Open Source Linux Programming Languages - Page 3
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Programming Languages for Linux
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AssemblyScript
A TypeScript-like language for WebAssembly
AssemblyScript is a TypeScript-like programming language specifically designed to compile into WebAssembly, enabling developers to write high-performance code using familiar JavaScript syntax. It introduces static typing and low-level control while maintaining compatibility with existing JavaScript tooling and workflows. The language is optimized for generating efficient and compact WebAssembly modules, making it suitable for performance-critical applications in both browser and server environments. Its design bridges the gap between high-level scripting and low-level execution, allowing developers to achieve near-native performance without switching to languages like C or Rust. AssemblyScript integrates with the WebAssembly ecosystem, enabling seamless interaction with JavaScript through standard APIs. It is widely used in scenarios where performance and portability are essential, such as gaming, data processing, and edge computing. -
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Carbon Language
Carbon Language's main repository
Carbon is an experimental successor to C++, developed by Google to serve as a modern, safer, and more evolvable systems programming language—designed to interoperate with C++ while providing clearer language design and tooling. Performance matching C++ using LLVM, with low-level access to bits and addresses. Interoperate with your existing C++ code, from inheritance to templates. Fast and scalable builds that work with your existing C++ build systems. -
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Carp
A functional, systems programming language with linear types
Carp is a statically typed, functional programming language designed for real-time and systems programming. It features a Lisp-like syntax, strong compile-time checks, and linear type semantics that ensure memory safety without a garbage collector. Carp targets C as its backend, generating performant and predictable native code while offering functional abstractions and interactive development via REPL. -
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Lombok
New additions to the Java programming language
Project Lombok is a java library that automatically plugs into your editor and build tools, spicing up your java. Never write another getter or equals method again, with one annotation your class has a fully featured builder, Automate your logging variables, and much more. Project Lombok is available as a single jar file on the project site. It includes the APIs for development as an installer for IDE integration. On most systems, simply double-clicking the jar file will launch the installer. The installer will attempt to detect the location of a supported IDE. If it cannot correctly determine where the IDE is installed, the location can be specified manually. Simply click "Install/Update," and IDE integration is complete. There are a number of annotations in Project Lombok to allow for more fine grained control over the structure and behavior of a class. -
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Perl 5
The Perl programming language
This repository contains the reference implementation of the Perl 5 programming language, including the interpreter, core modules, build system, and an extensive test suite. Perl 5 is a multi-paradigm language renowned for powerful text processing, rich regular expressions, and pragmatic glue code across systems. The core distribution is highly portable, building on Unix, Linux, Windows, and many other platforms, with stable release cycles and careful back-compatibility. A C API (XS) and embedding APIs allow tight integration with native libraries and host applications, while the CPAN ecosystem supplies hundreds of thousands of reusable modules. Development emphasizes robust tests (t/), meticulous changelogs, and tooling like perldoc to keep the language approachable and dependable. In practice, Perl 5 remains a workhorse for sysadmin automation, data munging, web services, and any task where flexible, expressive text handling is paramount. -
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gluon
A static, type inferred and embeddable language written in Rust
Gluon is a static, type inferred and embeddable language written in Rust. Gluon is a small, statically-typed, functional programming language designed for application embedding. Static typing makes it easier to write safe and efficient interfaces between gluon and the host application. Type inference ensures that types rarely have to be written explicitly giving all the benefits of static types with none of the typing. Marshalling values to and from gluon requires next to no boilerplate, allowing functions defined in Rust to be directly passed to gluon. Gluon supports Unicode out of the box with utf-8 encoded strings and Unicode codepoints as characters. Gluon is a garbage-collected language but uses a separate heap for each executing gluon thread. This keeps each heap small, reducing the overhead of the garbage collector. Gluon is written in Rust, which guarantees thread safety. Gluon keeps the same guarantees, allowing multiple gluon programs to run in parallel. -
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SuperCollider
Real-time audio synthesis engine and music programming language
N.B. SuperCollider is now hosted at GitHub, and the most recent versions can be downloaded from there. http://supercollider.github.io A real time audio synthesis engine, and an object-oriented programming language specialised for music. SuperCollider was created in 1996 by James McCartney, now (since version 3) released as free software. -
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Beef Programming Language
Beef Programming Language
Beef is a high-performance multi-paradigm open source programming language with a focus on developer productivity. The Beef Development Tools include an IDE with a general-purpose debugger capable of debugging native applications written in any language. The IDE supports productivity features such as autocomplete, fix-its, reformatting, refactoring tools, type inspection, hot compilation, and a built-in profiler. Beef allows for safely mixing different optimization levels on a per-type or per-method level, allowing for performance-critical code to be executed at maximum speed without affecting the debuggability of the rest of the application. Beef can detect memory leaks in real-time. As with most safety features in Beef, this can be turned off in Release builds for performance-critical applications. The Beef IDE supports productivity features such as autocomplete, fixits, reformatting, refactoring tools, type inspection, runtime code compilation (hot code swapping). -
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Prompt Declaration Language
Prompt Declaration Language is a declarative prompt programming lang
LLMs will continue to change the way we build software systems. They are not only useful as coding assistants, providing snipets of code, explanations, and code transformations, but they can also help replace components that could only previously be achieved with rule-based systems. Whether LLMs are used as coding assistants or software components, reliability remains an important concern. LLMs have a textual interface and the structure of useful prompts is not captured formally. Programming frameworks do not enforce or validate such structures since they are not specified in a machine-consumable way. The purpose of the Prompt Declaration Language (PDL) is to allow developers to specify the structure of prompts and to enforce it, while providing a unified programming framework for composing LLMs with rule-based systems. -
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Pyro
Deep universal probabilistic programming with Python and PyTorch
Pyro is a flexible, universal probabilistic programming language (PPL) built on PyTorch. It allows for expressive deep probabilistic modeling, combining the best of modern deep learning and Bayesian modeling. Pyro is centered on four main principles: Universal, Scalable, Minimal and Flexible. Pyro is universal in that it can represent any computable probability distribution. It scales easily to large datasets with minimal overhead, and has a small yet powerful core of composable abstractions that make it both agile and maintainable. Lastly, Pyro gives you the flexibility of automation when you want it, and control when you need it. -
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SpinalHDL
Scala based HDL
SpinalHDL is a hardware description (HDL) framework embedded in Scala, enabling hardware designers to build digital circuits with modern programming abstractions. Instead of writing in Verilog or VHDL directly, users describe hardware components and their interconnects using Scala code and Spinal’s domain-specific library, which then emits synthesizable hardware (e.g. as Verilog). Because SpinalHDL is embedded in Scala, it allows reuse of functional abstractions, parameterization, modular composition, and higher-level constructs to manage complexity. It supports building systems at various levels—single modules, pipelines, memories, controllers, etc.—while letting the designer control timing, pipelining, and resource sharing explicitly. The generated hardware can be synthesized for FPGAs or ASIC flows, making it practical for real designs. -
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Triton
Development repository for the Triton language and compiler
Triton is a programming language and compiler framework specifically designed for writing highly efficient custom deep learning operations, particularly for GPUs. It aims to bridge the gap between low-level GPU programming, such as CUDA, and higher-level abstractions by providing a more productive and flexible environment for developers. Triton enables users to write optimized kernels for machine learning workloads while maintaining readability and control over performance-critical aspects like memory access patterns and parallel execution. The project leverages LLVM and MLIR to compile code into efficient GPU instructions, supporting both NVIDIA and AMD hardware. It is widely used in research and production environments where custom tensor operations are required, offering both high performance and developer-friendly syntax. -
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stylus
Expressive, robust, feature-rich CSS language built for nodejs
Stylus is a revolutionary new language, providing an efficient, dynamic, and expressive way to generate CSS. Supporting both an indented syntax and regular CSS style. Installing Stylus is very easy once you have Node.js. So get the binaries for your platform and make sure that they also include npm, Node’s package manager. Stylus features powerful in-language function definitions. Function definitions appear identical to mixins; however, functions may return a value. Optional arguments may default to a given expression. With Stylus we may even default arguments to earlier arguments! Stylus is an innovative stylesheet language that compiles down to CSS. Inspired by SASS, Stylus is built with node.js and capable of running in the browser. Stylus is “pythonic” (i.e. indentation-based). Whitespace is significant, so we substitute { and } with an indent, and an outdent. Stylus, just like CSS, allows you to define properties for several selectors at once through comma separation. -
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X11-Basic
A BASIC interpreter and compiler with graphics.
X11-Basic is a dialect of the BASIC programming language with graphics capability that integrates features like shell scripting, cgi-Programming and full graphical visualisation into the easy to learn basic language on modern computers. -
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Edward
A probabilistic programming language in TensorFlow
A library for probabilistic modeling, inference, and criticism. Edward is a Python library for probabilistic modeling, inference, and criticism. It is a testbed for fast experimentation and research with probabilistic models, ranging from classical hierarchical models on small data sets to complex deep probabilistic models on large data sets. Edward fuses three fields, Bayesian statistics and machine learning, deep learning, and probabilistic programming. Edward is built on TensorFlow. It enables features such as computational graphs, distributed training, CPU/GPU integration, automatic differentiation, and visualization with TensorBoard. Expectation-Maximization, pseudo-marginal and ABC methods, and message passing algorithms. -
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Faust
Functional programming language for signal processing
Faust (Functional Audio Stream) is a functional programming language for sound synthesis and audio processing with a strong focus on the design of synthesizers, musical instruments, audio effects, etc. Faust targets high-performance signal processing applications and audio plug-ins for a variety of platforms and standards. The core component of Faust is its compiler. It allows to "translate" any Faust digital signal processing (DSP) specification to a wide range of non-domain specific languages such as C++, C, LLVM bit code, WebAssembly, Rust, etc. In this regard, Faust can be seen as an alternative to C++ but is much simpler and more intuitive to learn. Thanks to a wrapping system called "architectures," codes generated by Faust can be easily compiled into a wide variety of objects ranging from audio plug-ins to standalone applications or smartphone and web apps, etc. -
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Fennel
Lua Lisp Language
Fennel is a programming language that brings together the speed, simplicity and reach of Lua with the flexibility of a lisp syntax and macro system. Full Lua compatibility: Easily call any Lua function or library from Fennel and vice-versa. Zero overhead: Compiled code should be just as efficient as hand-written Lua. Compile-time macros: Ship compiled code with no runtime dependency on Fennel. Embeddable: Fennel is a one-file library as well as an executable. Embed it in other programs to support runtime extensibility and interactive development. Anywhere you can run Lua code, you can run Fennel code. Fennel is a lisp that compiles to Lua. It aims to be easy to use, expressive and has almost zero overhead compared to writing Lua directly. Building Fennel from source allows you to use versions of Fennel that haven't been released, and it makes contributing to Fennel easier. -
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Gravity language
Gravity Programming Language
Gravity is a powerful, dynamically typed, lightweight, embeddable programming language written in C without any external dependencies (except for stdlib). It is a class-based concurrent scripting language with modern Swift-like syntax. Gravity supports procedural programming, object-oriented programming, functional programming, and data-driven programming. Thanks to special built-in methods, it can also be used as a prototype-based programming language. Gravity has been developed from scratch for the Creo project in order to offer an easy way to write portable code for the iOS and Android platforms. It is written in portable C code that can be compiled on any platform using a C99 compiler. The VM code is about 4K lines long, the multipass compiler code is about 7K lines and the shared code is about 3K lines long. The compiler and virtual machine combined add less than 200KB to the executable on a 64-bit system. -
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Halide
A language for fast, portable data-parallel computation
Halide is a programming language for fast, portable data-parallel computation. It was designed to make writing high-performance image and array processing code much easier on modern machines. It works on all major operating systems and with several CPU architectures (X86, ARM, MIPS, Hexagon, PowerPC) and GPU Compute APIs (CUDA, OpenCL, OpenGL, among others). It isn't a standalone programming language however; rather it is embedded in C++ which means that you write C++ code, building an in-memory representation of a Halide pipeline using Halide's C++ API. This representation can then be compiled to an object file, or a JIT-compile and run in the same process. Halide also comes with a Python binding, allowing the writing of Halide embedded in Python without C++. -
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Inform
The core software distribution for the Inform 7 programming language
Inform is the core distribution of a powerful programming language and design system created for writing interactive fiction, where authors describe stories as text adventure games that players explore through typed commands. The language is distinctive for its natural-language-inspired syntax that reads almost like English, allowing storytellers to define rooms, objects, characters, and narrative logic in an intuitive way that emphasizes expressive clarity and literary structure. When you write in Inform, the source code is compiled into playable story files that run on interactive fiction virtual machines such as Z-machine or Glulx, enabling classic text-based gameplay with modern tooling. Inform handles the underlying complexities of text parsing, world modeling, state management, and player input, so authors can focus on narrative design rather than low-level engine details. -
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Lux
The Lux Programming Language
Lux is a new programming language in the making. It's meant to be a functional, statically-typed Lisp that will run on several platforms, such as the Java Virtual Machine and JavaScript, Python, Lua, or Ruby interpreters. Lux is in the beta stage. The JVM compiler is pretty stable and the standard library has grown to a respectable size. Also, new experimental support for JavaScript, Python, Lua, and Ruby has been added. Read carefully before using this project, as the license disallows commercial use, and has other conditions which may be undesirable for some. The language is mostly inspired by the following 3 languages. Clojure (syntax, overall look & feel), Haskell (functional programming), and Standard ML (module system). They are implemented as plain-old data-structures whose expressions get eval'ed by the compiler and integrated into the type-checker. The main difference between Lux & Standard ML is that Standard ML separates interfaces/signatures and implementations/structures. -
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Rakudo
Rakudo – Raku on MoarVM, JVM, and JS
This is Rakudo, a Raku Programming Language compiler for the MoarVM, JVM, and Javascript virtual machines. Rakudo is distributed under the terms of the Artistic License 2.0. For more details, see the full text of the license in the file LICENSE. This directory contains only the Rakudo compiler itself; it does not contain any of the modules, documentation, or other items that would normally come with a full Raku distribution. If you're after more than just the bare compiler, please download the latest Rakudo Star package. -
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SuperCollider
Audio server, programming language, and IDE for sound synthesis
SuperCollider is a platform for audio synthesis and algorithmic composition, used by musicians, artists, and researchers working with sound. It is free and open source software available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. scsynth, a real-time audio server, forms the core of the platform. It features 400+ unit generators (“UGens”) for analysis, synthesis, and processing. Its granularity allows the fluid combination of many known and unknown audio techniques, moving between additive and subtractive synthesis, FM, granular synthesis, FFT, and physical modeling. You can write your own UGens in C++, and users have already contributed several hundred more to the sc3-plugins repository. sclang, an interpreted programming language. It is focused on sound, but not limited to any specific domain. sclang controls scsynth via Open Sound Control. You can use it for algorithmic composition and sequencing, finding new sound synthesis methods, connecting your app to external hardware. -
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ELENA Programming Language
an object-oriented language with late binding
ELENA is a general-purpose, pure object-oriented language with late binding. It promotes more object-oriented program design, reusable and more standardized code. The package includes compiler, IDE, ELENA libraries and samples -
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