Microsoft Agent Framework
Microsoft Agent Framework is an open source SDK and runtime designed to help developers build, orchestrate, and deploy AI agents and multi-agent workflows using languages such as .NET and Python. It combines the simple agent abstractions of AutoGen with the enterprise-grade capabilities of Semantic Kernel, including session-based state management, type safety, middleware, telemetry, and broad model and embedding support, creating a unified platform for both experimentation and production use. It introduces graph-based workflows that give developers explicit control over how multiple agents interact, execute tasks, and coordinate complex processes, enabling structured orchestration across sequential, concurrent, or branching scenarios. It supports long-running and human-in-the-loop workflows through robust state management, allowing agents to maintain context, reason through multi-step problems, and operate continuously over time.
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Strands Agents
Strands Agents is an open-source framework designed to help developers build controllable and flexible AI agents using Python and TypeScript. It enables users to create agents by defining tools as simple functions, eliminating the need for complex workflows or orchestration pipelines. The SDK works with any model and cloud provider, giving developers full freedom in how they deploy and scale their agents. It introduces a streamlined agent loop where the model handles reasoning while developers maintain control through code. Features like steering hooks allow developers to validate and guide agent behavior before and after actions are taken. The platform also includes built-in capabilities such as memory management, observability, and evaluation tools. Overall, Strands Agents SDK simplifies agent development while improving reliability, control, and performance.
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Claude Agent SDK
The Claude Agent SDK is a developer toolkit that enables the creation of autonomous AI agents powered by Claude, allowing them to perform real-world tasks beyond simple text generation by interacting directly with files, systems, and tools. It provides the same underlying infrastructure used by Claude Code, including an agent loop, context management, and built-in tool execution, and is available for use in Python and TypeScript. With this SDK, developers can build agents that read and write files, execute shell commands, search the web, edit code, and automate complex workflows without needing to implement these capabilities from scratch. It maintains persistent context and state across interactions, enabling agents to operate continuously, reason through multi-step problems, take actions, verify results, and iterate until tasks are completed.
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Swarm
Swarm is an experimental, educational framework developed by OpenAI to explore ergonomic, lightweight multi-agent orchestration. It is designed to be scalable and highly customizable, making it suitable for scenarios involving a large number of independent capabilities and instructions that are challenging to encode into a single prompt. Swarm operates entirely on the client side and, like the Chat Completions API it utilizes, does not store state between calls. This stateless nature allows for the construction of scalable, real-world solutions without a steep learning curve. Swarm agents are distinct from assistants in the assistants API; they are named similarly for convenience but are otherwise completely unrelated. It includes examples demonstrating fundamentals such as setup, function calling, handoffs, and context variables, as well as more complex scenarios like a multi-agent setup for handling different customer service requests in an airline context.
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