[Wxlua-commit] wxLua/modules/lua/test README,NONE,1.1 bisect.lua,NONE,1.1 cf.lua,NONE,1.1 compat.lua

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Update of /cvsroot/wxlua/wxLua/modules/lua/test
In directory sc8-pr-cvs1.sourceforge.net:/tmp/cvs-serv14733/wxLua/modules/lua/test

Added Files:
	README bisect.lua cf.lua compat.lua echo.lua env.lua 
	factorial.lua fib.lua fibfor.lua globals.lua hello.lua 
	life.lua luac.lua printf.lua readonly.lua sieve.lua sort.lua 
	table.lua trace-calls.lua trace-globals.lua undefined.lua 
	xd.lua 
Log Message:
moved files to the modules directory structure

--- NEW FILE: trace-calls.lua ---
-- trace calls
-- example: lua -ltrace-calls.lua bisect.lua

local level=0

function hook(event)
 local t=debug.getinfo(3)
 io.write(level," >>> ",string.rep(" ",level))
 if t~=nil and t.currentline>=0 then io.write(t.short_src,":",t.currentline," ") end
 t=debug.getinfo(2)
 if event=="call" then
  level=level+1
 else
  level=level-1 if level<0 then level=0 end
 end
 if t.what=="main" then
  if event=="call" then
   io.write("begin ",t.short_src)
  else
   io.write("end ",t.short_src)
  end
 elseif t.what=="Lua" then
-- table.foreach(t,print)
  io.write(event," ",t.name or "(Lua)"," <",t.linedefined,":",t.short_src,">")
 else
 io.write(event," ",t.name or "(C)"," [",t.what,"] ")
 end
 io.write("\n")
end

debug.sethook(hook,"cr")
level=0

--- NEW FILE: hello.lua ---
-- the first program in every language

io.write("Hello world, from ",_VERSION,"!\n")

--- NEW FILE: sieve.lua ---
-- the sieve of of Eratosthenes programmed with coroutines
-- typical usage: lua -e N=1000 sieve.lua | column

-- generate all the numbers from 2 to n
function gen (n)
  return coroutine.wrap(function ()
    for i=2,n do coroutine.yield(i) end
  end)
end

-- filter the numbers generated by `g', removing multiples of `p'
function filter (p, g)
  return coroutine.wrap(function ()
    while 1 do
      local n = g()
      if n == nil then return end
      if math.mod(n, p) ~= 0 then coroutine.yield(n) end
    end
  end)
end

N=N or 1000		-- from command line
x = gen(N)		-- generate primes up to N
while 1 do
  local n = x()		-- pick a number until done
  if n == nil then break end
  print(n)		-- must be a prime number
  x = filter(n, x)	-- now remove its multiples
end

--- NEW FILE: echo.lua ---
-- echo command line arguments

for i=0,table.getn(arg) do
 print(i,arg[i])
end

--- NEW FILE: xd.lua ---
-- hex dump
-- usage: lua xd.lua < file

local offset=0

while 1 do
 local s=io.read(16)
 if s==nil then return end
 io.write(string.format("%08X  ",offset))
 string.gsub(s,"(.)",function (c) io.write(string.format("%02X ",string.byte(c))) end)
 io.write(string.rep(" ",3*(16-string.len(s))))
 io.write(" ",string.gsub(s,"%c","."),"\n") 
 offset=offset+16
end

--- NEW FILE: trace-globals.lua ---
-- trace assigments to global variables

do
 -- a tostring that quotes strings. note the use of the original tostring.
 local _tostring=tostring
 local tostring=function(a)
  if type(a)=="string" then
   return string.format("%q",a)
  else
   return _tostring(a)
  end
 end

 local log=function (name,old,new)
  local t=debug.getinfo(3,"Sl")
  local line=t.currentline
  io.write(t.short_src)
  if line>=0 then io.write(":",line) end
  io.write(": ",name," is now ",tostring(new)," (was ",tostring(old),")","\n")
 end

 local g={}
 local set=function (t,name,value)
  log(name,g[name],value)
  g[name]=value
 end
 setmetatable(getfenv(),{__index=g,__newindex=set})
end

-- an example

a=1
b=2
a=10
b=20
b=nil
b=200
print(a,b,c)

--- NEW FILE: globals.lua ---
-- reads luac listings and reports global variable usage
-- lines where a global is written to are marked with "*"
-- typical usage: luac -p -l file.lua | lua globals.lua | sort | lua table.lua

while 1 do
 local s=io.read()
 if s==nil then break end
 local ok,_,l,op,g=string.find(s,"%[%-?(%d*)%]%s*([GS])ETGLOBAL.-;%s+(.*)$")
 if ok then
  if op=="S" then op="*" else op="" end
  io.write(g,"\t",l,op,"\n")
 end
end

--- NEW FILE: life.lua ---
-- life.lua
-- original by Dave Bollinger <DBo...@co...> posted to lua-l
-- modified to use ANSI terminal escape sequences
-- modified to use for instead of while

local write=io.write

ALIVE="¥"	DEAD="þ"
ALIVE="O"	DEAD="-"

function delay() -- NOTE: SYSTEM-DEPENDENT, adjust as necessary
  for i=1,10000 do end
  -- local i=os.clock()+1 while(os.clock()<i) do end
end

function ARRAY2D(w,h)
  local t = {w=w,h=h}
  for y=1,h do
    t[y] = {}
    for x=1,w do
      t[y][x]=0
    end
  end
  return t
end

_CELLS = {}

-- give birth to a "shape" within the cell array
function _CELLS:spawn(shape,left,top)
  for y=0,shape.h-1 do
    for x=0,shape.w-1 do
      self[top+y][left+x] = shape[y*shape.w+x+1]
    end
  end
end

-- run the CA and produce the next generation
function _CELLS:evolve(next)
  local ym1,y,yp1,yi=self.h-1,self.h,1,self.h
  while yi > 0 do
    local xm1,x,xp1,xi=self.w-1,self.w,1,self.w
    while xi > 0 do
      local sum = self[ym1][xm1] + self[ym1][x] + self[ym1][xp1] +
                  self[y][xm1] + self[y][xp1] +
                  self[yp1][xm1] + self[yp1][x] + self[yp1][xp1]
      next[y][x] = ((sum==2) and self[y][x]) or ((sum==3) and 1) or 0
      xm1,x,xp1,xi = x,xp1,xp1+1,xi-1
    end
    ym1,y,yp1,yi = y,yp1,yp1+1,yi-1
  end
end

-- output the array to screen
function _CELLS:draw()
  local out="" -- accumulate to reduce flicker
  for y=1,self.h do
   for x=1,self.w do
      out=out..(((self[y][x]>0) and ALIVE) or DEAD)
    end
    out=out.."\n"
  end
  write(out)
end

-- constructor
function CELLS(w,h)
  local c = ARRAY2D(w,h)
  c.spawn = _CELLS.spawn
  c.evolve = _CELLS.evolve
  c.draw = _CELLS.draw
  return c
end

--
-- shapes suitable for use with spawn() above
--
HEART = { 1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1; w=3,h=3 }
GLIDER = { 0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1; w=3,h=3 }
EXPLODE = { 0,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0; w=3,h=4 }
FISH = { 0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0; w=5,h=4 }
BUTTERFLY = { 1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1; w=5,h=5 }

-- the main routine
function LIFE(w,h)
  -- create two arrays
  local thisgen = CELLS(w,h)
  local nextgen = CELLS(w,h)

  -- create some life
  -- about 1000 generations of fun, then a glider steady-state
  thisgen:spawn(GLIDER,5,4)
  thisgen:spawn(EXPLODE,25,10)
  thisgen:spawn(FISH,4,12)

  -- run until break
  local gen=1
  write("\027[2J")	-- ANSI clear screen
  while 1 do
    thisgen:evolve(nextgen)
    thisgen,nextgen = nextgen,thisgen
    write("\027[H")	-- ANSI home cursor
    thisgen:draw()
    write("Life - generation ",gen,"\n")
    gen=gen+1
    if gen>2000 then break end
    --delay()		-- no delay
  end
end

LIFE(40,20)

--- NEW FILE: table.lua ---
-- make table, grouping all data for the same item
-- input is 2 columns (item, data)

local A
while 1 do
 local l=io.read()
 if l==nil then break end
 local _,_,a,b=string.find(l,'"?([_%w]+)"?%s*(.*)$')
 if a~=A then A=a io.write("\n",a,":") end
 io.write(" ",b)
end
io.write("\n")

--- NEW FILE: undefined.lua ---
-- catch "undefined" global variables

local f=function (t,i) error("undefined global variable `"..i.."'",2) end
setmetatable(getfenv(),{__index=f})

-- an example
a=1
c=3
print(a,b,c)	-- `b' is undefined

--- NEW FILE: printf.lua ---
-- an implementation of printf

function printf(...)
 io.write(string.format(unpack(arg)))
end

printf("Hello %s from %s on %s\n",os.getenv"USER" or "there",_VERSION,os.date())

--- NEW FILE: sort.lua ---
-- two implementations of a sort function
-- this is an example only. Lua has now a built-in function "sort"

-- extracted from Programming Pearls, page 110
function qsort(x,l,u,f)
 if l<u then
  local m=math.random(u-(l-1))+l-1	-- choose a random pivot in range l..u
  x[l],x[m]=x[m],x[l]			-- swap pivot to first position
  local t=x[l]				-- pivot value
  m=l
  local i=l+1
  while i<=u do
    -- invariant: x[l+1..m] < t <= x[m+1..i-1]
    if f(x[i],t) then
      m=m+1
      x[m],x[i]=x[i],x[m]		-- swap x[i] and x[m]
    end
    i=i+1
  end
  x[l],x[m]=x[m],x[l]			-- swap pivot to a valid place
  -- x[l+1..m-1] < x[m] <= x[m+1..u]
  qsort(x,l,m-1,f)
  qsort(x,m+1,u,f)
 end
end

function selectionsort(x,n,f)
 local i=1
 while i<=n do
  local m,j=i,i+1
  while j<=n do
   if f(x[j],x[m]) then m=j end
   j=j+1
  end
 x[i],x[m]=x[m],x[i]			-- swap x[i] and x[m]
 i=i+1
 end
end

function show(m,x)
 io.write(m,"\n\t")
 local i=1
 while x[i] do
  io.write(x[i])
  i=i+1
  if x[i] then io.write(",") end
 end
 io.write("\n")
end

function testsorts(x)
 local n=1
 while x[n] do n=n+1 end; n=n-1		-- count elements
 show("original",x)
 qsort(x,1,n,function (x,y) return x<y end)
 show("after quicksort",x)
 selectionsort(x,n,function (x,y) return x>y end)
 show("after reverse selection sort",x)
 qsort(x,1,n,function (x,y) return x<y end)
 show("after quicksort again",x)
end

-- array to be sorted
x={"Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"}

testsorts(x)

--- NEW FILE: cf.lua ---
-- temperature conversion table (celsius to farenheit)

for c0=-20,50-1,10 do
	io.write("C ")
	for c=c0,c0+10-1 do
		io.write(string.format("%3.0f ",c))
	end
	io.write("\n")

	io.write("F ")
	for c=c0,c0+10-1 do
		f=(9/5)*c+32
		io.write(string.format("%3.0f ",f))
	end
	io.write("\n\n")
end

--- NEW FILE: fibfor.lua ---
-- example of for with generator functions

function generatefib (n)
  return coroutine.wrap(function ()
    local a,b = 1, 1
    while a <= n do
      coroutine.yield(a)
      a, b = b, a+b
    end
  end, n)
end

for i in generatefib(1000) do print(i) end

--- NEW FILE: fib.lua ---
-- fibonacci function with cache

-- very inefficient fibonacci function
function fib(n)
	N=N+1
	if n<2 then
		return n
	else
		return fib(n-1)+fib(n-2)
	end
end

-- a general-purpose value cache
function cache(f)
	local c={}
	return function (x)
		local y=c[x]
		if not y then
			y=f(x)
			c[x]=y
		end
		return y
	end
end

-- run and time it
function test(s,f)
	N=0
	local c=os.clock()
	local v=f(n)
	local t=os.clock()-c
	print(s,n,v,t,N)
end

n=arg[1] or 24		-- for other values, do lua fib.lua XX
n=tonumber(n)
print("","n","value","time","evals")
test("plain",fib)
fib=cache(fib)
test("cached",fib)

--- NEW FILE: factorial.lua ---
-- function closures are powerful

-- traditional fixed-point operator from functional programming
Y = function (g)
      local a = function (f) return f(f) end
      return a(function (f)
                 return g(function (x)
                             local c=f(f)
                             return c(x)
                           end)
               end)
end

-- factorial without recursion
F = function (f)
      return function (n)
               if n == 0 then return 1
               else return n*f(n-1) end
             end
    end

factorial = Y(F)   -- factorial is the fixed point of F

-- now test it
function test(x)
	io.write(x,"! = ",factorial(x),"\n")
end

for n=0,16 do
	test(n)
end

--- NEW FILE: luac.lua ---
-- bare-bones luac in Lua
-- usage: lua luac.lua file.lua

assert(arg[1]~=nil and arg[2]==nil,"usage: lua luac.lua file.lua")
f=assert(io.open("luac.out","wb"))
f:write(string.dump(assert(loadfile(arg[1]))))
io.close(f)

--- NEW FILE: bisect.lua ---
-- bisection method for solving non-linear equations

delta=1e-6	-- tolerance

function bisect(f,a,b,fa,fb)
 local c=(a+b)/2
 io.write(n," c=",c," a=",a," b=",b,"\n")
 if c==a or c==b or math.abs(a-b)<delta then return c,b-a end
 n=n+1
 local fc=f(c)
 if fa*fc<0 then return bisect(f,a,c,fa,fc) else return bisect(f,c,b,fc,fb) end
end

-- find root of f in the inverval [a,b]. needs f(a)*f(b)<0
function solve(f,a,b)
 n=0
 local z,e=bisect(f,a,b,f(a),f(b))
 io.write(string.format("after %d steps, root is %.17g with error %.1e, f=%.1e\n",n,z,e,f(z)))
end

-- our function
function f(x)
 return x*x*x-x-1
end

-- find zero in [1,2]
solve(f,1,2)

--- NEW FILE: env.lua ---
-- read environment variables as if they were global variables

local f=function (t,i) return os.getenv(i) end
setmetatable(getfenv(),{__index=f})

-- an example
print(a,USER,PATH)

--- NEW FILE: README ---
These are simple tests for Lua.  Some of them contain useful code.
They are meant to be run to make sure Lua is built correctly and also
to be read, to see how Lua programs look.

Here is a one-line summary of each program:

   bisect.lua		bisection method for solving non-linear equations
   cf.lua		temperature conversion table (celsius to farenheit)
   echo.lua             echo command line arguments
   env.lua              environment variables as automatic global variables
   factorial.lua	factorial without recursion
   fib.lua		fibonacci function with cache
   fibfor.lua		fibonacci numbers with coroutines and generators
   globals.lua		report global variable usage
   hello.lua		the first program in every language
   life.lua		Conway's Game of Life
   luac.lua	 	bare-bones luac
   printf.lua		an implementation of printf
   readonly.lua		make global variables readonly
   sieve.lua		the sieve of of Eratosthenes programmed with coroutines
   sort.lua		two implementations of a sort function
   table.lua		make table, grouping all data for the same item
   trace-calls.lua	trace calls
   trace-globals.lua	trace assigments to global variables
   undefined.lua	catch "undefined" global variables
   xd.lua		hex dump

--- NEW FILE: compat.lua ---
-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Real globals
-- _ALERT
-- _ERRORMESSAGE
-- _VERSION
-- _G
-- assert
-- error
-- metatable
-- next
-- print
-- require
-- tonumber
-- tostring
-- type
-- unpack

-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- collectgarbage
-- gcinfo

-- globals

-- call   -> protect(f, err)
-- loadfile
-- loadstring

-- rawget
-- rawset

-- getargs = Main.getargs ??

function do_ (f, err)
  if not f then print(err); return end
  local a,b = pcall(f)
  if not a then print(b); return nil
  else return b or true
  end
end

function dostring(s) return do_(loadstring(s)) end
-- function dofile(s) return do_(loadfile(s)) end

-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Table library
local tab = table
foreach = tab.foreach
foreachi = tab.foreachi
getn = tab.getn
tinsert = tab.insert
tremove = tab.remove
sort = tab.sort

-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Debug library
local dbg = debug
getinfo = dbg.getinfo
getlocal = dbg.getlocal
setcallhook = function () error"`setcallhook' is deprecated" end
setlinehook = function () error"`setlinehook' is deprecated" end
setlocal = dbg.setlocal

-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- math library
local math = math
abs = math.abs
acos = function (x) return math.deg(math.acos(x)) end
asin = function (x) return math.deg(math.asin(x)) end
atan = function (x) return math.deg(math.atan(x)) end
atan2 = function (x,y) return math.deg(math.atan2(x,y)) end
ceil = math.ceil
cos = function (x) return math.cos(math.rad(x)) end
deg = math.deg
exp = math.exp
floor = math.floor
frexp = math.frexp
ldexp = math.ldexp
log = math.log
log10 = math.log10
max = math.max
min = math.min
mod = math.mod
PI = math.pi
--??? pow = math.pow  
rad = math.rad
random = math.random
randomseed = math.randomseed
sin = function (x) return math.sin(math.rad(x)) end
sqrt = math.sqrt
tan = function (x) return math.tan(math.rad(x)) end

-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- string library
local str = string
strbyte = str.byte
strchar = str.char
strfind = str.find
format = str.format
gsub = str.gsub
strlen = str.len
strlower = str.lower
strrep = str.rep
strsub = str.sub
strupper = str.upper

-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- os library
clock = os.clock
date = os.date
difftime = os.difftime
execute = os.execute --?
exit = os.exit
getenv = os.getenv
remove = os.remove
rename = os.rename
setlocale = os.setlocale
time = os.time
tmpname = os.tmpname

-------------------------------------------------------------------
-- compatibility only
getglobal = function (n) return _G[n] end
setglobal = function (n,v) _G[n] = v end

-------------------------------------------------------------------

local io, tab = io, table

-- IO library (files)
_STDIN = io.stdin
_STDERR = io.stderr
_STDOUT = io.stdout
_INPUT = io.stdin
_OUTPUT = io.stdout
seek = io.stdin.seek   -- sick ;-)
tmpfile = io.tmpfile
closefile = io.close
openfile = io.open

function flush (f)
  if f then f:flush()
  else _OUTPUT:flush()
  end
end

function readfrom (name)
  if name == nil then
    local f, err, cod = io.close(_INPUT)
    _INPUT = io.stdin
    return f, err, cod
  else
    local f, err, cod = io.open(name, "r")
    _INPUT = f or _INPUT
    return f, err, cod
  end
end

function writeto (name)
  if name == nil then
    local f, err, cod = io.close(_OUTPUT)
    _OUTPUT = io.stdout
    return f, err, cod
  else
    local f, err, cod = io.open(name, "w")
    _OUTPUT = f or _OUTPUT
    return f, err, cod
  end
end

function appendto (name)
  local f, err, cod = io.open(name, "a")
  _OUTPUT = f or _OUTPUT
  return f, err, cod
end

function read (...)
  local f = _INPUT
  if type(arg[1]) == 'userdata' then
    f = tab.remove(arg, 1)
  end
  return f:read(unpack(arg))
end

function write (...)
  local f = _OUTPUT
  if type(arg[1]) == 'userdata' then
    f = tab.remove(arg, 1)
  end
  return f:write(unpack(arg))
end

--- NEW FILE: readonly.lua ---
-- make global variables readonly

local f=function (t,i) error("cannot redefine global variable `"..i.."'",2) end
local g={}
local G=getfenv()
setmetatable(g,{__index=G,__newindex=f})
setfenv(1,g)

-- an example
rawset(g,"x",3)
x=2
y=1	-- cannot redefine `y'