who
habitually acts up in class probably thinks that
teachers are mean and controlling, and to an extent,
it's even a useful assumption for him (he knows to
expect reprimand, detention, dunce cap, letter home to
parent etc... and can prepare himself psychologically,
prepare an excuse for his parents, etc... even if he
doesn't know the real reason why everyone wants him to
be learning this stupid math in the first place and so
he should be quiet so everyone can learn it).  

Think about the most fair minded reasoners you know. 
They don't arrive at conclusions quickly, and they
don't state their conclusions in simple terms.  There
are these things that have to be true for X, these
things for Y, etc...  

As humans, our use of this sort of reasoning is
primarily confined to things that don't directly
concern us, things we are impassionate about and have
as much time as we want to mull over.  More often we
use unstated assumptions about the way the world is,
assumptions not limited to things that everyone would
agree with, like upside-down bowls, cups, etc... not
holding liquid.  

As people in search of not just intelligence, but
better than human intelligence we'd like the
deliberate thinker to be the model for Cyc.  Whether
it's practical from a computational standpoint... it
probably depends on the sort of question you're
asking.  However, in order to ever get a straight
answer on an interesting question, we need to make
SOME assumptions.  

One mechanism that allows this is microtheories, and
maybe eventually these microtheories will be
interelated as in "The Dimensions of Context Space"
and the inference engine will proceed along those
lines.  I want to know more about other mechanisms
that allow you to make these assumptions... maybe a
response from  #$HumanCyclist can fill me in there.

Anyways, "The Dimensions of Context Space" would be a
step, but some other things that I don't remember
being discussed when I co-oped at Cyc in 2000, but
that I think are practical necessities are the ability
to pose possibly useful assumptions as part of the
query, and the ability for Cyc to come back with a
string of answers, first using as many pretty good
assumptions as it can find, without investigating the
way in which they're qualified, and then upping the
standards and demanding investigation of glossed over
details later.

Very curious to hear the reponse to my first posting.

Cheers all,
Ben

=====
From Leaf

Sunlight and mist turn a young leaf into tea.
   Tea can turn you into something new.
        Tea.  A natural gift of love.

__________________________________________________
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The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo
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RE: [OpenCyc-devel] Creating a Domain-Specific Theory

[Dewayne V. <dva...@ra...>]

I'm sorry I can not help you with OpenCyc.  I have not advanced further =
than subscribing to the mailing list.

> research project involving spatial semantics

We may have some overlapping interest.  Would you care to discuss your =
project in more detail?

I have a team working on mapping products.  I'm always interested in =
hearing new ideas.  I have some interest in looking at ways to deduce =
route plans from historical observation for the purpose of predicting =
paths which an object might take.  I am also interest in ways to =
consolidate objects observed from several sources into a single object.


Dewayne VanHoozer,
R&D Operations
Raytheon Integrated Systems and Simulations
Springfield, VA USA



-----Original Message-----
From: Piermarco Burrafato [mailto:pm...@cs...]=20
Sent: Thursday, April 10, 2003 5:16 AM
To: ope...@li...
Subject: [OpenCyc-devel] Creating a Domain-Specific Theory


Hello,

I really intend to use OpenCyc for a research project involving spatial=20
semantics. I have read most of the OpenCyc's tutorials and documentation =

and paid very much attention to the Ontology Entry material. But still I =

do not understand what to do if I want to create not only my=20
Domain-Specific Theory but also make it identifiable inside the OpenCyc=20
project and open to the rest of the community. Therefore, I am longing=20
to know exactly what steps one needs to follow in order to:

1. create their own Domain-Specific Theory;
2. make it identifiable inside the OpenCyc project.

Please, could anyone list them in detail?

I would really appreciate that.
Thank you very much in advance.

Kind regards
--
Piermarco Burrafato
  Ph.D. Student
  DINFO Universit=E0 degli Studi
  Viale delle Scienze
  90128 Palermo, ITALY
  Phone (+39)091-6615273
  Fax   (+39)091-488452
  EMail pm...@cs...




-------------------------------------------------------
This SF.net email is sponsored by: Etnus, makers of TotalView, The =
debugger=20
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_______________________________________________
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[OpenCyc-devel] Creating a Domain-Specific Theory

[Piermarco B. <pm...@cs...>]

Hello,

I really intend to use OpenCyc for a research project involving spatial=20
semantics. I have read most of the OpenCyc's tutorials and documentation=20
and paid very much attention to the Ontology Entry material. But still I=20
do not understand what to do if I want to create not only my=20
Domain-Specific Theory but also make it identifiable inside the OpenCyc=20
project and open to the rest of the community. Therefore, I am longing=20
to know exactly what steps one needs to follow in order to:

1. create their own Domain-Specific Theory;
2. make it identifiable inside the OpenCyc project.

Please, could anyone list them in detail?

I would really appreciate that.
Thank you very much in advance.

Kind regards
--
Piermarco Burrafato
  Ph.D. Student
  DINFO Universit=E0 degli Studi
  Viale delle Scienze
  90128 Palermo, ITALY
  Phone (+39)091-6615273
  Fax   (+39)091-488452
  EMail pm...@cs...

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Murray A. <m.a...@op...>]

Party of Citizens wrote:
> Why not just define common sense as common knowledge, ie knowledge
> available to the common people? The example was given earlier (by John
> Reed?) of knowledge that if a bowl is turned upside down, the contents
> spill out. A two year old child may not have this common sense knowledge
> but by age three or four, yes.
> 
> If that definition is accepted, then a developmental approach is
> suggested. Start with age 2 norms for common knowledge. Then age 3, 4 and
> so on. "From Bot Cabin to Whitehouse".

My point was that some types of statements, particularly statements
of empirical nature such as found in physics, are fine considered
as "common" knowledge, but the assumption of "common" knowledge
requires that the community of practice share a common understanding.

I think that is demonstrably false for a great portion of human
knowledge, and even fundamental physics shows this to be true: e.g.,
most people's "common" knowledge is at odds regarding physical
reality is at odds with that of physicists, zen monks, mystics,
and indeed, one could say many cultures hold different ideas about
the foundation of reality. Among physicists there is a debate about
the existence of gravity, just as DNA evidence has shown portions
of the zoological taxonomy to be incorrect, and some posit that
the divisions between species are only conveniences, that they
don't exist "in reality". If you think about it, this is most
certainly true, if such a thing as evolution of species exists.
This last is again a matter of conjecture among many Christian
fundamentalists.

And of course I could go on. Any sense of the "common" is bounded
by its definition. You can't simple declare "common" and move
on without creating something that some portion of the world
(perhaps those outside your culture, knowledge domain, or clique
within a knowledge domain) would disagree with.

Murray

......................................................................
Murray Altheim                  <http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/murray/>
Knowledge Media Institute
The Open University, Milton Keynes, Bucks, MK7 6AA, UK

    Hunt the Boeing! And test your perceptions!
    http://www.asile.org/citoyens/numero13/pentagone/erreurs_en.htm

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Party of C. <cit...@vc...>]

Why not just define common sense as common knowledge, ie knowledge
available to the common people? The example was given earlier (by John
Reed?) of knowledge that if a bowl is turned upside down, the contents
spill out. A two year old child may not have this common sense knowledge
but by age three or four, yes.

If that definition is accepted, then a developmental approach is
suggested. Start with age 2 norms for common knowledge. Then age 3, 4 and
so on. "From Bot Cabin to Whitehouse".

POC

On Thu, 3 Apr 2003, Murray Altheim wrote:

> John De Oliveira wrote:
> > Murray,
> >
> > Cyc handles the issue of multiple viewpoints using non-monotonic
> > reasoning and contexts. Contexts are implemented using microtheories and
> > dimensions of context-space (the latter of which are just beginning to
> > get implemented).You can read about microtheories in one of the Cyc 101
> > tutorials that are part of the OpenCyc documentation
> > (http://www.opencyc.org/doc). You can download a paper about
> > context-space at http://www.cyc.com/context-space.pdf.  The actual
> > implementation of context-space is a little different than what is
> > described in this paper, but it is close enough that the paper still
> > provides a useful description.
>
> John, (and Stephen)
>
> Yes, I understand to a reasonable extent the technical aspect of
> Cyc's microtheories, and have also been reading John McCarthy's
> and others' work on contexts, which are a primary interest of mine.
> My own ontology work centers on fictional narrative structures, so
> you can see that context (and by corollary, conflict) plays a
> profound role in fiction and storytelling.
>
> I suppose my question was somewhat rhetorical and philosophical,
> in the sense that my own feelings lean towards "common sense" at
> only the individual level -- I've met too many people I consider
> exceptional whose sense of the world is profoundly different than
> anything "common". I never met Einstein, but you catch my drift...
>
> My ontology implementation is as a Topic Map, but I've been following
> the Cyc developments for several years with keen interest and look
> forward to the release of the XML syntax, as I'm planning on writing
> an importer.
>
> I'll check out the reference on context-space.
>
> Thanks very much!
>
> Murray
>
> ......................................................................
> Murray Altheim                  <http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/murray/>
> Knowledge Media Institute
> The Open University, Milton Keynes, Bucks, MK7 6AA, UK
>
>     Hunt the Boeing! And test your perceptions!
>     http://www.asile.org/citoyens/numero13/pentagone/erreurs_en.htm
>
>
>
> -------------------------------------------------------
> This SF.net email is sponsored by: ValueWeb:
> Dedicated Hosting for just $79/mo with 500 GB of bandwidth!
> No other company gives more support or power for your dedicated server
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>

RE: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Danny A. <dan...@vi...>]

Maybe another way of defining "common sense" in the Cyc sense would be =
"inefficient to model", so although =20

[glasses of liquid should be carried rightside-up]

could be modelled through VR based on Newtonian physics together with =
(somehow) the human preference not to lose things etc, the hard-coded =
version covers 90% of cases in this domain for 1% of the code.=20

This does raise the question of where the line is drawn - as =
processing/modelling gets faster and more sophisticated, at some point =
it could become easier e.g. to use the VR model for the line above. =
Let's hope Cyc has proved its usefulness before then ;-)

Cheers,
Danny.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ope...@li...
> [mailto:ope...@li...]On Behalf Of Yeb
> Havinga
> Sent: 03 April 2003 14:02
> To: ope...@li...
> Subject: Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework
>=20
>=20
> I was under the impression that everything that is called 'common=20
> sense' is
> something that is 1 - something that has a clear 'real life' =
counterpart,
> 2 - true in real life. (excuse me for the lame definition of 1). So, =
when
> OpenCyc would be used to store data used in some kind of algorithm =
(like:
> var_x, int_i etc.etc), that data would not be 'common sense'. Like the =
Cyc
> NL stuff -> storage and indexing stuff of opencyc is used, but all the =
nl
> stuff have a note attached mentioning that it's not 'common sense', =
it's
> just part of a program. In this viewpoint there exist "common sense"
> knowledge that's not known by anybody. (like undiscovered species =
etc.) ->
> so the word common in "common sense" does not mean the set of=20
> knowledge the
> majority of people agree upon.
>=20
> -- Yeb
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -------------------------------------------------------
> This SF.net email is sponsored by: ValueWeb:=20
> Dedicated Hosting for just $79/mo with 500 GB of bandwidth!=20
> No other company gives more support or power for your dedicated server
> http://click.atdmt.com/AFF/go/sdnxxaff00300020aff/direct/01/
> _______________________________________________
> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
> Ope...@li...
> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>=20

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Yeb H. <yeb...@po...>]

I was under the impression that everything that is called 'common sense' is
something that is 1 - something that has a clear 'real life' counterpart,
2 - true in real life. (excuse me for the lame definition of 1). So, when
OpenCyc would be used to store data used in some kind of algorithm (like:
var_x, int_i etc.etc), that data would not be 'common sense'. Like the Cyc
NL stuff -> storage and indexing stuff of opencyc is used, but all the nl
stuff have a note attached mentioning that it's not 'common sense', it's
just part of a program. In this viewpoint there exist "common sense"
knowledge that's not known by anybody. (like undiscovered species etc.) ->
so the word common in "common sense" does not mean the set of knowledge the
majority of people agree upon.

-- Yeb

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Murray A. <m.a...@op...>]

John De Oliveira wrote:
> Murray,
> 
> Cyc handles the issue of multiple viewpoints using non-monotonic 
> reasoning and contexts. Contexts are implemented using microtheories and 
> dimensions of context-space (the latter of which are just beginning to 
> get implemented).You can read about microtheories in one of the Cyc 101 
> tutorials that are part of the OpenCyc documentation 
> (http://www.opencyc.org/doc). You can download a paper about 
> context-space at http://www.cyc.com/context-space.pdf.  The actual 
> implementation of context-space is a little different than what is 
> described in this paper, but it is close enough that the paper still 
> provides a useful description.

John, (and Stephen)

Yes, I understand to a reasonable extent the technical aspect of
Cyc's microtheories, and have also been reading John McCarthy's
and others' work on contexts, which are a primary interest of mine.
My own ontology work centers on fictional narrative structures, so
you can see that context (and by corollary, conflict) plays a
profound role in fiction and storytelling.

I suppose my question was somewhat rhetorical and philosophical,
in the sense that my own feelings lean towards "common sense" at
only the individual level -- I've met too many people I consider
exceptional whose sense of the world is profoundly different than
anything "common". I never met Einstein, but you catch my drift...

My ontology implementation is as a Topic Map, but I've been following
the Cyc developments for several years with keen interest and look
forward to the release of the XML syntax, as I'm planning on writing
an importer.

I'll check out the reference on context-space.

Thanks very much!

Murray

......................................................................
Murray Altheim                  <http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/murray/>
Knowledge Media Institute
The Open University, Milton Keynes, Bucks, MK7 6AA, UK

    Hunt the Boeing! And test your perceptions!
    http://www.asile.org/citoyens/numero13/pentagone/erreurs_en.htm

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[John De O. <jo...@cy...>]

Murray,

Cyc handles the issue of multiple viewpoints using non-monotonic reasoning 
and contexts. Contexts are implemented using microtheories and dimensions 
of context-space (the latter of which are just beginning to get 
implemented).You can read about microtheories in one of the Cyc 101 
tutorials that are part of the OpenCyc documentation 
(http://www.opencyc.org/doc). You can download a paper about context-space 
at http://www.cyc.com/context-space.pdf.  The actual implementation of 
context-space is a little different than what is described in this paper, 
but it is close enough that the paper still provides a useful description.

John De Oliveira
OpenCyc Project Manager
Cycorp

At 02:51 PM 4/2/2003 +0100, Murray Altheim wrote:
>Stephen Reed wrote:
>>Let me respond with a few simple thoughts and then you can ask for
>>clarification where needed.
>>As a rule of thumb, commonsense is the knowledge we all have but it not
>>necessarily recorded in reference books explicitly.  For example, it is
>>somewhat difficult to find an encyclopedia or dictionary that says that
>>when a bowl is inverted, its contents run out.  In addition to the broadly
>>applicable information that *is* found in reference books, Cyc has many
>>hand entered facts required to understand the assumptions that underlie
>>human discourse.
>>Commonsense representation and reasoning in the Cyc Knowledge Base has the
>>goal of avoiding the brittleness observed when scaling up typical expert
>>systems to include more knowledge.  Cyc is engineered to eventually have a
>>suitable representation for the full range of human expression, so that
>>expert knowledge bases can be created by extending from the Cyc upper and
>>middle ontology.
>>Our methodology assumes that representing new knowledge is much easier
>>when a large body of general purpose knowledge is already present.  Cyc
>>uses inheritance hierarchies within its major object types (e.g. terms,
>>relationships and contexts) to concisely represent knowledge.
>
>Steve,
>
>I can't speak for the earlier questioner, but my gist of that question
>had more to do with the *boundaries* of common sense. Your example of
>a relatively empirical physical law such as gravity is doubtfully
>going to come under much criticism, but there are many things in the
>Cyc ontology that might not be considered by all of humankind to be
>"common" in their thinking or sensation. Societies differ sometimes
>in very profound interpretations of whatever "common" reality may be
>there to share.
>
>At the one extreme, common sense might be considered common to all
>people. [One might need to constrain this statement to apply only
>to "sane" people, but there's the beginning of the rub, eh?]
>
>At the other extreme, it might be stated that common sense exists
>only at an individual level, that taken as a whole, unless an
>individual agreed with all statements in the Cyc ontology, their
>"common sense" disagrees with the "common sense" of Cyc, and any
>usage of an unmodified Cyc under those circumstances could be
>considered coercive, to the degree of such disagreement. [I'm not
>suggesting that Cyc or its developers are coercive, only such a
>usage, forced or voluntary. E.g., I use music CDs or software I've
>purchased even though I disagree with the licensing of it, since
>I often have no choice otherwise except to opt out completely.]
>
>The only way to avoid coercion is to allow for the modeling of
>disagreement. So rather than *necessarily* modifying Cyc upon the
>acquisition of new content, if such change were to cause any
>disagreement within the community of use it seems it would be
>better to include both conflicting statements, and include a
>relation establishing the disagreement.
>
>I'm curious as to:
>
>   a. the design of Cyc that might allow disagreements to be
>      clearly modeled, viewed, discussed.
>   b. the way the Cyc team sees its release into a community of
>      users, and how they think the team might expedite Cyc's
>      multiple-viewpoint usage
>
>Because most of the world's problems arise out of disagreement
>or misunderstanding, it seems that systems that can model such
>disagreement are profoundly more valuable than those which state
>a monolithic view of reality, a "common sense". Acknowledging of
>course Cyc's intended use in projects where its more "common"
>statements would be still valuable, if Cyc could be used in some
>way to assist in discussion in the resolution of disputes, of
>where communities disagree, that would be much more valuable (to
>the world community at this juncture especially), than "knowing"
>about gravity, the containment of liquids, the structure of
>taxonomies, etc.
>
>Murray
>
>......................................................................
>Murray Altheim                  <http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/murray/>
>Knowledge Media Institute
>The Open University, Milton Keynes, Bucks, MK7 6AA, UK
>
>    Hunt the Boeing! And test your perceptions!
>    http://www.asile.org/citoyens/numero13/pentagone/erreurs_en.htm
>
>
>
>-------------------------------------------------------
>This SF.net email is sponsored by: ValueWeb: Dedicated Hosting for just 
>$79/mo with 500 GB of bandwidth! No other company gives more support or 
>power for your dedicated server
>http://click.atdmt.com/AFF/go/sdnxxaff00300020aff/direct/01/
>_______________________________________________
>OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>Ope...@li...
>https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Stephen R. <re...@cy...>]

On Wed, 2 Apr 2003, Murray Altheim wrote:
> I can't speak for the earlier questioner, but my gist of that question
> had more to do with the *boundaries* of common sense. Your example of
> a relatively empirical physical law such as gravity is doubtfully
> going to come under much criticism, but there are many things in the
> Cyc ontology that might not be considered by all of humankind to be
> "common" in their thinking or sensation. Societies differ sometimes
> in very profound interpretations of whatever "common" reality may be
> there to share.
>
> At the one extreme, common sense might be considered common to all
> people. [One might need to constrain this statement to apply only
> to "sane" people, but there's the beginning of the rub, eh?]

The Cyc ontology falls closer to this notion of common sense.

> At the other extreme, it might be stated that common sense exists
> only at an individual level, that taken as a whole, unless an
> individual agreed with all statements in the Cyc ontology, their
> "common sense" disagrees with the "common sense" of Cyc, and any
> usage of an unmodified Cyc under those circumstances could be
> considered coercive, to the degree of such disagreement. [I'm not
> suggesting that Cyc or its developers are coercive, only such a
> usage, forced or voluntary. E.g., I use music CDs or software I've
> purchased even though I disagree with the licensing of it, since
> I often have no choice otherwise except to opt out completely.]

Cyc deals with individual beliefs on a couple of levels: 1) Cyc can model
the beliefs of an agent, and 2) Cyc has uses default logic to represent
facts which an agent would expect to be true in the absence of exceptional
knowledge.

> The only way to avoid coercion is to allow for the modeling of
> disagreement. So rather than *necessarily* modifying Cyc upon the
> acquisition of new content, if such change were to cause any
> disagreement within the community of use it seems it would be
> better to include both conflicting statements, and include a
> relation establishing the disagreement.

Yes, some of our DARPA sponsored research covered the modeling of
arguments.  Tools used by the intelligence community support structured
arguments which bottom out in evidence, and a couple of years ago I
represented portions of a demonstration argument in CycL.

>
> I'm curious as to:
>
>    a. the design of Cyc that might allow disagreements to be
>       clearly modeled, viewed, discussed.

A couple of methods are available in Cyc: 1) use microtheories to separate
possibly inconsistent facts about a topic. 2) use agent belief statements
to wrap possibly inconsistent facts about a topic.

Currently agent belief statements are not well supported by Cyc's
deductive inference engine and we hope to improve that facility this year.

>    b. the way the Cyc team sees its release into a community of
>       users, and how they think the team might expedite Cyc's
>       multiple-viewpoint usage
>
> Because most of the world's problems arise out of disagreement
> or misunderstanding, it seems that systems that can model such
> disagreement are profoundly more valuable than those which state
> a monolithic view of reality, a "common sense". Acknowledging of
> course Cyc's intended use in projects where its more "common"
> statements would be still valuable, if Cyc could be used in some
> way to assist in discussion in the resolution of disputes, of
> where communities disagree, that would be much more valuable (to
> the world community at this juncture especially), than "knowing"
> about gravity, the containment of liquids, the structure of
> taxonomies, etc.

We hope that DARPA recognition of the need you identify results in
sponsorship of research to address it.

-Steve

-- 
===========================================================
Stephen L. Reed                  phone:  512.342.4036
Cycorp, Suite 100                  fax:  512.342.4040
3721 Executive Center Drive      email:  re...@cy...
Austin, TX 78731                   web:  http://www.cyc.com
         download OpenCyc at http://www.opencyc.org
===========================================================

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Murray A. <m.a...@op...>]

Stephen Reed wrote:
> Let me respond with a few simple thoughts and then you can ask for
> clarification where needed.
> 
> As a rule of thumb, commonsense is the knowledge we all have but it not
> necessarily recorded in reference books explicitly.  For example, it is
> somewhat difficult to find an encyclopedia or dictionary that says that
> when a bowl is inverted, its contents run out.  In addition to the broadly
> applicable information that *is* found in reference books, Cyc has many
> hand entered facts required to understand the assumptions that underlie
> human discourse.
> 
> Commonsense representation and reasoning in the Cyc Knowledge Base has the
> goal of avoiding the brittleness observed when scaling up typical expert
> systems to include more knowledge.  Cyc is engineered to eventually have a
> suitable representation for the full range of human expression, so that
> expert knowledge bases can be created by extending from the Cyc upper and
> middle ontology.
> 
> Our methodology assumes that representing new knowledge is much easier
> when a large body of general purpose knowledge is already present.  Cyc
> uses inheritance hierarchies within its major object types (e.g. terms,
> relationships and contexts) to concisely represent knowledge.

Steve,

I can't speak for the earlier questioner, but my gist of that question
had more to do with the *boundaries* of common sense. Your example of
a relatively empirical physical law such as gravity is doubtfully
going to come under much criticism, but there are many things in the
Cyc ontology that might not be considered by all of humankind to be
"common" in their thinking or sensation. Societies differ sometimes
in very profound interpretations of whatever "common" reality may be
there to share.

At the one extreme, common sense might be considered common to all
people. [One might need to constrain this statement to apply only
to "sane" people, but there's the beginning of the rub, eh?]

At the other extreme, it might be stated that common sense exists
only at an individual level, that taken as a whole, unless an
individual agreed with all statements in the Cyc ontology, their
"common sense" disagrees with the "common sense" of Cyc, and any
usage of an unmodified Cyc under those circumstances could be
considered coercive, to the degree of such disagreement. [I'm not
suggesting that Cyc or its developers are coercive, only such a
usage, forced or voluntary. E.g., I use music CDs or software I've
purchased even though I disagree with the licensing of it, since
I often have no choice otherwise except to opt out completely.]

The only way to avoid coercion is to allow for the modeling of
disagreement. So rather than *necessarily* modifying Cyc upon the
acquisition of new content, if such change were to cause any
disagreement within the community of use it seems it would be
better to include both conflicting statements, and include a
relation establishing the disagreement.

I'm curious as to:

   a. the design of Cyc that might allow disagreements to be
      clearly modeled, viewed, discussed.
   b. the way the Cyc team sees its release into a community of
      users, and how they think the team might expedite Cyc's
      multiple-viewpoint usage

Because most of the world's problems arise out of disagreement
or misunderstanding, it seems that systems that can model such
disagreement are profoundly more valuable than those which state
a monolithic view of reality, a "common sense". Acknowledging of
course Cyc's intended use in projects where its more "common"
statements would be still valuable, if Cyc could be used in some
way to assist in discussion in the resolution of disputes, of
where communities disagree, that would be much more valuable (to
the world community at this juncture especially), than "knowing"
about gravity, the containment of liquids, the structure of
taxonomies, etc.

Murray

......................................................................
Murray Altheim                  <http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/murray/>
Knowledge Media Institute
The Open University, Milton Keynes, Bucks, MK7 6AA, UK

    Hunt the Boeing! And test your perceptions!
    http://www.asile.org/citoyens/numero13/pentagone/erreurs_en.htm

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Stephen R. <re...@cy...>]

Let me respond with a few simple thoughts and then you can ask for
clarification where needed.

As a rule of thumb, commonsense is the knowledge we all have but it not
necessarily recorded in reference books explicitly.  For example, it is
somewhat difficult to find an encyclopedia or dictionary that says that
when a bowl is inverted, its contents run out.  In addition to the broadly
applicable information that *is* found in reference books, Cyc has many
hand entered facts required to understand the assumptions that underlie
human discourse.

Commonsense representation and reasoning in the Cyc Knowledge Base has the
goal of avoiding the brittleness observed when scaling up typical expert
systems to include more knowledge.  Cyc is engineered to eventually have a
suitable representation for the full range of human expression, so that
expert knowledge bases can be created by extending from the Cyc upper and
middle ontology.

Our methodology assumes that representing new knowledge is much easier
when a large body of general purpose knowledge is already present.  Cyc
uses inheritance hierarchies within its major object types (e.g. terms,
relationships and contexts) to concisely represent knowledge.

-Steve



On Wed, 26 Mar 2003, Party of Citizens wrote:

> The Cyc Project uses the expression "common sense" quite a lot. Could you
> please tell us what you mean by common sense and how it is used in writing
> the Cyc program?
> POC
>
> On Wed, 26 Mar 2003, Stephen Reed wrote:
>
> > On Wed, 26 Mar 2003, Piermarco Burrafato wrote:
> >
> > > Hi,
> > >
> > > I'm not sure I have understood how to relate my own costants to the Cyc
> > > opensource framework. To better let you understand, I am working on a
> > > research project involving knowledge representetation and anchoring of
> > > symbols to semantics, and so I need to create my own costants in order
> > > to build a new KB capturing the problem domain.
> > >
> > > Now, if I want to make my KB a "plug in" of the OpenCyc framework, I've
> > > got the following questions:
> > >
> > > 1. Do I have to set the current project to OpenCycProject? And If so, why?
> >
> > No, Cyc uses the current project only for bookkeeping meta assertions
> > about new terms and assertions created for that project.  You can create
> > any number of projects for your own purposes by creating a term similar to
> > OpenCycProject.
> >
> > >
> > > 2. Shell I use implementation costants or whatever for the applications
> > > using the KB? Shell I use them anyway?
> >
> > No, ordinarily you would not designate your own terms as implementation
> > constants as they are not part of the commonsense contents of the KB, but
> > only serve as vocabulary to support Cyc behavior such as natural language
> > paraphrasing.
> >
> > -Steve
> >
> > > Thanks very much indeed for any help.
> > >
> > > Best regards
> > >
> >
> > --
> > ===========================================================
> > Stephen L. Reed                  phone:  512.342.4036
> > Cycorp, Suite 100                  fax:  512.342.4040
> > 3721 Executive Center Drive      email:  re...@cy...
> > Austin, TX 78731                   web:  http://www.cyc.com
> >          download OpenCyc at http://www.opencyc.org
> > ===========================================================
> >
> >
> >
> > -------------------------------------------------------
> > This SF.net email is sponsored by:
> > The Definitive IT and Networking Event. Be There!
> > NetWorld+Interop Las Vegas 2003 -- Register today!
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> > _______________________________________________
> > OpenCyc-devel mailing list
> > Ope...@li...
> > https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
> >
>
>

-- 
===========================================================
Stephen L. Reed                  phone:  512.342.4036
Cycorp, Suite 100                  fax:  512.342.4040
3721 Executive Center Drive      email:  re...@cy...
Austin, TX 78731                   web:  http://www.cyc.com
         download OpenCyc at http://www.opencyc.org
===========================================================

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] User-defined pieces of code

[John De O. <jo...@cy...>]

That's what it means, but I think it won't work until the next point release.

At 08:57 PM 3/31/2003 +0200, Piermarco Burrafato wrote:
>Hi,
>
>the Cyc KB Browser's comment about the evaluationDefn predicate says that 
>it "is used to relate an evaluatable Cyc function or predicate to the name 
>of the piece of code that is used to evaluate it [...]".
>
>Does that mean that I can define my own piece of SubL code and relate it 
>to an evaluatable Cyc function of mine? And if so, how can I do that?
>
>Thanks very much in advance for your help.
>
>Kind regards
>Piermarco Burrafato
>
>
>
>
>-------------------------------------------------------
>This SF.net email is sponsored by: ValueWeb: Dedicated Hosting for just 
>$79/mo with 500 GB of bandwidth! No other company gives more support or 
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[OpenCyc-devel] User-defined pieces of code

[Piermarco B. <pm...@cs...>]

Hi,

the Cyc KB Browser's comment about the evaluationDefn predicate says 
that it "is used to relate an evaluatable Cyc function or predicate to 
the name of the piece of code that is used to evaluate it [...]".

Does that mean that I can define my own piece of SubL code and relate it 
to an evaluatable Cyc function of mine? And if so, how can I do that?

Thanks very much in advance for your help.

Kind regards
Piermarco Burrafato

Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Plug into the framework

[Party of C. <cit...@vc...>]

The Cyc Project uses the expression "common sense" quite a lot. Could you
please tell us what you mean by common sense and how it is used in writing
the Cyc program?
POC

On Wed, 26 Mar 2003, Stephen Reed wrote:

> On Wed, 26 Mar 2003, Piermarco Burrafato wrote:
>
> > Hi,
> >
> > I'm not sure I have understood how to relate my own costants to the Cyc
> > opensource framework. To better let you understand, I am working on a
> > research project involving knowledge representetation and anchoring of
> > symbols to semantics, and so I need to create my own costants in order
> > to build a new KB capturing the problem domain.
> >
> > Now, if I want to make my KB a "plug in" of the OpenCyc framework, I've
> > got the following questions:
> >
> > 1. Do I have to set the current project to OpenCycProject? And If so, why?
>
> No, Cyc uses the current project only for bookkeeping meta assertions
> about new terms and assertions created for that project.  You can create
> any number of projects for your own purposes by creating a term similar to
> OpenCycProject.
>
> >
> > 2. Shell I use implementation costants or whatever for the applications
> > using the KB? Shell I use them anyway?
>
> No, ordinarily you would not designate your own terms as implementation
> constants as they are not part of the commonsense contents of the KB, but
> only serve as vocabulary to support Cyc behavior such as natural language
> paraphrasing.
>
> -Steve
>
> > Thanks very much indeed for any help.
> >
> > Best regards
> >
>
> --
> ===========================================================
> Stephen L. Reed                  phone:  512.342.4036
> Cycorp, Suite 100                  fax:  512.342.4040
> 3721 Executive Center Drive      email:  re...@cy...
> Austin, TX 78731                   web:  http://www.cyc.com
>          download OpenCyc at http://www.opencyc.org
> ===========================================================
>
>
>
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