LIGGGHTS
LIGGGHTS is an open source Discrete Element Method particle simulation tool for modeling particulate materials, with a focus on industrial granular and granular heat-transfer simulations. LIGGGHTS stands for “LAMMPS improved for general granular and granular heat transfer simulations,” and it builds on the LAMMPS molecular dynamics platform to extend DEM capabilities toward practical industrial applications. It can be used to simulate systems where material behavior emerges from the motion, collision, friction, cohesion, heat transfer, and interaction of individual particles. It is suitable for analyzing powders, grains, bulk solids, particulate flows, packed beds, conveying systems, mixing processes, hopper discharge, material handling, and other granular systems where particle-scale behavior matters. LIGGGHTS is currently used by research institutions and companies worldwide for the simulation of particulate materials, especially where open source flexibility.
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MFiX
MFiX, or Multiphase Flow with Interphase eXchanges, is an open source multiphase flow solver and NETL’s flagship suite of computational fluid dynamics tool for modeling reacting multiphase flows. It has become a standard for comparing, implementing, and evaluating multiphase flow constitutive models, and has been applied to a diverse range of multiphase flow devices and industrial systems. MFiX provides multiple modeling approaches, including a Two-Fluid Model, Discrete Element Model, Coarse-Grained Particle DEM, Superquadric Particle DEM, Glued-Sphere Particle DEM, Particle-in-Cell model, hybrid methods, and a single-phase solver for pure granular flows. These models can be used to simulate gasifiers, circulating fluidized bed combustors, fluidized beds, fluid catalytic crackers, chemical looping combustion systems, and other particle-fluid systems involving hydrodynamics, heat transfer, species transport, and chemical reactions.
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ESPResSo
ESPResSo, the Extensible Simulation Package for Research on Soft Matter, is a highly versatile open source simulation package for performing and analyzing scientific molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo many-particle simulations. It is designed as a universal tool for simulating a variety of soft matter systems, especially coarse-grained atomistic or bead-spring models used in physics, chemistry, molecular biology, and process engineering. ESPResSo can be used to simulate polymers, liquid crystals, colloids, polyelectrolytes, ferrofluids, gels, biological systems, DNA, lipid membranes, bacterial motion, and super-capacitors. In coarse-grained models, a group of atoms or molecules is treated as a single bead, allowing researchers to investigate larger time and length scales than would be practical with fully atomistic simulations. ESPResSo supports classical molecular dynamics simulations in different statistical ensembles.
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GROMACS
GROMACS is a free and open source suite for high-performance molecular dynamics and output analysis. It is a versatile package for simulating the Newtonian equations of motion for systems with hundreds to millions of particles, with a strong focus on materials modeling, biomolecular simulation, and particle-based systems. GROMACS is primarily designed for biochemical molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which involve many complicated bonded interactions, but its speed in calculating nonbonded interactions also makes it useful for non-biological systems such as polymers and other materials. It can model ensembles of particles in liquid, solid, or gaseous states and supports a wide range of molecular dynamics workflows, from basic energy minimization and equilibration to production simulations and detailed trajectory analysis.
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