Menu
▾
▴
[Hugin-cvs] /hgrepo/h/hu/hugin/hugin-web: Fixed broken image display in blen...
|
From: <hug...@li...> - 2010-08-13 00:26:37
|
details: http://hugin.hg.sourceforge.net/hgweb/hugin/hugin-web/hgrepo/h/hu/hugin/hugin-web/rev/8c6b93428f4b changeset: 176:8c6b93428f4b user: Terry Duell <td...@us...> date: Fri Aug 13 10:25:08 2010 +1000 description: Fixed broken image display in blend-mask tutorial diffstat: tutorials/Blend-masks/en.shtml | 3 +- tutorials/Blend-masks/en.shtml~ | 235 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 237 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-) diffs (260 lines): diff -r 3fe02d6c1675 -r 8c6b93428f4b tutorials/Blend-masks/en.shtml --- a/tutorials/Blend-masks/en.shtml Fri Aug 13 10:11:39 2010 +1000 +++ b/tutorials/Blend-masks/en.shtml Fri Aug 13 10:25:08 2010 +1000 @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" /><title>Hugin tutorial — Blend masks</title> @@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ Moving the mouse pointer back and forth will help locate areas that could be masked. <span style="font-weight: bold;">Identify</span> will also show masks when they have been defined or loaded.<br /> <br /> -<img style="width: 385px; height: 400px;" alt="" src="../../../../ident-1.jpg" /> <img style="width: 371px; height: 400px;" alt="" src="../../../../ident-2.jpg" /><br /> +<img style="width: 385px; height: 400px;" alt="" src="ident-1.jpg" /> <img style="width: 371px; height: 400px;" alt="" src="ident-2.jpg" /><br /> You can also switch individual images on and off in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Fast Preview</span> window (toggle the image number buttons 0, 1... in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">displayed images</span> toolbar) diff -r 3fe02d6c1675 -r 8c6b93428f4b tutorials/Blend-masks/en.shtml~ --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/tutorials/Blend-masks/en.shtml~ Fri Aug 13 10:25:08 2010 +1000 @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head> + + + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" /><title>Hugin tutorial — Blend masks</title> + + + + + <style media="screen" type="text/css" title="Screen style sheet"> +@import url(../../css/normal.css); + </style> + + <link rel="icon" href="../../css/icon.png" type="image/png" /></head><body> +<!--#include virtual="/ssi/menu.html"--> +<div class="content"> +<h1>Hugin tutorial — Blend masks<br /> +</h1> +<p><strong>This tutorial covers an advanced use of Hugin — Using masks +to control the blending of images within the overlap region.</strong></p> +<p>Note: This tutorial is based on the 2010.2 version of Hugin. If you have a later version of Hugin which supports blend masks, +some of the detail may differ, but the underlying principle will remain +the +same.<br /> +</p> +<h2><em>Background</em></h2> +There are times when the blending of photos gives an +undesirable +result, such that the blend region shows artifacts that would not +be seen if an area from another overlapping photo had been used instead.<br /> +The problem is often noticeable when the photos contain people. A +person may be walking and appear multiple times in a series of photos, +or appear only in part +in the stitch.<br /> +Blend masking allows you to define an <span style="font-weight: bold;">Include +region</span> which the blender will try to incorporate into the final +stitch, or to define an <span style="font-weight: bold;">Exclude region</span> +which the blender will try to keep out of the stitch.<br /> +The <span style="font-weight: bold;">Mask</span> tab in the main Hugin +window allows +you to select the image in which you want to define a mask; define the +mask as a closed polygon by selecting points with the mouse; change a +mask from exclude to include region, and <span style="font-weight: bold;">Save</span>, <span style="font-weight: bold;">Load</span> or <span style="font-weight: bold;">Delete</span> a mask.<br /> +Blend masks are not like your normal 'cut out' and 'paste in' masking. +They are more like giving hints to the blender, so it isn't always +necessary to carefully define a mask exactly on the boundary of an +object. Often it sufficient to only roughly enclose the object to be +included or excluded.<br /> +<p>You can download the photos used in this tutorial to try it +yourself. <a href="p1020257.jpg">p1020257.jpg</a> <a href="p1020258.jpg">p1020258.jpg</a><br /> +These photos have been reduced in size to those used during the +preparation of the tutorial, but should allow you to test the procedures and get the same, or +very similar +results.<br /> +</p> +<p>The image below is the result of stitching the two photos, using hugin +defaults. The photos contain moving people and the stitch shows that some of the people (lower-centre) are +only +partly displayed.<br /> +</p> +<p>We will try an exclude mask then an include mask, to obtain a +better result.<br /> +</p> +<p><img style="width: 800px; height: 749px;" alt="stitch no mask" src="stitch-nomask.jpg" /><br /> +</p> +<h2><em><em>Using an Exclude mask</em></em></h2> +Start by launching Hugin, use the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Assistant +- 1. Load +images...</span> button to select the images, then use the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Assistant - 2. +Align...</span> button to optimise the alignment, then display a +preview of the stitch in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Fast +Preview</span> window.<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 708px;" alt="all images" src="Screenshot-2.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +Try switching individual images on and off in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Fast Preview</span> window (toggle buttons +0, 1... in the <span style="font-weight: bold;">displayed images</span> +toolbar) +to see which parts of the overlapped regions could be excluded +to improve the final stitch. You will need to compare each image with +the result from the initial stitch to decide which parts of either +image should be masked to get a better result.<br /> +Note that when we are looking to exclude part of an image, there needs +to be a suitable part in the same area of the overlapped image. The +blender must have something to replace the excluded area. If the +excluded area falls outside the overlap area the final stitch will +include a hole.<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 704px;" alt="one image" src="Screenshot-1.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +We may have some success if we could exclude the young gentleman in the +lower centre foreground of photo #1.<br /> +<br /> +Select the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Mask</span> tab in the +main Hugin window, then select the image which contains the area to be +excluded. Go to the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Zoom:</span> +button to make the image a suitable a size to make it easy to select +mask boundary points.<br /> +Select <span style="font-weight: bold;">Add new mask</span>, then +simply begin to define the mask boundary by selecting points with the +left mouse. Double click left mouse to end and close the polygon to the +first point.<br /> +<br /> +To edit your mask see <span style="font-weight: bold;">Mask editor key +bindings</span> +later in this tutorial.<br /> +<br /> +You can download the masks, <a href="mask-1.msk">mask1</a>, <a href="mask-2.msk">mask2</a>. You may have to select the <span style="font-weight: bold;">scale</span> and/or <span style="font-weight: bold;">rotate</span> options when using <span style="font-weight: bold;">Load mask</span>, +to get the masks to align with the scaled images. Having loaded a mask, +you will need to select the appropriate image and then select the mask +to see the mask applied to the image.<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 600px;" alt="exclude mask" src="Screenshot-3.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +This is the result of blend and stitch using the exclude mask.<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 749px;" alt="mask 1" src="stitch-mask1.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +We will <span style="font-weight: bold;">Save mask</span> as it comes +in handy again later, then <span style="font-weight: bold;">Delete mask</span> +so that we can see how an Include mask works.<br /> +<h2><em><em>Using an Include mask</em></em></h2> +Here we created an include mask on photo #0, and this is roughly +defined +as shown in the image below.<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 732px;" alt="mask 2" src="Screenshot-4.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +and the result of stitching and blending...<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 749px;" alt="include mask stitch" src="stitch-inc-mask.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +which is almost identical to the result achieved using the more +detailed exclude mask.<br /> +Again we <span style="font-weight: bold;">Save mask</span> before +trying the next section.<br /> +<br /> +<h2><em>A closer look at how the blender works</em></h2> +To get a better idea of how the blender works, we will colorize our two +images using Gimp, setting one to cyan and the other to red. If we set +the blender to use a narrow seam and no seam optimisation, we can see +how the blender handles the problem with no mask; an exclude mask, and +an include mask.<br /> +<br /> +Having loaded our two colorized photos, we can go to the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stitcher</span> tab and set the enblend <span style="font-weight: bold;">Options</span> to <span style="font-weight: bold;">--no-optimize -l 4</span> to see how the +blender stitches without a mask. <br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 856px;" alt="enblend options" src="Screenshot-5.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +Go to the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Mask</span> tab and ensure +that no masks are defined. If masks are still defined, select each in +turn and <span style="font-weight: bold;">Delete mask</span>.<br /> +The resulting blend and stitch shows us the seam line.<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 800px; height: 693px;" alt="colorize no-mask" src="stitch-colorize-nomask.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +Note that the blend seam will be different to that of our original +stitch without a mask, because in that case we used the Enblend +defaults.<br /> +<br /> +If we now select the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Mask</span> tab +and <span style="font-weight: bold;">Load Mask</span> to retrieve our +exclude mask, then stitch from the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stitcher</span> +tab so that we use our Enblend options, we see that the blend seam has +changed.<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 798px; height: 678px;" alt="colorize exclude mask" src="stitch-colorize-exclmask.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +Note how the seam of the blend hasn't exactly followed the mask +boundary. The location of the seam line has been guided by the mask +boundary.<br /> +<br /> +If we now go back to the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Mask</span> +tab, select <span style="font-weight: bold;">Delete mask</span>, then +select <span style="font-weight: bold;">Load Mask</span> to load in +our include mask, and again stitch from the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Stitcher</span> tab, the result is...<br /> +<br /> +<img style="width: 798px; height: 678px;" alt="colorize include mask" src="stitch-colorize-incmask.jpg" /><br /> +<br /> +Again the seam has been guided by the mask boundary.<br /> +<br /> +The important thing to remember is that the masks must be defined +within the photo overlap region, otherwise a hole will appear in the +stitched image.<br /> +Masking is quite easy to use once you are familiar with the basics, so +try things and experiment.<br /> +<h2><em><em> </em>Mask editor key bindings</em></h2> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Creating mask +polygon:</span> +Left mouse button sets one point, finish with right mouse button or +left click twice.<br /> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Select mask:</span> Left mouse click +inside polygon or use rubberband, works +only when there are no points selected; or use the listbox (i.e. select +<span style="font-weight: bold;">0 Exclude region</span> as in example +image above where we created our exclude mask).<br /> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Selecting point(s):</span> After +selecting <span style="font-weight: bold;">Add new mask</span> left +mouse click on point or use rubberband; when holding shift the new +points are added to an existing selection.<br /> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Move point(s):</span> drag with left +mouse button.<br /> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Move whole mask:</span> drag with +right mouse button.<br /> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Adding points:</span> Left click while +holding ctrl key on a line segment.<br /> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Deleting points:</span> Right mouse +click while holding ctrl key on a point or drag with right mouse button +and pressed ctrl key a rubber band around points (the remaining polygon +must consist of at least three points, otherwise the deleting is +cancelled); the delete key deletes the selected points.<br /> +<span style="font-weight: bold;">Deleting mask:</span> Use <span style="font-weight: bold;">Delete mask</span> button. The mask is also +deleted by pressing the delete key when all or no points of the +current mask are selected.<br /> +<br /> +<h2><em>Other useful information</em></h2> +<em>To learn more about Enblend, the Hugin blender, go to the Hugin <span style="font-weight: bold;">Help</span>. +You should be able to navigate to the Enblend reference manual which +will explain all the options that can be used to fine tune the image +blending.<br /> +</em> +<h2><em><em>Related links</em></em></h2> +<p><em>Bruno Postle has posted a <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/36383814@N00/4359863335/">tutorial</a>.<br /> +</em></p> +<p><em>Cristian Marchi has posted a nice <a href="http://www.flickr.com/groups/hugin/discuss/72157623472700076/">tutorial</a> +showing the use of include (or 'positive') masking. <br /> +</em></p> +<p><em><br /> +</em></p> +<p><em>This tutorial prepared by Terry Duell with guidance from Bruno +Postle, Aug. 2010.<br /> +</em></p> +</div> + +</body></html> \ No newline at end of file |