XPS (eXtended Particle Simulations)

MercuryDPM is an open source code for discrete particle simulations, designed to simulate the motion of particles or atoms by applying forces and torques from external body forces, such as gravity or magnetic fields, and from particle interaction laws. For granular particles, these forces are typically contact forces, including elastic, plastic, viscous, and frictional interactions, while molecular simulations can use interaction potentials such as Lennard-Jones. MercuryDPM is written as a versatile, object-oriented C++ code and is built to be understandable, flexible, and extensible for researchers and engineers who need to create new simulation models. It is developed extensively for granular applications, while remaining adaptable to other particle-based systems and long-range interactions. Its documentation guides users through installation, running simulations, visualization, analysis, and creating new MercuryDPM codes to model systems of their choice.

LIGGGHTS is an open source Discrete Element Method particle simulation tool for modeling particulate materials, with a focus on industrial granular and granular heat-transfer simulations. LIGGGHTS stands for “LAMMPS improved for general granular and granular heat transfer simulations,” and it builds on the LAMMPS molecular dynamics platform to extend DEM capabilities toward practical industrial applications. It can be used to simulate systems where material behavior emerges from the motion, collision, friction, cohesion, heat transfer, and interaction of individual particles. It is suitable for analyzing powders, grains, bulk solids, particulate flows, packed beds, conveying systems, mixing processes, hopper discharge, material handling, and other granular systems where particle-scale behavior matters. LIGGGHTS is currently used by research institutions and companies worldwide for the simulation of particulate materials, especially where open source flexibility.