Open Source Programming Languages - Page 5
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Human Speakable Programming Language
foundation of the General Intelligence Operating System
HSPL is Human Speakable Programming Language, allowing for communication between human-to-computer and human-to-human in the same language. This project has moved to http://sourceforge.net/p/spel We are currently working on human-to-computer programming-language with mostly English base vocabulary. Though once we have that, we plan to add support for other world Languages, including Chinese, Spanish, Russian, Arabic, Hindi, among others. Eventually HSPL shall be the foundation of GIOS the General Intelligence Operating System. Which is an open source operating system, that can be used for intelligent robots, computers and technological host-bodies. Regularly post on blog about HSPL at http://weyounet.info/?s=hspl -
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Jason is a fully-fledged interpreter for an extended version of AgentSpeak, a BDI agent-oriented logic programming language, and is implemented in Java. Using JADE a multi-agent system can be distributed over a network effortlessly. This project was moved to https://jason-lang.github.io
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Autocxx
Tool for safe ergonomic Rust/C++ interop driven from existing C++
autocxx is an open source Rust tool and procedural macro designed to enable automatic, safe interoperability between C++ and Rust. It integrates the functionality of bindgen (for parsing and generating Rust bindings from C++ headers) with cxx (for safe and idiomatic Rust–C++ communication), automating the creation of bridges between the two languages. With autocxx, developers can include C++ headers directly in Rust source code and automatically generate bindings for the corresponding C++ classes, functions, and types. This approach greatly simplifies working with existing C++ libraries in Rust while maintaining safety and memory correctness. By reducing the amount of boilerplate and manual configuration typically needed for FFI (Foreign Function Interface) bindings, autocxx allows developers to focus on higher-level logic rather than low-level integration details. -
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CoffeeLint
Lint your CoffeeScript
coffeelint is a linter for CoffeeScript code, analyzing style, syntax, potential errors, and code consistency issues. It scans CoffeeScript files for patterns such as missing semicolons, inconsistent indentation, unused variables, suspicious constructs, and bad practices, and reports warnings or errors. The tool is configurable via a ruleset file so projects can tailor which rules to enforce and which to allow or warn only. Because CoffeeScript’s syntax can mask subtle errors or ambiguity, a linter helps catch mistakes early (before runtime) and encourages consistent code style across teams. The project supports various output formats (plain text, JSON) so results can be consumed in editors, CI systems, or integrated developer tools. It targets CoffeeScript codebases, especially those in Node.js or frontend toolchains, to improve code quality and reduce debugging overhead. -
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Eta
The Eta Programming Language, a dialect of Haskell on the JVM
A powerful programming language to build concurrent & distributed systems on the JVM. Eta is a pure, lazy, strongly typed functional programming language on the JVM. It brings two big ecosystems, the JVM and Haskell, together. This allows you to harness the best of both ecosystems to build your applications quickly and effectively. Eta's concurrency support helps you to build highly scalable systems. Eta has a strongly-typed Foreign Function Interface (FFI) that allows you to safely interoperate with Java. Eta has global type inference, giving you a dynamic language experience, but with a strong typing hidden underneath. Eta offers a wide range of strategies for handling concurrency including Software Transaction Memory (STM), MVars, and Fibers. Using the powerful and type-safe Servant web framework, we define our API as a type and the handler types for each endpoint are automatically generated and conversions happen automatically. -
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Eve
Better tools for thought
Eve is a programming language and IDE based on years of research into building a human-first programming platform. From code embedded in documents to a language without order, it presents an alternative take on what programming could be - one that focuses on us instead of the machine. We've made tremendous advancements since the early days of programming, but the modern form still forces us into the role of bit shifting machines. Programming has always been for us - the humans tapping at keyboards. The computer doesn't care what syntax or semantics we use or how error messages are phrased. Those are for you and me. And this is how we treat ourselves. -
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Fennel
Lua Lisp Language
Fennel is a programming language that brings together the speed, simplicity and reach of Lua with the flexibility of a lisp syntax and macro system. Full Lua compatibility: Easily call any Lua function or library from Fennel and vice-versa. Zero overhead: Compiled code should be just as efficient as hand-written Lua. Compile-time macros: Ship compiled code with no runtime dependency on Fennel. Embeddable: Fennel is a one-file library as well as an executable. Embed it in other programs to support runtime extensibility and interactive development. Anywhere you can run Lua code, you can run Fennel code. Fennel is a lisp that compiles to Lua. It aims to be easy to use, expressive and has almost zero overhead compared to writing Lua directly. Building Fennel from source allows you to use versions of Fennel that haven't been released, and it makes contributing to Fennel easier. -
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Higher Order Kind
A modern proof language
A Kubernetes-based tool for creating local clusters, ideal for testing and CI/CD. -
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Hy
A dialect of Lisp that's embedded in Python
Hy is a multi-paradigm general-purpose programming language in the Lisp family. It’s implemented as a kind of alternative syntax for Python. Compared to Python, Hy offers a variety of extra features, generalizations, and syntactic simplifications, as would be expected of a Lisp. Compared to other Lisps, Hy provides direct access to Python’s built-ins and third-party Python libraries, while allowing you to freely mix imperative, functional, and object-oriented styles of programming. The first thing a Python programmer will notice about Hy is that it has Lisp’s traditional parenthesis-heavy prefix syntax in place of Python’s C-like infix syntax. As in other Lisps, the value of a simplistic syntax is that it facilitates Lisp’s signature feature, metaprogramming through macros, which are functions that manipulate code objects at compile-time to produce new code objects, which are then executed as if they had been part of the original code. -
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Learn Go
Master the fundamentals and advanced features of the Go language
Learn Go is a learning-focused repository built to teach Go from first principles through more advanced language and ecosystem features. It takes a course-like approach, starting with environment setup and the “Hello world” basics, then moving into variables, types, formatting, control flow, and functions. From there, it expands into Go’s practical structure for real projects, including modules, packages, and workspaces, plus useful commands for building and working with programs. The content is designed to make Go’s priorities tangible: simplicity, reliability, and efficiency, while still giving you enough depth to write idiomatic code. It also anchors learning in credible references, pointing to official documentation, the Go blog, and widely used learning resources. In practice, it serves as a guided path you can follow linearly or revisit as a reference when you hit common Go questions in day-to-day work. -
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Mega Project List
List of practical projects that anyone can solve in any prog language
Mega Project List by Karan Goel is a massive list of practical programming project ideas that anyone can solve in any programming language, organized into logical categories (Numbers, Classic Algorithms, Data Structures, Text, Networking, Web, Files, Graphics & Multimedia, Security, etc.). The concept is simple but powerful: instead of just memorizing algorithms, you pick a project (for example “Binary to Decimal and Back Converter”), implement it in your favorite language, and gradually build a portfolio of varied programming tasks. The repository has been widely referenced as a go-to for developers looking for ideas to practice, build side-projects, or create interview-prep exercises. Each entry is described in plain language, often with optional “added complexity” suggestions. The repo encourages contributions: you can add new projects, or strip duplicate items, and you can choose any language to implement. -
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PLT (Programming Languages Theory)
Programming Language Theory
Curated roadmap to Programming Language Theory, collecting seminal papers, books, and resources into a navigable structure for self-study. It spans foundational topics like lambda calculus, type systems, interpreters, compilers, and formal semantics, while also pointing to contemporary areas such as effect systems, dependent types, and verification. Each section clusters materials by theme so learners can build understanding step by step instead of grazing at random. The list emphasizes primary sources and high-quality lectures, encouraging readers to engage with rigorous treatments rather than superficial summaries. It’s designed to serve both as a starting guide for newcomers and as a reference index for experienced practitioners, filling in gaps. By treating PL theory as an accessible, progressive curriculum, the repository lowers the barrier to serious study without diluting the subject. -
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Pipelines
An experimental programming language for data flow
Pipelines is a language and runtime for crafting massively parallel pipelines. Unlike other languages for defining data flow, the Pipeline language requires the implementation of components to be defined separately in the Python scripting language. This allows the details of implementations to be separated from the structure of the pipeline while providing access to thousands of active libraries for machine learning, data analysis, and processing. -
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Pkl
A configuration as code language with rich validation and tooling
pkl is a purpose-built configuration-as-code language developed by Apple that combines declarative structure, validation, and tooling to improve over traditional configuration formats like JSON, YAML, or Plists. Its goal is to let you write configuration logic (modules, imports, conditions, defaults) while still producing static outputs suitable for tools that expect JSON, YAML, or other formats. Configurations in Pkl are type-safe and support validation constraints (e.g. bounds, relations) so many errors can be caught before deployment. The language is embeddable, meaning it can run inside applications (Java, Swift, Go, etc.) to load configuration dynamically with the same safety guarantees. There’s also code generation support: writing Pkl modules can generate matching classes or data structures in target languages (Swift, Go, Java, Kotlin) so runtime config and statically typed code stay in sync. -
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PureScript
A strongly-typed language that compiles to JavaScript
Compile to readable JavaScript and reuse existing JavaScript code easily. An extensive collection of libraries for development of web applications, web servers, apps and more. Excellent tooling and editor support with instant rebuilds. An active community with many learning resources. Build real-world applications using functional techniques and expressive types, such as: Algebraic data types and pattern matching. Row polymorphism and extensible records. Higher kinded types and type classes with functional dependencies, as well as higher-rank polymorphism. Precompiled binaries are available for OSX, Linux, and Windows. The Pursuit package database hosts searchable documentation for PureScript packages. The recommended build tool for PureScript is Spago, which can be installed using npm. -
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Quine Relay
An uroboros program with 100+ programming languages
quine-relay is an esoteric programming project that produces a single program which, when run, outputs the same program in another programming language; and that next-language version, when run, outputs itself in yet another language—and so on—cycling through many languages until returning to the original. It is effectively a “relay” of quines across dozens (or hundreds) of languages. The repository contains implementations, translation scaffolding, and carefully crafted code for each hand-rolled segment so the program maintains correctness across languages. Achieving this requires delicate handling of language-specific quoting, escaping, and code-gen tricks, making it a showcase of language theory, compiler insight, and meta-programming prowess. It is largely a playful, academic exercise exploring the limits of language interoperability and quine construction rather than a utility tool. -
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R Source
Read-only mirror of R source code
The wch/r-source repository is a read-only mirror of the official R language source code, maintained to reflect the upstream Subversion (SVN) R core development tree. This mirror provides public visibility into R’s internals—everything from the interpreter, base and recommended packages, documentation, and C/Fortran code under the hood. It is updated hourly to stay in sync with the upstream SVN. Although it mirrors the R source for browsing and reference, it is not the “canonical development repo* (i.e. you can’t submit pull requests via that mirror). The repository includes build instructions, the full directory structure (src, src/library, doc, etc.), licensing information (GPL-2.0), and documentation. Developers, package authors, and curious users often browse this mirror to inspect implementation details, debug issues, or see how base functions are implemented in C or Fortran. -
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Rakudo
Rakudo – Raku on MoarVM, JVM, and JS
This is Rakudo, a Raku Programming Language compiler for the MoarVM, JVM, and Javascript virtual machines. Rakudo is distributed under the terms of the Artistic License 2.0. For more details, see the full text of the license in the file LICENSE. This directory contains only the Rakudo compiler itself; it does not contain any of the modules, documentation, or other items that would normally come with a full Raku distribution. If you're after more than just the bare compiler, please download the latest Rakudo Star package. -
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The Swift Programming Language Chinese
The Swift Programming Language in Chinese
The Chinese version of Apple's official Swift tutorial "The Swift Programming Language" Swift is a fantastic way to write software, whether it’s for phones, desktops, servers, or anything else that runs code. It’s a safe, fast, and interactive programming language that combines the best in modern language thinking with wisdom from the wider Apple engineering culture and the diverse contributions from its open-source community. The compiler is optimized for performance and the language is optimized for development, without compromising on either. Swift is friendly to new programmers. It’s an industrial-quality programming language that’s as expressive and enjoyable as a scripting language. Writing Swift code in a playground lets you experiment with code and see the results immediately, without the overhead of building and running an app. -
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TypeSpec
Language for defining cloud service APIs and shapes
TypeSpec is a language for defining cloud service APIs and shapes. TypeSpec is a highly extensible language with primitives that can describe API shapes common among REST, OpenAPI, gRPC, and other protocols. TypeSpec is excellent for generating many different API description formats, client and service codes, documentation, and many other assets. All this while keeping your TypeSpec definition as a single source of truth. Using TypeSpec, you can create reusable patterns for all aspects of an API and package those reusable patterns into libraries. These patterns establish "guardrails" for API designers and make it easier to follow best practices than to deviate from them. TypeSpec also has a rich linter framework with the ability to flag anti-patterns as well as an emitter framework that lets you control the output to ensure it follows the patterns you want. -
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Vale
Compiler for the Vale programming language
Vale is a systems programming language and compiler that strives to combine performance, safety, and ease in a way that avoids many of the complexities of traditional memory management techniques. It is ahead-of-time (AOT) compiled, targeting LLVM as a backend, and is statically typed. The language introduces a concept called generational references to provide memory safety without relying on a garbage collector, and aims for “safe without a borrow checker” (i.e. reducing the burden on the programmer). Vale also pursues what they call Fearless FFI to make foreign function interface (e.g. interoperating with C libraries) safer and less error-prone. The language supports single ownership semantics (so values have a unique owner, which simplifies reasoning) while also enabling aliasing under controlled circumstances. -
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Vercel Zero
The programming language for agents
Zero is an experimental programming language from Vercel Labs designed with AI agents as first-class users. The project explores what a language, tooling system, and standard library might look like if agents need to read, debug, repair, and ship code reliably. It focuses on a small and regular language surface, structured diagnostics, predictable tooling, and machine-readable outputs. Zero is still pre-1 and intentionally unstable, so its syntax and APIs are meant for exploration rather than production use. The project includes commands for checking, running, building, graph inspection, size reporting, diagnostics, and repair-oriented workflows. Its main goal is to create a systems-oriented language environment that agents can understand and act on without relying only on human-readable compiler messages. -
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Wren
Wren is a small, fast, class-based concurrent scripting language
Think Smalltalk in a Lua-sized package with a dash of Erlang and wrapped up in a familiar, modern syntax. The VM implementation is under 4,000 semicolons. You can skim the whole thing in an afternoon. It's small, but not dense. It is readable and lovingly commented. A fast single-pass compiler to tight bytecode and a compact object representation help Wren compete with other dynamic languages. There are lots of scripting languages out there, but many have unusual or non-existent object models. Wren places classes front and center. Lightweight fibers are core to the execution model and let you organize your program into an army of communicating coroutines. Wren is intended for embedding in applications. It has no dependencies, a small standard library, and an easy-to-use C API. It compiles cleanly as C99, C++98 or anything later. -
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Zen C
Write like a high-level language, run like C
Zen C is a minimal yet expressive implementation of the C programming language that aims to balance simplicity with practical capability, making it ideal for educational use, language experimentation, and small-scale systems programming. It provides a clean syntax and semantics that closely mirror classic C while enforcing stricter rules to eliminate common pitfalls like undefined behaviors or hidden conversions that often cause bugs. Zen-C includes a lightweight compiler front-end and runtime that can target multiple platforms, enabling users to compile and run code on both desktop and embedded environments without heavy tooling. Because it prioritizes clarity and predictability, the language makes it easier for learners to understand core systems concepts while still accessing low-level memory control and performance. -
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choosenim
Tool for installing and managing multiple versions of Nim language
choosenim is a version manager for the Nim programming language, allowing users to install, update, and switch between different versions of Nim easily.
