In OF23x, the multiphase models specify the variables of the different phases using a dot, such as U.water, alpha.air. This dot can not by parsed by the swak4foam parser, for example when the following is calculated
UwaterSF
{
 type expressionField;
 outputControlMode outputTime;
 outputInterval 1;
 fieldName UwaterSF;
 expression "U*alpha.water";
 autowrite true;
}
~ 
---- additional_information ----
Output of the parse of the above expressionFiel is
--> FOAM FATAL ERROR: 
 Parser Error for driver FieldValueExpressionDriver at "1.3-7" :"field alpha not existing or of wrong type"
"U*alpha.water"
 ^^^^^
----| 
Context of the error:
- Driver constructed from scratch
 Evaluating expression "U*alpha.water"
 From function parsingValue
 in file lnInclude/CommonValueExpressionDriverI.H at line 1188.
FOAM exiting
And example based on the weirOverflow interFoam tutorial is added to the report
This is known. The problem is that OpenFOAM-words allow a lot of characters that the parser uses for other purposes (I think even +). Letting the parser accept these would either result in a rather weird expression syntax or a very ugly parser code. For this reason there is a workaround implemented in the parser since two versions back: the aliases-table (this is documented in the incomplete reference manual).
In your example add
aliases {
 alphaWater alpha.water;
}
to the specification directory. Then alphaWater in your expression will transparently use alpha.water