Perhaps the Qt requirement got bumped again for 0.9.7, I get this with Qt-4.4.3:
[ 42%] Building CXX object libavogadro/src/extensions/CMakeFiles/forcefieldextension.dir/constraintsdialog.cpp.o
cd /build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu/libavogadro/src/extensions && /usr/bin/g++ -D_BSD_SOURCE -DHAVE_GCC_VISIBILITY -DENABLE_PYTHON -DENABLE_GLSL -DQT_DLL -DQT_OPENGL_LIB -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_NETWORK_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_DLL -DQT_PLUGIN -DQT_SHARED -DQT_NO_DEBUG -Dforcefieldextension_EXPORTS -g -O2 -g -Wall -O2 -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -fpermissive -O2 -DNDEBUG -DQT_NO_DEBUG_OUTPUT -fPIC -I/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu/libavogadro/include -I/usr/include/qt4 -I/usr/include/qt4/QtOpenGL -I/usr/include/qt4/QtGui -I/usr/include/qt4/QtNetwork -I/usr/include/qt4/QtCore -I/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu/libavogadro/src -I/usr/include/eigen2 -I/usr/include/openbabel-2.0 -I/usr/include/python2.5 -I/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/libavogadro/src/extensions/.. -I/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu/libavogadro/src/extensions -o CMakeFiles/forcefieldextension.dir/constraintsdialog.cpp.o -c /build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/libavogadro/src/extensions/constraintsdialog.cpp
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/libavogadro/src/extensions/constraintsdialog.cpp: In constructor 'Avogadro::ConstraintsDialog::ConstraintsDialog(QWidget*, Qt::WindowFlags)':
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/libavogadro/src/extensions/constraintsdialog.cpp:54: error: invalid use of incomplete type 'struct QHeaderView'
/usr/include/qt4/QtGui/qtableview.h:51: error: forward declaration of 'struct QHeaderView'
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/libavogadro/src/extensions/constraintsdialog.cpp:54: error: incomplete type 'QHeaderView' used in nested name specifier
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/libavogadro/src/extensions/constraintsdialog.cpp:56: error: invalid use of incomplete type 'struct QHeaderView'
/usr/include/qt4/QtGui/qtableview.h:51: error: forward declaration of 'struct QHeaderView'
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/libavogadro/src/extensions/constraintsdialog.cpp:56: error: incomplete type 'QHeaderView' used in nested name specifier
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu/libavogadro/include/avogadro/primitive.h: At global scope:
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu/libavogadro/include/avogadro/primitive.h:43: warning: 'Avogadro::FALSE_ID' defined but not used
make[3]: [libavogadro/src/extensions/CMakeFiles/forcefieldextension.dir/constraintsdialog.cpp.o] Error 1
make[3]: Leaving directory /build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu'
make[2]: *** [libavogadro/src/extensions/CMakeFiles/forcefieldextension.dir/all] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory
/build/mbanck-avogadro_0.9.7-1-i386-lPX6M4/avogadro-0.9.7-1/obj-i486-linux-gnu'
make[1]: [all] Error 2
You are correct, the Qt dependency for Avogadro was bumped to 0.9.7. This was in the docs, but it was not in the CMakeLists.txt for this release. I have committed this in head, which has not compiled without Qt 4.5 since mid-June.
This isn't a bug, so I'm closing the tracker item.