Alternatives to urllib3
Compare urllib3 alternatives for your business or organization using the curated list below. SourceForge ranks the best alternatives to urllib3 in 2026. Compare features, ratings, user reviews, pricing, and more from urllib3 competitors and alternatives in order to make an informed decision for your business.
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1
requests
Python Software Foundation
Requests is a simple, yet elegant, HTTP library. Requests allows you to send HTTP/1.1 requests extremely easily. There’s no need to manually add query strings to your URLs, or to form-encode your PUT & POST data, but nowadays, just use the JSON method! Requests is one of the most downloaded Python packages today, pulling in around 30M downloads/week, according to GitHub, Requests is currently depended upon by 1,000,000+ repositories. You may certainly put your trust in this code. Requests is available on PyPI. Requests is ready for the demands of building robust and reliable HTTP–speaking applications, for the needs of today. Automatic content decompression and decoding. International domains and URLs. Sessions with cookie persistence. Browser-style TLS/SSL verification. Basic & digest authentication, and familiar dict–like cookies. Multi-part file uploads. SOCKS proxy support. Connection timeouts and streaming downloads.Starting Price: Free -
2
yarl
Python Software Foundation
All URL parts, scheme, user, password, host, port, path, query, and fragment are accessible by properties. All URL manipulations produce a new URL object. Strings passed to constructor and modification methods are automatically encoded giving canonical representation as result. Regular properties are percent-decoded, use raw_ versions for getting encoded strings. Human-readable representation of URL is available as .human_repr(). PyPI contains binary wheels for Linux, Windows and MacOS. If you want to install yarl on another operating system (like Alpine Linux, which is not manylinux-compliant because of the missing glibc and therefore, cannot be used with our wheels) the tarball will be used to compile the library from the source code. It requires a C compiler and Python headers installed. Please note that the pure-Python (uncompiled) version is much slower. However, PyPy always uses a pure-Python implementation, and, as such, it is unaffected by this variable.Starting Price: Free -
3
imageio
imageio
Imageio is a Python library that provides an easy interface to read and write a wide range of image data, including animated images, volumetric data, and scientific formats. It is cross-platform, runs on Python 3.5+, and is easy to install. Imageio is written in pure Python, so installation is easy. Imageio works on Python 3.5+. It also works on Pypy. Imageio depends on Numpy and Pillow. For some formats, imageio needs additional libraries/executables (e.g. ffmpeg), which imageio helps you to download/install. If something doesn’t work as it should, you need to know where to search for causes. The overview on this page aims to help you in this regard by giving you an idea of how things work, and - hence - where things may go sideways.Starting Price: Free -
4
CVXOPT
CVXOPT
CVXOPT is a free software package for convex optimization based on the Python programming language. It can be used with the interactive Python interpreter, on the command line by executing Python scripts, or integrated in other software via Python extension modules. Its main purpose is to make the development of software for convex optimization applications straightforward by building on Python’s extensive standard library and on the strengths of Python as a high-level programming language. Efficient Python classes for dense and sparse matrices (real and complex), with Python indexing and slicing and overloaded operations for matrix arithmetic. Interfaces to the linear programming solver in GLPK, the semidefinite programming solver in DSDP5, and the linear, quadratic and second-order cone programming solvers in MOSEK.Starting Price: Free -
5
broot
broot
The ROOT data analysis framework is used much in High Energy Physics (HEP) and has its own output format (.root). ROOT can be easily interfaced with software written in C++. For software tools in Python there exists pyROOT. Unfortunately, pyROOT does not work well with python3.4. broot is a small library that converts data in python numpy ndarrays to ROOT files containing trees with a branch for each array. The goal of this library is to provide a generic way of writing python numpy datastructures to ROOT files. The library should be portable and supports both python2, python3, ROOT v5 and ROOT v6 (requiring no modifications on the ROOT part, just the default installation). Installation of the library should only require a user to compile to library once or install it as a python package.Starting Price: Free -
6
websockets
Python Software Foundation
An implementation of the WebSocket Protocol (RFC 6455 & 7692). websockets is a library for building WebSocket servers and clients in Python with a focus on correctness, simplicity, robustness, and performance. Built on top of asyncio, Python’s standard asynchronous I/O framework, it provides an elegant coroutine-based API. websockets is heavily tested for compliance with RFC 6455. Continuous integration fails under 100% branch coverage. websockets is built for production. For example, it was the only library to handle backpressure correctly before the issue became widely known in the Python community. Memory usage is optimized and configurable. A C extension accelerates expensive operations. It’s pre-compiled for Linux, macOS, and Windows and packaged in the wheel format for each system and Python version. websockets takes care of everything under the hood so you can focus on your application!Starting Price: Free -
7
Bottle
Bottle
Bottle is a fast, simple and lightweight WSGI micro web-framework for Python. It is distributed as a single file module and has no dependencies other than the Python Standard Library. Requests to function-call mapping with support for clean and dynamic URLs. Fast and pythonic built-in template engine and support for mako, jinja2 and cheetah templates. Convenient access to form data, file uploads, cookies, headers and other HTTP-related metadata. Built-in HTTP development server and support for paste, bjoern, gae, cherrypy or any other WSGI capable HTTP server. -
8
Falcon
Falcon
Falcon is a blazing fast, minimalist Python web API framework for building robust app backends and microservices. The framework works great with both asyncio (ASGI) and gevent/meinheld (WSGI). The Falcon web framework encourages the REST architectural style. Resource classes implement HTTP method handlers that resolve requests and perform state transitions. Falcon complements more general Python web frameworks by providing extra reliability, flexibility, and performance wherever you need it. A number of Falcon add-ons, templates, and complementary packages are available for use in your projects. We've listed several of these on the Falcon wiki as a starting point, but you may also wish to search PyPI for additional resources. -
9
zope.interface
Python Software Foundation
This package is intended to be independently reusable in any Python project. It is maintained by the Zope Toolkit project. This package provides an implementation of “object interfaces” for Python. Interfaces are a mechanism for labeling objects as conforming to a given API or contract. So, this package can be considered as an implementation of the Design By Contract methodology support in Python. Interfaces are objects that specify (document) the external behavior of objects that “provide” them. An interface specifies behavior through informal documentation in a doc string, attribute definitions, and invariants, which are conditions that must hold for objects that provide the interface. Attribute definitions specify specific attributes. They define the attribute name and provide documentation and constraints of attribute values. Attribute definitions can take a number of forms.Starting Price: Free -
10
pyglet
pyglet
The cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python. pyglet is a powerful, yet easy-to-use Python library for developing games and other visually-rich applications on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. It supports windowing, user interface event handling, Joysticks, OpenGL graphics, loading images, and videos, and playing sounds and music. All of this with a friendly Pythonic API, that's simple to learn and doesn't get in your way. pyglet is provided under the BSD open-source license, allowing you to use it for both commercial and other open-source projects with very little restriction. No external dependencies or installation requirements. For most application and game requirements, pyglet needs nothing else besides Python, simplifying distribution and installation. This makes it easy to package your project with freezers such as PyInstaller. pyglet provides real platform native windows, allowing you to take advantage of multiple windows and multi-monitor desktops.Starting Price: Free -
11
Beautiful Soup
Beautiful Soup
Beautiful Soup is a library that makes it easy to scrape information from web pages. It sits atop an HTML or XML parser, providing Pythonic idioms for iterating, searching, and modifying the parse tree. Beautiful Soup's support for Python 2 was discontinued on December 31, 2020: one year after the sunset date for Python 2 itself. From this point onward, new Beautiful Soup development will exclusively target Python 3. The final release of Beautiful Soup 4 to support Python 2 was 4.9.3. Beautiful Soup is licensed under the MIT license, so you can also download the tarball, drop the bs4/ directory into almost any Python application (or into your library path) and start using it immediately.Starting Price: Free -
12
HttpMaster
Borvid
HttpMaster is a debugging and testing tool for various HTTP applications with special focus on web APIs and RESTful web services. Key features: - HttpMaster project to store complete definition of HTTP calls in one single place. - Broad set of HTTP properties (HTTP headers, URL encoding, etc.). - Dynamic parameters to simulate variations of input data or create global API values. - Response data validation with logical expressions. - Request chaining to use data from previous request with the next request. - Extensive data upload support, including 'multipart/form-data'. - Request data builder for creating request body with an optional dynamic parameters. - Request item execution with detailed progress monitoring. - Execution groups to create batches of requests. - Comprehensive execution data review and management. - Basic request tool for ad-hoc execution. - Command line interface. - PDF reports. - Support for cURL commands.Starting Price: Starting from $69 -
13
Matplotlib
Matplotlib
Matplotlib is a comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations in Python. Matplotlib makes easy things easy and hard things possible. A large number of third party packages extend and build on Matplotlib functionality, including several higher-level plotting interfaces (seaborn, HoloViews, ggplot, ...), and a projection and mapping toolkit (Cartopy).Starting Price: Free -
14
Python
Python
The core of extensible programming is defining functions. Python allows mandatory and optional arguments, keyword arguments, and even arbitrary argument lists. Whether you're new to programming or an experienced developer, it's easy to learn and use Python. Python can be easy to pick up whether you're a first-time programmer or you're experienced with other languages. The following pages are a useful first step to get on your way to writing programs with Python! The community hosts conferences and meetups to collaborate on code, and much more. Python's documentation will help you along the way, and the mailing lists will keep you in touch. The Python Package Index (PyPI) hosts thousands of third-party modules for Python. Both Python's standard library and the community-contributed modules allow for endless possibilities.Starting Price: Free -
15
Mako
Mako
It provides a familiar, non-XML syntax that compiles into Python modules for maximum performance. Mako's syntax and API borrows from the best ideas of many others, including Django and Jinja2 templates, Cheetah, Myghty, and Genshi. Conceptually, Mako is an embedded Python (i.e. Python Server Page) language, which refines the familiar ideas of componentized layout and inheritance to produce one of the most straightforward and flexible models available, while also maintaining close ties to Python calling and scoping semantics. As templates are ultimately compiled into Python bytecode, Mako's approach is extremely efficient and was originally written to be just as fast as Cheetah. Today, Mako is very close in speed to Jinja2, which uses a similar approach and for which Mako was an inspiration. Can access variables from their enclosing scope as well as the template's request contextStarting Price: Free -
16
openpyxl
openpyxl
openpyxl is a Python library to read/write Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files. It was born from a lack of an existing library to read/write natively from Python in the Office Open XML format. All kudos to the PHPExcel team as openpyxl was initially based on PHPExcel. By default, openpyxl does not guard against quadratic blowup or billion laughs XML attacks. To guard against these attacks install defusedxml. Install openpyxl using pip. It is advisable to do this in a Python virtualenv without system packages. Sometimes you might want to work with the checkout of a particular version. This may be the case if bugs have been fixed but a release has not yet been made. There is no need to create a file on the filesystem to get started with openpyxl. Just import the Workbook class and start work. Sheets are given a name automatically when they are created. Once you gave a worksheet a name, you can get it as a key of the workbook.Starting Price: Free -
17
Unirest
Kong
Unirest is a set of lightweight HTTP libraries available in multiple languages, built and maintained by Kong, who also maintains the open-source API Gateway Kong. To utilize Unirest for node.js install the npm module. You're probably wondering how using Unirest makes creating requests easier. Besides automatically supporting gzip, and parsing responses, you can start with basic examples. A request can be initiated by invoking the appropriate method on the Unirest object, then calling .end() to send the request. Alternatively, you can send the request directly by providing a callback along with the URL. Provides simple and easy-to-use methods for manipulating the request prior to being sent. This object is created when a Unirest method is invoked. This object contains methods that are chainable like other libraries such as jQuery and popular request module Superagent (which this library is modeled after slightly).Starting Price: Free -
18
Pylons
Python Software Foundation
The Pylons web framework is designed for building web applications and sites in an easy and concise manner. They can range from as small as a single Python module, to a substantial directory layout for larger and more complex web applications. Pylons comes with project templates that help boot-strap a new web application project, or you can start from scratch and set things up exactly as desired. A framework to make writing web applications in Python easy. Utilizes a minimalist, component-based philosophy that makes it easy to expand on. Harness existing knowledge about Python. Extensible application design. Fast and efficient, an incredibly small per-request call stack provides top performance. Uses existing and well-tested Python packages. Pylons 1.0 series is stable and production-ready but in maintenance-only mode. The Pylons Project now maintains the Pyramid web framework for future development. Pylons 1.0 users should strongly consider using Pyramid for their next project.Starting Price: Free -
19
tox
tox
tox aims to automate and standardize testing in Python. It is part of a larger vision of easing the packaging, testing and release process of Python software. tox is a generic virtualenv management and test command-line tool you can use for checking that your package installs correctly with different Python versions and interpreters, running your tests in each of the environments, configuring your test tool of choice, and acting as a frontend to continuous integration servers, greatly reducing boilerplate and merging CI and shell-based testing. First, install tox with pip install tox. Then put basic information about your project and the test environments you want your project to run in into a tox.ini file residing right next to your setup.py file. You can also try generating a tox.ini file automatically, by running tox-quickstart and then answering a few simple questions. Install and test your project against Python2.7 and Python3.6.Starting Price: Free -
20
pygame
pygame
Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing video games. Pygame adds functionality on top of the excellent SDL library. This allows you to create fully featured games and multimedia programs in the python language. Pygame is highly portable and runs on nearly every platform and operating system. Pygame is free. Released under the LGPL license, you can create open-source, freeware, shareware, and commercial games with it. With dual-core CPUs common, and 8-core CPUs cheaply available on desktop systems, making use of multi-core CPUs allows you to do more in your game. Selected pygame functions release the dreaded python GIL, which is something you can do from C code. Uses optimized C and assembly code for core functions. C code is often 10-20 times faster than python code, and assembly code can easily be 100x or more times faster than python code. Comes with many operating systems. Just an apt-get, emerge, pkg_add, or just install away.Starting Price: Free -
21
python-docx
python-docx
python-docx is a Python library for creating and updating Microsoft Word (.docx) files. Paragraphs are fundamental in Word. They’re used for body text, but also for headings and list items like bullets. You’re free to specify both width and height, but usually, you wouldn’t want to. If you specify only one, python-docx uses it to calculate the properly scaled value of the other. This way the aspect ratio is preserved and your picture doesn’t look stretched. If you don’t know what a Word paragraph style is you should definitely check it out. Basically, it allows you to apply a whole set of formatting options to a paragraph at once. python-docx allows you to create new documents as well as make changes to existing ones. Actually, it only lets you make changes to existing documents; it’s just that if you start with a document that doesn’t have any content, it might feel at first like you’re creating one from scratch.Starting Price: Free -
22
pexpect
pexpect
Pexpect makes Python a better tool for controlling other applications. Pexpect is a pure Python module for spawning child applications; controlling them, and responding to expected patterns in their output. Pexpect works like Don Libes’ Expect. Pexpect allows your script to spawn a child application and control it as if a human were typing commands. Pexpect can be used for automating interactive applications such as ssh, FTP, passwd, telnet, etc. It can be used to automate setup scripts for duplicating software package installations on different servers. It can be used for automated software testing. Pexpect is in the spirit of Don Libes’ Expect, but Pexpect is pure Python. Unlike other Expect-like modules for Python, Pexpect does not require TCL or Expect nor does it require C extensions to be compiled. It should work on any platform that supports the standard Python pty module. The Pexpect interface was designed to be easy to use.Starting Price: Free -
23
NetworkX
NetworkX
NetworkX is a Python package for the creation, manipulation, and study of the structure, dynamics, and functions of complex networks. Generators for classic graphs, random graphs, and synthetic networks. Additional benefits from Python include fast prototyping, easy to teach, and multi-platform. Network structure and analysis measures.Starting Price: Free -
24
Pillow
Pillow
The Python Imaging Library adds image processing capabilities to your Python interpreter. This library provides extensive file format support, an efficient internal representation, and fairly powerful image processing capabilities. The core image library is designed for fast access to data stored in a few basic pixel formats. It should provide a solid foundation for a general image processing tool. Pillow for enterprise is available via the Tidelift subscription. The Python Imaging Library is ideal for image archival and batch processing applications. You can use the library to create thumbnails, convert between file formats, print images, etc. The current version identifies and reads a large number of formats. Write support is intentionally restricted to the most commonly used interchange and presentation formats. The library contains basic image processing functionality, including point operations, filtering with a set of built-in convolution kernels, and color space conversions.Starting Price: Free -
25
ruffus
ruffus
Ruffus is a computation pipeline library for python. It is open-sourced, powerful and user-friendly, and widely used in science and bioinformatics. Ruffus is designed to allow scientific and other analyses to be automated with the minimum of fuss and the least effort. Suitable for the simplest of tasks. Handles even fiendishly complicated pipelines which would cause make or scons to go cross-eyed and recursive. No "clever magic", no pre-processing. Unambitious, the lightweight syntax which tries to do this one small thing well. Ruffus is available under the permissive MIT free software license. This permits free use and inclusion even within proprietary software. It is good practice to run your pipeline in a temporary, “working” directory away from your original data. Ruffus is a lightweight python module for building computational pipelines. Ruffus requires Python 2.6 or higher or Python 3.0 or higher.Starting Price: Free -
26
Seaborn
Seaborn
Seaborn is a Python data visualization library based on matplotlib. It provides a high-level interface for drawing attractive and informative statistical graphics. For a brief introduction to the ideas behind the library, you can read the introductory notes or the paper. Visit the installation page to see how you can download the package and get started with it. You can browse the example gallery to see some of the things that you can do with seaborn, and then check out the tutorials or API reference to find out how. To see the code or report a bug, please visit the GitHub repository. General support questions are most at home on StackOverflow, which has a dedicated channel for seaborn. -
27
NumPy
NumPy
Fast and versatile, the NumPy vectorization, indexing, and broadcasting concepts are the de-facto standards of array computing today. NumPy offers comprehensive mathematical functions, random number generators, linear algebra routines, Fourier transforms, and more. NumPy supports a wide range of hardware and computing platforms, and plays well with distributed, GPU, and sparse array libraries. The core of NumPy is well-optimized C code. Enjoy the flexibility of Python with the speed of compiled code. NumPy’s high level syntax makes it accessible and productive for programmers from any background or experience level. NumPy brings the computational power of languages like C and Fortran to Python, a language much easier to learn and use. With this power comes simplicity: a solution in NumPy is often clear and elegant.Starting Price: Free -
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Growler
Growler
Growler is a web framework built atop asyncio, the asynchronous library described in PEP 3156 and added to the standard library in python 3.4. It takes a cue from the Connect & Express frameworks in the nodejs ecosystem, using a single application object and series of middleware to process HTTP requests. The custom chain of middleware provides an easy way to implement complex applications. The pip utility allows packages to provide optional requirements, so features may be installed only upon request. This meshes well with the minimal nature of the Growler project: don't install anything the user doesn't need. That being said, there are (will be) community packages that are blessed by the growler developers (after ensuring they work as expected and are well tested with each version of growler) that will be available as extras directly from the growler package. -
29
gevent
gevent
gevent is a coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet to provide a high-level synchronous API on top of the libev or libuv event loop. gevent is inspired by eventlet but features a more consistent API, simpler implementation and better performance. Read why others use gevent and check out the list of the open source projects based on gevent.Starting Price: Free -
30
python-sql
Python Software Foundation
python-sql is a library to write SQL queries in a pythonic way. Simple selects, select with where condition. Select with join or select with multiple joins. Select with group_by and select with output name. Select with order_by, or select with sub-select. Select on other schema and insert query with default values. Insert query with values, and insert query with query. Update query with values. Update query with where condition. Update query with from the list. Delete query with where condition, and delete query with sub-query. Provides limit style, qmark style, and numeric style.Starting Price: Free -
31
PyPI
PyPI
PyPI is the official repository for Python software packages, hosting hundreds of thousands of projects that developers can publish and users can discover and install. It supports both source distributions (“sdists”) and pre-built binary “wheels”, allowing packages to include native extensions for different platforms. Projects on PyPI consist of multiple releases, each of which can include various files for different operating systems or Python versions. Metadata for each package includes things like version number, dependencies, licensing, classifiers, description (including rendering Markdown or reStructuredText), and other information that tools like pip use to resolve, download, and install the correct package. PyPI provides search and filtering based on package metadata, letting users find what they need via keywords, compatibility, or other package attributes.Starting Price: Free -
32
PyQtGraph
PyQtGraph
PyQtGraph is a pure-python graphics and GUI library built on PyQt/PySide and NumPy. It is intended for use in mathematics/scientific/engineering applications. Despite being written entirely in python, the library is very fast due to its heavy leverage of NumPy for number crunching and Qt's GraphicsView framework for fast display. PyQtGraph is distributed under the MIT open-source license. Basic 2D plotting in interactive view boxes. Line and scatter plots. Data can be panned/scaled by mouse. Fast drawing for real-time data display and interaction. Displays most data types (int or float; any bit depth; RGB, RGBA, or luminance). Functions for slicing multidimensional images at arbitrary angles (great for MRI data). Rapid update for video display or real-time interaction. Image display with interactive lookup tables and level control. Mesh rendering with isosurface generation. Interactive viewports rotate/zoom with mouse. Basic 3D scenegraph for easier programming.Starting Price: Free -
33
gTTS
gTTS
gTTS (Google Text-to-Speech), a Python library and CLI tool to interface with Google Translate's text-to-speech API. Write spoken mp3 data to a file, a file-like object (bytestring) for further audio manipulation, or stdout. Or simply pre-generate Google Translate TTS request URLs to feed to an external program. Customizable speech-specific sentence tokenizer that allows for unlimited lengths of text to be read, all while keeping proper intonation, abbreviations, decimals and more. Customizable text pre-processors which can, for example, provide pronunciation corrections.Starting Price: Free -
34
Plotly Dash
Plotly
Dash & Dash Enterprise let you build & deploy analytic web apps using Python, R, and Julia. No JavaScript or DevOps required. Through Dash, the world's largest companies elevate AI, ML, and Python analytics to business users at 5% the cost of a full-stack development approach. Deliver apps and dashboards that run advanced analytics: ML, NLP, forecasting, computer vision and more. Work in the languages you love: Python, R, and Julia. Reduce costs by migrating legacy, per-seat licensed software to Dash Enterprise's open-core, unlimited end-user pricing model. Move faster by deploying and updating Dash apps without an IT or DevOps team. Create pixel-perfect dashboards & web apps, without writing any CSS. Scale effortlessly with Kubernetes. Support mission-critical Python applications with high availability. -
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h5py
HDF5
The h5py package is a Pythonic interface to the HDF5 binary data format. It lets you store huge amounts of numerical data, and easily manipulate that data from NumPy. For example, you can slice into multi-terabyte datasets stored on disk, as if they were real NumPy arrays. Thousands of datasets can be stored in a single file, categorized and tagged however you want. H5py uses straightforward NumPy and Python metaphors, like dictionary and NumPy array syntax. For example, you can iterate over datasets in a file, or check out the .shape or .dtype attributes of datasets. You don't need to know anything special about HDF5 to get started. In addition to the easy-to-use high level interface, h5py rests on a object-oriented Cython wrapping of the HDF5 C API. Almost anything you can do from C in HDF5, you can do from h5py.Starting Price: Free -
36
Fern
Fern
Stripe-level SDKs and Docs for your API. Offer type-safe SDKs in the most popular languages. Let Fern do the heavy lifting of generating and publishing client libraries so your team can focus on building the API. Import your API definition, whether it's in OpenAPI or Fern's simpler format. Select which code generators you'd like to use: TypeScript, Python, Java, Go, Ruby, C#, Swift. Fern semantically versions and publishes packages to each registry (e.g. npm, pypi, maven). Beautiful API documentation that reflects your brand.Starting Price: $250 per month -
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waiting
Python Software Foundation
waiting is a small library for waiting for stuff to happen. It basically waits for a function to return True, in various modes. Waiting is compatible with flux for simulated timelines. The most basic usage is when you have a function you want to wait for. Waiting forever is very simple. If your predicate returns a value, it will be returned as the result of wait(). A timeout parameter can also be specified. When a timeout expires without the predicate being fulfilled, an exception is thrown. Sleeping polls the predicate at a certain interval (by default 1 second). The interval can be changed with the sleep_seconds argument. When waiting for multiple predicates, waiting provides two simple facilities to help aggregate them, any and all. They resemble Python’s built-in any() and all(), except that they don’t call a predicate once it has been satisfied (this is useful when the predicates are inefficient and take time to complete).Starting Price: Free -
38
CodeT5
Salesforce
Code for CodeT5, a new code-aware pre-trained encoder-decoder model. Identifier-aware unified pre-trained encoder-decoder models for code understanding and generation. This is the official PyTorch implementation for the EMNLP 2021 paper from Salesforce Research. CodeT5-large-ntp-py is specially optimized for Python code generation tasks and employed as the foundation model for our CodeRL, yielding new SOTA results on the APPS Python competition-level program synthesis benchmark. This repo provides the code for reproducing the experiments in CodeT5. CodeT5 is a new pre-trained encoder-decoder model for programming languages, which is pre-trained on 8.35M functions in 8 programming languages (Python, Java, JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Go, C, and C#). In total, it achieves state-of-the-art results on 14 sub-tasks in a code intelligence benchmark - CodeXGLUE. Generate code based on the natural language description. -
39
CData Python Connectors
CData Software
CData Python Connectors simplify the way that Python users connect to SaaS, Big Data, NoSQL, and relational data sources. Our Python Connectors offer simple Python database interfaces (DB-API), making it easy to connect with popular tooling like Jupyter Notebook, SQLAlchemy, pandas, Dash, Apache Airflow, petl, and more. CData Python Connectors create a SQL wrapper around APIs and data protocols, simplifying data access from within Python and enabling Python users to easily connect more than 150 SaaS, Big Data, NoSQL, and relational data sources with advanced Python processing. The CData Python Connectors fill a critical gap in Python tooling by providing consistent connectivity with data-centric interfaces to hundreds of different SaaS/Cloud, NoSQL, and Big Data sources. Download a 30-day free trial or learn more at: https://www.cdata.com/python/ -
40
statsmodels
statsmodels
statsmodels is a Python module that provides classes and functions for the estimation of many different statistical models, as well as for conducting statistical tests and statistical data exploration. An extensive list of result statistics is available for each estimator. The results are tested against existing statistical packages to ensure that they are correct. The package is released under the open-source Modified BSD (3-clause) license. statsmodels supports specifying models using R-style formulas and pandas DataFrames. Have a look at dir(results) to see available results. Attributes are described in results.__doc__ and results methods have their own docstrings. You can also use numpy arrays instead of formulas. The easiest way to install statsmodels is to install it as part of the Anaconda distribution, a cross-platform distribution for data analysis and scientific computing. This is the recommended installation method for most users.Starting Price: Free -
41
E-ICEBLUE
E-ICEBLUE
E-iceblue provides a comprehensive suite of professional development libraries and APIs designed to enable developers to create, read, write, edit, convert, print, manipulate and view a wide range of document formats programmatically across multiple programming environments without relying on external applications like Microsoft Office or Adobe Acrobat. Its product range includes Spire.Office and individual components for .NET platforms (such as Spire.Doc, Spire.XLS, Spire.Presentation, Spire.PDF, Spire.Barcode, Spire.Email and Spire.OCR) that handle Word, Excel, PowerPoint, PDF, barcode generation and email operations in C#, VB.NET, ASP.NET, .NET Core, Xamarin and WPF applications, plus viewer libraries for embedded document display. E-iceblue also offers equivalent APIs for Java, C++, Python and JavaScript, as well as mobile and cloud libraries (including Spire.Cloud.Office with HTML5 browser support for Word and Excel), supporting document processing tasks. -
42
MailHog
MailHog
Inspired by MailCatcher, easier to install. MailHog is an email testing tool for developers: Configure your application to use MailHog for SMTP delivery. View messages in the web UI, or retrieve them with the JSON API. Optionally release messages to real SMTP servers for delivery. See MailHog libraries for a list of MailHog client libraries. ESMTP server implementing RFC5321. Support for SMTP AUTH (RFC4954) and PIPELINING (RFC2920). Web interface to view messages (plain text, HTML or source). Supports RFC2047 encoded headers. Real-time updates using EventSource. Release messages to real SMTP servers. Chaos Monkey for failure testing. See Introduction to Jim for more information. HTTP API to list, retrieve and delete messages. See APIv1 and APIv2 documentation for more information. HTTP basic authentication for MailHog UI and API. Multipart MIME support. Download individual MIME parts. In-memory message storage. MongoDB and file-based storage for message persistence. -
43
MangoProxy
MangoProxy
MangoProxy is a professional residential proxy service designed for developers, web scrapers, and traffic arbitrage specialists. Key Features: • 90M+ residential IP addresses from 200+ countries • API integration for Python, JavaScript, Go, and other languages • Automatic IP rotation to avoid blocking and detection • HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS5 protocol support • 99.8% uptime with high-speed connections • City and region-level geo-targeting capabilities • Sticky sessions for extended browsing periods • IP whitelist functionality for enhanced security Residential Proxy Advantages: - Real IP addresses from home users - High website trust levels and low block rates - Bypass geographical restrictions and content filtering - Undetectable web scraping and data collection Perfect for: - Web scraping and data parsing projects - Price monitoring and competitor analysis - Traffic arbitrage and advertising campaigns - Web application testing across different regionsStarting Price: $0.60 per GB -
44
Scapy
Scapy
Scapy is a powerful interactive packet manipulation program. It is able to forge or decode packets of a wide number of protocols, send them on the wire, capture them, match requests and replies, and much more. It can easily handle most classical tasks like scanning, tracerouting, probing, unit tests, attacks, or network discovery (it can replace hping, 85% of nmap, arpspoof, arp-sk, arping, tcpdump, tshark, p0f, etc.). It also performs very well at a lot of other specific tasks that most other tools can’t handle, like sending invalid frames, injecting your own 802.11 frames, combining technics (VLAN hopping+ARP cache poisoning, VOIP decoding on WEP encrypted channel), etc. Scapy runs natively on Linux, Windows, OSX, and on most Unixes with libpcap. The same code base now runs natively on both Python 2 and Python 3. Scapy development uses the Git version control system. Scapy reference repository is hosted on GitHub.Starting Price: Free -
45
pdf2docx
Artifex
pdf2docx is a Python library that uses PyMuPDF to extract data from PDF files, parse their layouts according to rules, and generate corresponding .docx files via python-docx. It supports conversion of text, images, tables, and other structural elements; it includes tools to extract tables, handle formatting, and preserve layout as much as possible. It offers both a command-line interface and a graphical user interface. The internal architecture is modular; it includes packages for handling pages, layout, tables, images, shape paths, text spans/blocks, and other elements, enabling fine control over how PDF content is mapped into Word documents. Developers can use the API for batch conversions or integrate it into workflows; there's documentation on installation (from PyPI or source), usage, and technical details of layout-parsing, table extraction, and internal modules. The project is open source, hosted on GitHub, and made available under its license with no warranty.Starting Price: Free -
46
CapRover
CapRover
CapRover is a scalable, free, and self-hosted platform as a service built to make app, database, and web server management extremely easy. It is designed for Node.js, Python, PHP, ASP.NET, Ruby, MySQL, MongoDB, Postgres, WordPress, and many other applications, giving developers a simple way to move from localhost to a live HTTPS domain in seconds. CapRover is blazingly fast and very robust because it uses Docker, Nginx, Let’s Encrypt, and NetData under the hood, while keeping the experience simple through a web GUI and a CLI for automation and scripting. It helps developers avoid spending hours setting up servers, build tools, SSL certificates, Nginx rules, and deployment scripts, so they can focus more on writing application code and less on server work. It supports any language, one-click apps, free SSL with automatic HTTP-to-HTTPS redirection, and several deployment methods, including uploading source from the dashboard, using the CapRover deploy command. -
47
hug
hug
Drastically simplify API development over multiple interfaces. With hug, design and develop your API once, then expose it however your clients need to consume it. Be it locally, over HTTP, or through the command line - hug is the fastest and most modern way to create APIs on Python3. hug has been built from the ground up with performance in mind. It is built to consume resources only when necessary and is then compiled with Cython to achieve amazing performance. As a result, hug consistently benchmarks as one of the fastest Python frameworks and without question takes the crown as the fastest high-level framework for Python 3. hug makes it easy to expose multiple versions of your API. With hug you can simply specify what version or range of versions an endpoint supports and then automatically have that enforced and communicated to your API's users. -
48
WTForms
WTForms
WTForms is a flexible forms validation and rendering library for Python web development. It can work with whatever web framework and template engine you choose. It supports data validation, CSRF protection, internationalization (I18N), and more. There are various community libraries that provide closer integration with popular frameworks. WTForms tries to provide as usable an API as possible. We’ve listed here some of the known libraries to work with WTForms, but if it’s not listed, it doesn’t mean it won’t work. Pretty much any ORM or object-DB should work, as long as data objects allow attribute access to their members. WTForms uses unicode strings throughout the source code and assumes that form input has already been coerced to unicode by your framework. WTForms fields render to unicode strings by default, and therefore as long as your templating engine can work with that, you should have no unicode issues.Starting Price: Free -
49
Gunicorn
Gunicorn
Gunicorn 'Green Unicorn' is a Python WSGI HTTP Server for UNIX. It's a pre-fork worker model. The Gunicorn server is broadly compatible with various web frameworks, simply implemented, light on server resources, and fairly speedy. -
50
parsel
Python Software Foundation
Parsel is a BSD-licensed Python library to extract and remove data from HTML and XML using XPath and CSS selectors, optionally combined with regular expressions. Create a selector object for the HTML or XML text that you want to parse. Then use CSS or XPath expressions to select elements. CSS is a language for applying styles to HTML documents. It defines selectors to associate those styles with specific HTML elements. XPath is a language for selecting nodes in XML documents, which can also be used with HTML. You can use either CSS or XPath. CSS is usually more readable, but some things can only be done with XPath. Being built atop lxml, parsel selectors support some EXSLT extensions and come with pre-registered namespaces to use in XPath expressions. Parsel selectors allow you to chain selectors, so most of the time you can just select by class using CSS and then switch to XPath when needed.Starting Price: Free
