gnuplot-bugs — Place to submit bug reports on gnuplot

Re: [Gnuplot-bugs] rgbimage shift-rotates the image along the x-axis

[Hans-Bernhard B. <HBB...@t-...>]

fredfriend wrote:

> I'd like to overplot data with gnuplot via "rgbimage". The image that is
> inserted is however always shift-rotated.

No, it's just shifted, because you make incorrect assumption about the 
contents of a PNM image file.

> The cropped image is then saved as PNM image 

Strictly speaking, there is no such thing as saving an image as a PNM 
file.  PNM is a family of three formats.  You save as either PBM, PGM or 
PPM.

> I looked at the imported image (the PNM) with different programs and there's
> no shift apparent in the image itself, so I think it's a gnuplot thing.

You used all kinds of program that know about the PNM family of image 
file formats.  But you told gnuplot that the file was a raw binary image 
without _any_ format.  It's not, so you lied to gnuplot.  The behaviour 
you see is the direct result of that lie.

The shift you see is the PNM file format header.  The way you told 
gnuplot to read that file, it has to assume this header was part of the 
image data.  It's not, and so all other file positions are off by its size.

Re: [Gnuplot-bugs] rgbimage shift-rotates the image along the x-axis

[fredfriend <van...@il...>]

addition information to the report below:

I **can** properly plot the rgbimage in octave, even though this octave
3.2.0 uses exactly the same gnuplot binary.

(   in octave I simply do:  imshow('bla.pnm')   )




fredfriend wrote:
> 
> Dear all,
> 
> I'd like to overplot data with gnuplot via "rgbimage". The image that is
> inserted is however always shift-rotated.
> 
> Normally I use 'with rgbimage' to import some graph of a published
> article, but here I'll talk about a 'silly' example:
> 
> As an example I generate a postscript file with gnuplot of y=sin(x). I
> crop the postscript file in Gimp (for instance) to remove the tick labels
> etc so that I'm left with the sin(x) plot and the borders (which run from
> -10<x<10 and -1<y<1). The cropped image is then saved as PNM image which I
> can read into gnuplot if I know the size in pixels.
> 
> Then I want to 
> plot "bla.pnm" binary array=639x887 format="%uint8" flipy not w rgbimage
> 
> and I get the following result:
> 
>   http://www.nabble.com/file/p25472029/gnuplot.png 
> 
> please ignore the silly 90deg rotations of the axes, this is just due to
> the 'convert' program. The explanation is as follows:
> 
> The image is **properly** put from 0 to 639 on the X-axis and from 0 to
> 887 on the Y-axis. As you can see the top of the imported image (i.e. the
> top of the sine wave) is cut off and put below the bottom. 
> 
> It is therefore 'shift-rotated' along the X-axis.
> 
> I looked at the imported image (the PNM) with different programs and
> there's no shift apparent in the image itself, so I think it's a gnuplot
> thing. I'm using gnuplot 4.3.0 and had this problem with several imported
> images from different sources.
> 
> Can anybody reproduce this error? Is this a bug of gnuplot?
> 
> any help would be much appreciated! 
> 
> 
> 

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[Gnuplot-bugs] rgbimage shift-rotates the image along the x-axis

[fredfriend <van...@il...>]

Dear all,

I'd like to overplot data with gnuplot via "rgbimage". The image that is
inserted is however always shift-rotated.

Normally I use 'with rgbimage' to import some graph of a published article,
but here I'll talk about a 'silly' example:

As an example I generate a postscript file with gnuplot of y=sin(x). I crop
the postscript file in Gimp (for instance) to remove the tick labels etc so
that I'm left with the sin(x) plot and the borders (which run from -10<x<10
and -1<y<1). The cropped image is then saved as PNM image which I can read
into gnuplot if I know the size in pixels.

Then I want to 
plot "bla.pnm" binary array=639x887 format="%uint8" flipy not w rgbimage

and I get the following result:

  http://www.nabble.com/file/p25472029/gnuplot.png 

please ignore the silly 90deg rotations of the axes, this is just due to the
'convert' program. The explanation is as follows:

The image is **properly** put from 0 to 639 on the X-axis and from 0 to 887
on the Y-axis. As you can see the top of the imported image (i.e. the top of
the sine wave) is cut off and put below the bottom. 

It is therefore 'shift-rotated' along the X-axis.

I looked at the imported image (the PNM) with different programs and there's
no shift apparent in the image itself, so I think it's a gnuplot thing. I'm
using gnuplot 4.3.0 and had this problem with several imported images from
different sources.

Can anybody reproduce this error? Is this a bug of gnuplot?

any help would be much appreciated! 


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[Gnuplot-bugs] complexion, and some

[Spirounias F. <tea...@te...>]

Was dreadful and cruel to look on, and the whole court trembled to
behold him. In the end he said: "By my crown, I will so revenge these
outrages committed against my dignity, that goodness shall adore me, and
the wicked shall die with the remembrance; his falsehood and flattery
shall no more get belief in me. Is this his journey to Rome and to the
Holy Land? are these the fruits of his mail, his staff, and other
ornaments becoming a devout pilgrim? Well, he shall find the reward of
his treason. I will besiege Malepardus instantly, and destroy Reynard
and his generation from the earth for ever." [Illustration: REYNARD
ATTACKETH LAPRELL THE RABBIT.] When Grimbard heard this, he grew
exceedingly sorry, and stealing from the rest, he made all haste to
Malepardus, and told to his uncle all that had happened. Reynard
received him with great courtesy, and the next morning accompanied him
back to court, confessing on his way many heinous sins, and obtaining
absolution from the badger. The King received him with a severe and
stately countenance, and immediately asked him touching the complaint of
Laprell the Rabbit. To which Reynard made answer: "Indeed, sire, what
Laprell received he most richly deserved. I gave him a cake when he was
hungry; and when my little son Rossel wanted to share a bit, the rabbit
struck him on the mouth and m

[Gnuplot-bugs] Your heart to my own makes the instant reply: But

[Bradigan <amp...@va...>]

And _I_ halve your blessedness with you again! "Don't think that my
hardships are bitter to bear; Don't think I repine at the soldier's
rough fare; If ever a thought so unworthy steals on, I look upon
Ashby,--and lo! it is gone! Such chivalry, fortitude, spirit and tone,
Make brighter, and stronger, and prouder, my own. Oh! Beverly, boy!--on
his white steed, I ween, A princelier presence has never been seen; And
as yonder he lies, from the groups all apart, I bow to him loyally,--bow
with my heart. "What brave, buoyant letters you write, sweet!--they ring
Through my soul like the blast of a trumpet, and bring Such a flame to
my eye, such a flush to my cheek,-- That often my hand will
unconsciously seek The hilt of my sword as I read,--and I feel As the
warrior does, when he flashes the steel In fiery circles, and shouts in
his might, For the heroes behind him, to follow its light! True wife of
a soldier!--If doubt or dismay Had ever, within me, one instant held
sway, Your words wield a spell that would bid them be gone, Like bodiles

[Gnuplot-bugs] from her

[Sandstrom <aut...@ea...>]

Honest end, That end's the full reward, and thanks but slubber it; If it
be ill, I will not urge the acquaintance. _Ant_. This has a soul indeed:
pray let me tell ye-- _Cel_. I care not if ye do, so you do it hansomly,
And not stand picking of your words. _Ant_. The King sent 'em. _Cel_.
Away, away, thou art some foolish fellow, And now I think thou hast
stole 'em too: the King sent 'em? Alas good man, wouldst thou make me
believe He has nothing to do with things of these worths, But wantonly
to fling 'em? he's an old man, A good old man, they say too: I dare
swear Full many a y

Re: [Gnuplot-bugs] Bug?

[Tatsuro M. <tma...@ya...>]

Hello

Please read the help for sampling points for function by

gnuplot> help samples

Default samplig points is 100.

It is natural that the graph of pl [0:100] sin(x) is strange.
Please change the sampling  number by 'set sample ......'

Regards

Tatsuro

--- iromaieutico  wrote:

> 
> Hi,
> I'm sorry for my English, but I'm italian... forgive me.
> 
> I'm using Gnuplot 4.0 on Apple Powerbook G4 Mac Os 10.5
> but these same results have been obtained using other version on other
> platforms and other operating sistems such Ubuntu Linux or Windows Vista.
> 
> I was working with a numerical solution of Ordinary Differential
> Equation when I need to type this command:
> 
> pl [0:100] sin(x)
> 
> obtaining a very strange plot.
> 
> Then, I obtained the same problems with
> 
> pl [0:100] cos(x)
> 
> [I tried with Aquatherm and X11]
> 
> If the function domine is more restricted (for example [0:5]) there are
> no problems, but defining a bigger domine gnuplot gives a very strange
> plot... it's not a sinusoid and the maximums are not always 1 !
> 
> Is this a bug, or my bad use?
> 
> Thank you.
> 
> 
> -- 
> La mia chiave di crittografia pubblica 将イ reperibile su
> http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?search=iromaieutico%40autistici.org&op=index
> Info su
> http://www.autistici.org/it/stuff/user_howto/man_mail/privacymail.html
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Let Crystal Reports handle the reporting - Free Crystal Reports 2008 30-Day 
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> _______________________________________________
> gnuplot-bugs mailing list
> gnu...@li...
> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/gnuplot-bugs
> 


--------------------------------------
Thanks 10 years!  Yahoo! Shopping and Yahoo! Auctions
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/ec10years/

[Gnuplot-bugs] Bug?

[iromaieutico <iro...@au...>]

Hi,
I'm sorry for my English, but I'm italian... forgive me.

I'm using Gnuplot 4.0 on Apple Powerbook G4 Mac Os 10.5
but these same results have been obtained using other version on other
platforms and other operating sistems such Ubuntu Linux or Windows Vista.

I was working with a numerical solution of Ordinary Differential
Equation when I need to type this command:

pl [0:100] sin(x)

obtaining a very strange plot.

Then, I obtained the same problems with

pl [0:100] cos(x)

[I tried with Aquatherm and X11]

If the function domine is more restricted (for example [0:5]) there are
no problems, but defining a bigger domine gnuplot gives a very strange
plot... it's not a sinusoid and the maximums are not always 1 !

Is this a bug, or my bad use?

Thank you.


-- 
La mia chiave di crittografia pubblica è reperibile su
http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?search=iromaieutico%40autistici.org&op=index
Info su
http://www.autistici.org/it/stuff/user_howto/man_mail/privacymail.html

[Gnuplot-bugs] eback." His

[Swem <gra...@ke...>]

 had committed an incest, and two or three times, pressing her eagerly
in my arms, I deluged her bosom with my tears. On her part, as she had
never sought pleasure, she had not the stings of remorse. I repeat it,
all her failings were the effect of her errors, never of her passions.
She was well born, her heart was pure, her manners noble, her desires
regular and virtuous, her taste delicate; she seemed formed for that
elegant purity of manners which she ever loved, but never practised,
because instead of listening to the dictates of her heart, she followed
those of her reason, which led her astray: for when once corrupted by
false principles it will ever run counter to its natural sentiments.
Unhappily, she piqued herself on philosophy, and the morals she drew
from thence clouded the genuine purity of her heart. M. Tavel, her first
lover, was also her instructor in this philosophy, and the principles he
instilled into her mind were such as tended to seduce her. Finding her
cold and impregnable on the side of her passions, and firmly attached to
her husband and her duty, he attacked her by sophisms, endeavoring to
prove that the list of duties she thought so sacred, was but a sort of
catechism, fit only for children. That the kind of infidelity she
thought so terrible, was, in itself, absolutely indifferent; that all
the morality of conjugal faith consisted in opinion, the contentment of
husbands being the only reasonable rule of duty in wives; consequently
that concealed infidelities, doing no injury, could be no crime; in a
word, he persuaded her that the sin consisted only in the scandal, that
woman being really virtuous who took care to appear so. Thus the
deceiver obtained his end in the subverting the reason of a girl; whose
heart he found it impossible to corrupt, a

Re: [Gnuplot-bugs] help on contour plot

[Hans-Bernhard B. <HBB...@t-...>]

hania mohamed wrote:

> I would like to plot a data file of 3 columns as a contour plot(density plot).

You're not making terribly much sense.  What's it going to be: a contour 
plot, a density plot, or a colour map?  You say you want the first two, 
but order the third:

> set pm3d map
> set dgrid3d 10,10
> 
>  splot 'myfile'
> ------------------

> But, it is giving me unclear plot, as the data file should plot a
> triangular , but the plot give me some rectangular meshed area and 
> the triangular inside. 

I guess you're not quite aware of that, but: you asked gnuplot to do 
exactly that.  The dgrid3d command transforms your data.  If you didn't 
want that, you shouldn't have used dgrid3d.

[Gnuplot-bugs] n (_F_). Againe when hee set

[Sellen <apo...@wa...>]

, which is 47. degrees. Then reckon that difference vp[~o] the
Semi-circle, beginning at (_A_) & so proceed to (_B_;) & at the end of
that difference, make a marke with the leter (_E_) vnto which point by
your ruler, let a right line be drawne from (_D_) the center of the Semi
circle. This being in this sort performed, let the lesser latitude be
sought out which in 32 degrees, in the fore said semicircle, beginning
your accompt from the point (_E_) and so proceede towards (_B_), and at
the end of the lesser latitude let another point be marked out with the
letter (_G_), from which point, let there be drawen a perpendicular line
which may fall with right Angles vpon the former line drawen from (_D_)
to (_E_), and where it chanceth to fall, there marke out a point with
the letter (_H_): This being performed let the greater latitude which is
51 degrees 32 minuts, be sought out in the semicircle beginning to
reckon from (_A_) towards (_B_) and at the end of that latitude set
another point signed out by the letter (_I_) from whence let there be
drawen another perpendicular line that may fall with right angles vpon
the diameter (_AC_): & here marke out a point with the letter (_K_),
this done take with your compasse the distance betwixt (_K_) and (_H_)
which distance you must set downe vpon the diameter (_AC_) placeing the
one foot of your compasse vpon (_K_) and the other towards the center
(_D_) and there marke out a point with the letter (_L_); then with your
compasse take the shorter perpendicular line (_GH_,) and apply that
widenesse vpon the longer perpendicular line (_IK_,) placing the one
foote of your compasse at (_I_,) which is the bounds of the greater
latitude, and extend the other towards (_K_), and there make a point at
(_M_), then with your compasse take the distance betwixt (_L_) and
(_M_), and apply the same to the semicircle. Placing the one foot of
your compasse in (_A_) and the other towards (_B_), & there marke out a
point with the letter (_N_), now the number of degrees comprehended

[Gnuplot-bugs] help on contour plot

[hania m. <han...@ya...>]

Dear Mr/Mrs

I would be highely grateful if you could help on this.

I would like to plot a data file of 3 columns as a contour plot(density plot).
----------------
set pm3d map
set dgrid3d 10,10

 splot 'myfile'
------------------
But, it is giving me unclear

 plot, as the data file should plot a triangular , but the plot give me some rectangular meshed area and

 the triangular inside. I mean the triangular is surrounding by extra meshed area. How can I eliminate this area?


thanks



              


      

[Gnuplot-bugs] off--thus: "Th

[Meteer E. <in...@se...>]

O his base, it was like an iron-clad coming into port. At first I
appointed men of no rank to act as umpires, but I had to discontinue
that. These people were no easier to please than other nines. The
umpire's first decision was usually his last; they broke him in two with
a bat, and his friends toted him home on a shutter. When it was noticed
that no umpire ever survived a game, umpiring got to be unpopular. So I
was obliged to appoint somebody whose rank and lofty position under the
government would protect him. Here are the names of the nines: BESSEMERS
ULSTERS KING ARTHUR. EMPEROR LUCIUS. KING LOT OF LOTHIAN. KING LOGRIS.
KING OF NORTHGALIS. KING MARHALT OF IRELAND. KING MARSIL. KING
MORGANORE. KING OF LITTLE BRITAIN. KING MARK OF CORNWALL. KING LABOR.
KING NENTRES OF GARLOT. KING PELLAM OF LISTENGESE. KING MELIODAS OF
LIONES. KING BAGDEMAGUS. KING OF THE LAKE. KING TOLLEME LA FEINTES. THE
SOWDAN OF SYRIA. Umpire--CLARENCE. The first public game would cer

[Gnuplot-bugs] Eement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Projec

[Amador A. <thr...@ch...>]

D at the seashore. But no water showed in the bottom of this hole in the
ice. "The ice is good and thick," said Mr. Blake. "It will hold up all
the skaters that will come on this pond." But the children and their
Daddy were the only ones there now. Mr. Blake showed Hal and Mab how to
put on their skates. He made the straps tight for them, and then put on
his own. "Now we will see how well you can skate," said Mr. Blake. "I
can!" cried Hal. "I've watched the big boys do it. I can skate!" "It's
just like roller skating," said Mab, "and I can do that, I know." "Well,
you may find it a little different from roller skating, Mab," her papa
answered with a laugh. "Here I go!" cried Hal. He struck out on the ice,
first with one foot, and then with the other, as he had been used to
doing on his roller skates. And then something happened. Either Hal's
feet slid out from under him, or else the whole frozen surface of the
pond tilted up, and struck him on the head. He was not quite sure which
it was, but it f

[Gnuplot-bugs] ther in proper

[Milan F. <av...@mo...>]

A correct impression. After the leather roller, a composition roller,
such as is used in typographical processes, is employed to make the ink
smooth and give the fine details not obtainable from the rough surface
of a leather roller. A sheet of paper is then placed upon the plate and
by pressure the ink is transferred from the plate to the paper. The
printing, in former years, could only be done on hand presses; but with
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process itself has been so perfected that the finest work can be
executed on them, at the same time insuring greater evenness and
increased quantity of production, and also admitting the use of larger
plates than would be possible on a hand press. The prevailing
impression, whenever machinery is employed to supersede hand-

[Gnuplot-bugs] t is argued that

[Lupe D. <ke...@cp...>]

 may otherwise save a life. In these cases it is difficult to acquit,
and almost impossible to blame; discretion introduced, the line becomes
very hard to draw. I know but one work which has precisely--as at first
appears--the character and object of my Budget. It is the _Review of the
Works of the Royal Society of London_, by Sir John Hill, M.D. (1751 and
1780, 4to.). This man offended many: the Royal Society, by his work, the
medical profession, by inventing and selling extra-pharmacopoeian doses;
Garrick, by resenting the rejection of a play. So Garrick wrote: "For
physic and farces his equal there scarce is; His farces are physic; his
physic a farce is." I have fired at the Royal Society and at the medical
profession, but I have given a wide berth to the drama and its wits; so
there is no epigram out against me, as yet. He was very able and very
eccentric. Dr. Thomson (_Hist. Roy. Soc._) says he has no humor, but Dr.
Thomson was a man who never would have discovered humor. Mr. Weld
(_Hist. Roy. Soc._) backs Dr. Thomson, but with a remar

Re: [Gnuplot-bugs] Gnuplot miscalculates formula badly

[ariadland <ari...@gm...>]

Thanks.

I can't believe I missed that.  I am usually great with number types in
fortran.

Now I feel like an idiot.
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Re: [Gnuplot-bugs] Gnuplot miscalculates formula badly

[Hans-Bernhard B. <HBB...@t-...>]

ariadland wrote:
> I plotted the following function in gnuplot (version 4.2   patch 5)
> 
> plot [.5:1.5] 1/(1/2.9898+94*(-x**2+1)**2*(-x**2+4/3)**2)  
> 
> The resulting figure should have two peaks.  One at x=1,  and one at about
> x=1.2. 

What you want and what you told gnuplot to do doesn't match.  The 
problem, like just about every time this issue comes up, is that you 
missed paragraph 3 of "help expressions"

The function you want is

plot [.5:1.5] 1/(1/2.9898+94*(-x**2+1)**2*(-x**2+4.0/3)**2)

[Gnuplot-bugs] Gnuplot miscalculates formula badly

[ariadland <ari...@gm...>]

I plotted the following function in gnuplot (version 4.2   patch 5)

plot [.5:1.5] 1/(1/2.9898+94*(-x**2+1)**2*(-x**2+4/3)**2)  

The resulting figure should have two peaks.  One at x=1,  and one at about
x=1.2.  Gnuplot, however, just shows one smooth peak.

When I type in

plot [.5:1.5] 1/(1/2.9898+94*(-1.2**2+1)**2*(-1.2**2+4/3)**2)  

gnuplot returns a value that is horribly wrong  (checked by mathematica and
matlab).

Does it have something to do with the division?  I'm not sure,  but this is
a serious flaw.

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培训对象：董事长、CEO、总裁、总经理、人力资源总监、财务总监等
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
【研讨会讲师介绍】

◆郎咸平：香港中文大学首席教授，著名的世界级公司治理专家，曾执教于沃顿
商学院、纽约大学、芝加哥大学  等，原长江商学院首席教授；

◆汪俊宏：企业学习网专家委员会主席，世界级公司治理与战略专家，原美林高
级顾问，为众多世界级企业提供商业模式战略咨询；

◆骆进德：企业学习网首席金融专家，世界级经济和金融专家，原高盛台湾区副
总裁、韩国区总裁，曾主导评估近千个商业模式的可行性；

◆徐廷威：原台湾光宝集团、宏基集团副总裁，资深的人资专家，直接领导台湾
世界500强企业的团队组建，现任维新研究院首席人资专家；

配套专家

20日晚上
18：00-19：25-张浪-讲解商业模式实施的工厂化、可复制的销售流程的建立
19：35-21：00-何磊-讲解商业模式实施的销售流程与客户接触点的体验化设计

21日晚上
18：00-19：25-温伟能-讲解企业转型变革的中层人才生产和可复制模式
19：35-21：00-杨发文-讲解以商业模式为核心，一个客户原则下的整体考核系统
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【研讨会背景】
盘点前半年，透析后半年：2009年的机会只能用“转瞬即逝”来形容，精准的预
测只能看透未来半年。

――郎咸平年中发布下半年经济走势，并讲解未来企业新商业模式的构建。

◆三十年河东，三十年河西：任何一次经济危机本质是经济发展模式改良的必然
过程，企业增长停滞就预示着商业模式需要改良。现在竞争已经不是产品、技术
、人才、营销的单项竞争了，而是系统模式的竞争，模式优则竞争力强，模式弱
，则陷入“被动、无序和恶性竞争”，不知为何失败。
◆为什么乱世更容易出英雄：经济大转型，将使行业领先企业对客户端的直接竞
争优势将不复存在，领先企业和落后企业将在短时间内回到竞争的相同起点。在
这瞬息万变的关口，我们必须把所有精力都放在关注客户、市场和产业的变化，
主动改良或创新商业模式者将获最好的利润，成为新领军人。
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【研讨会内容】
20日全天（郎咸平教授）
第一模块：跳出有形商品陷阱――只有经营商业模式，才能创造无限差异化竞争
◆授课要点：成功企业不可学习的原因是你不懂成功逻辑，只看单一的产品或某
项竞争力，不懂整体模式分析；思维的局限直接影响和制约赢利通路，要围绕“
行业本质”从模式竞争力的视角出发，最后才能胜出。
案例研究：诺基亚/索爱/三星等积累势能端为冲击低端布局，格兰氏的挑战
产品集成化模式⑴：“渐进外溢”――整合产业链，渐进多元化，优化成本结构
产品集成化模式⑵：“以高冲低”――以积累势能为本质，从中低端赚取利润
案例研究：小肥羊/俏江南等中高端餐饮研究，尼路咖啡站在星巴克的肩膀上
商品体验化模式⑴：“流程体验”――以流程扩大市场规模，以体验来分割市场
商品体验化模式⑵：“感观体验”――建立从感观-情感-行动-联系的全体验实践
案例研究：最贵的苹果电脑，最便宜的戴尔电脑，耐克，阿迪达斯，化妆品
品牌精神化模式⑴：“亲密伙伴”――产品人性化的终点就是成为伙伴型依赖
品牌精神化模式⑵：“寄托幻想”――刺中客户幻想神经，创造无限差异空间
第二模块：突破现有市场边界――只有改变商业模式，才能创造无限的市场空间

21日全天（汪俊宏教授）
◆授课要点：在同样诉求上竞争只会杀敌一千自损八百；获得被同行关注的客户
你要付出百分百投入，而获得未被关注或存在抱怨的客户你只要付出一半成本；
客户关注系统的解决方案，而不是行业产品。
◆突破客户边界――只要跳出现有客户，把原来非客户就转为优质客户
第一步：重构客户方法①、找出并分析最小限度购买或考虑购买的客户
第二步：重构客户方法②、关注采购者和使用者不同需求，转变客户定义
◆突破需求边界――只要改变需求定义，让最强的竞争对手也自废武功
第一步：重构需求方法①、选择不同战略族群的关键客户价值，重构需求
第二步：重构需求方法②、改变行业原有诉求点，在功能和情感中转换
◆突破行业边界――只要改变行业规则，小企业也能迅速成为行业先驱
-第一步：重构行业方法①、重组同样功能的不同的产品或服务形式
-第二步：重构行业方法②、研究整合消费者在使用前后的其他服务
第三模块：聚焦商业模式实施――让竞争对手无法跟随，“金融人才”双杠杆推进

22日全天（骆进德/徐廷威）
◆授课要点：为什么很多很好的想法和新模式，原创者反而被模仿者超越？一个
好的商业模式实施关键在于两点：第一，金融杠杆的运用，把模仿者和竞争对手
远远抛在后面；第二，有聚焦性的人力资源策略。
◆用速度创造竞争优势――实现跳跃式发展和商业模式的最大化收益
资金结构增值措施――利用金融杠杆操作，在速度上完全打败竞争对手
资金结构控制措施――指标控制，关键指标可以控制80%的经营健康度
现金增值措施――实现对价值与效率的双重追求，导入边际效益分析模型
现金控制措施――建立“全程资金供应链”全景图与应用操作流程图
◆兵马未动，粮草先行――华人优秀企业中高层人才的培养和管控方案
自创品牌混合型商业模式公司所需之人力资源战略
代工与品牌混合型商业模式公司之人力资源战略
纯代工式商业模式公司之人力资源战略
纯代工设计型商业模式公司之人力资源战略

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