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Examples

Johann N. Löfflmann

Examples

Celebrated on a fixed day

Example: on Janary 1

The New Year's day is celebrated on January 1, each year. In other words, it is a fixed date.

<holiday name="New Year's Day">
    <definition>
        <fixed day="1" month="January"/>
    </definition>
</holiday>

Celebrated on a date that is dependent on Easter

Example: two days before Easter Sunday

Easter is celebrated always on a Sunday. Good Friday is celebrated two days before Easter. Simply use the easter tag first and subtract two days from it (add -2).

<holiday name="Good Friday">
    <definition>
        <easter/>
        <add days="-2"/>
    </definition>
</holiday>

Celebrated on the nth weekday in a particular month

Example: on the second Sunday in May

In the US, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May. The holiday was declared officially by some states beginning in 1912.

<!-- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother%27s_Day -->
<holiday name="Mother's Day">
    <definition firstyear="1912">
        <rule nth="2nd" weekday="Sunday" month="May"/>
    </definition>
</holiday>

Celebrated on a date that is dependent on a weekday

Example: on October 12 with dependencies on a weekday

In Argentina Columbus Day (Día de la Raza) is celebrated on October 12, but If the date falls on a Tuesday or Wednesday, the holiday is the preceding Monday. If it falls on a Thursday or a Friday then the holiday is the following Monday.

<holiday name="Día de la Raza" international="Columbus Day" type="public holiday">
    <definition firstyear="1917">
        <fixed day="12" month="October"/>
        <!--
          If the date falls on a Tuesday or Wednesday,
          the holiday is the preceding Monday.
        -->
        <add days="-1" ifweekday="Tuesday"/> <!-- can become the preceding Monday -->
        <add days="-2" ifweekday="Wednesday"/> <!-- can become the preceding Monday -->
        <!--
          If it falls on a Thursday or a Friday then
          the holiday is the following Monday.
        -->
        <add days="+4" ifweekday="Thursday"/> <!-- can become the following Monday -->
        <add days="+3" ifweekday="Friday"/> <!-- can become the following Monday -->
    </definition>
</holiday>

Celebrated on the nth weekday in a particular month and on a fixed day in the past

Example: on the third Monday in February and on February 22 until 1970

As the first federal holiday to honor an American citizen, Washington's Birthday was celebrated on Washington's actual birthday, February 22. In 1971 it was shifted to the third Monday in February. You need two definition blocks in order to define the Washington's birthday holiday correctly.

<!--
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington%27s_Birthday
  George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)
 -->
<holiday name="Washington's Birthday (President's Day)" type="federal holiday">
    <!-- Titled Washington's Birthday, the federal holiday was originally
         implemented by the United States federal government in 1880 for
         government offices in the District of Columbia (20 Stat. 277) and
         expanded in 1885 to include all federal offices (23 Stat. 516). -->
    <definition firstyear="1885" lastyear="1970">
        <fixed day="22" month="February"/>
    </definition>
    <!-- On January 1, 1971 the federal holiday was shifted to the third
         Monday in February by the Uniform Monday Holiday Act. -->
    <definition firstyear="1971">
        <rule nth="3rd" weekday="Monday" month="February"/>
    </definition>
</holiday>

Celebrated on a particular weekday of the nth full week of a particular month

Example: on the Tuesday of the first full week of May

Since 1986 the National Teacher Day is celebrated on Tuesday of the first full week of May. In the US, the week begins with Sunday, therefore the first full week begins with the first Sunday in May. If you add two days, you get Tuesday.

<!-- http://www.nea.org/teacherday/index.html -->
<holiday name="National Teacher Day">
    <!-- ... -->
    <definition firstyear="1986">
        <rule nth="1st" weekday="Sunday" month="May"/>
        <add days="+2"/> <!-- will become Tuesday -->
    </definition>
</holiday>

Example: on the Wednesday of the last full week of April

The National Secretaries Day is observed on the Wednesday of the last full week of April. In the US, the week begins with Sunday and it ends with Saturday. The last full week is therefore the week which ends with Saturday (the last Saturday in April). In order to get the Wednesday of the last full week of April, simply subtract three days.

<holiday name="National Secretaries Day">
    <!-- ... -->
    <definition firstyear="1955" lastyear="1980">
        <rule nth="Last" weekday="Saturday" month="April"/>
        <add days="-3"/> <!-- this is Wednesday -->
    </definition>
</holiday>

Celebrated on a particular weekday nearest a particular date

Example: on Monday nearest July 1st

In the Canadian provinces Newfoundland and Labrador, the Memorial Day is observed on the Monday nearest July 1st. Set the fixed date (July 1) and use the goto-direction called "nearest". The definition:

<holiday name="Memorial Day" type="Newfoundland and Labrador">
    <definition>
        <!-- it is celebrated on the Monday nearest July 1st -->
        <fixed day="1" month="July"/>
        <goto weekday="Monday" direction="nearest"/>
    </definition>
</holiday>

Seasons: a day dependent on Solstice or Equinox

Example: the Solstice in June in Germany

In June 2008 the Solstice was on June 20 at 23:59 UTC all over the world (24 h system). This was the begin of summer for people living in the northern hemisphere and it was the start of winter for people living in the southern hemisphere. In Germany's caldendars, you find June 21, 2008 for the Solstice. This is because of the timezone difference of 2 hours from UTC. For the Europe/Berlin timezone the actual Solstice was on June 21, 2008 at 1:59 (24 h system). As the actual day of the Solstice (or Equinox) is dependent on the timezone in a country, you can specify it with the parameter called timezone.

<holiday name="Sommeranfang (Sommersonnenwende)" international="Solstice June">
    <definition>
        <solstice type="June" timezone="Europe/Berlin"/>
    </definition>
</holiday>

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