pyopengl-users — Discussion of all PyOpenGL matters.

[PyOpenGL-Users] CVS compiling problem

[Manuel T. <ma...@te...>]

I have tried to compile pyopengl from CVS but it report me the follow
error:

gcc: src/interface/GL.ARB.matrix_palette.c: No existe el fichero o el
directorio
gcc: no hay ficheros de entrada
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

Any suggestions ?

Thanks!
Soul
*************************************************
( sou...@te... )

[Re: Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] blend and depth problem]

[altern <en...@al...>]

Fred Burton wrote:
> altern wrote:
> 
>> hi
>>
>> i am doing a 2D engine with ortographic proyection. I need to 
>> implement alpha blend and also depth, so that the shapes can be drawn 
>> at different z depths but also that the ones on front get blended 
>> against the ones behind. I am getting problems to achive this as 
>> either they wont blend or they wont get drawn on the depth they should.
>>
> Heh, heh, heh...
> 
> Ah... This problem ^_^
> 
> What happens is that if you draw a shape (transparent or not), it draws 
> into the z-buffer as well.
> 
> With an opaque (non-transparent) object, this works fine, since it will 
> prevent a distant object from being drawn over a near object.
> 
> With a transparent object, a near shape will prevent a far shape (that 
> fits entirely within it) from being drawn (if it's drawn after the near 
> shape),  and so it will not "show through".
> 
> You must draw the transparent objects in order, from back to front to 
> make sure that it works right.
> 
> (or, in some cases you can fake it by disabling depth_mask for 
> transparent things, but it's not exactly the same (the case of a whole 
> bunch of mostly transparent things (alpha=0.1 maybe) works ok this way))
> 
> ----
> 
> Draw all the opaque shapes in any order first.
> 
> Then sort the transparent shapes back to front.
> 
> Then draw the transparent shapes in that order (back to front).
> 
> ----

I had more or less understood it finally (i went to bed and next morning
read the text over again with fresh head ). But your explanation has
helped me to get a better understanding. I feel a bit lost in the middle
of matrix, buffers and all this stuff so thanks very much for giving me
a clear-easy to understand picture of the issue, i didnt het for example
that the opaque shapes could be drawn in any order, i thought they all
had to be drawn on order but the opaques before the alphas.


-- 
enrike

[PyOpenGL-Users] blend and depth problem

[altern <en...@al...>]

hi

i am doing a 2D engine with ortographic proyection. I need to implement 
alpha blend and also depth, so that the shapes can be drawn at different 
z depths but also that the ones on front get blended against the ones 
behind. I am getting problems to achive this as either they wont blend 
or they wont get drawn on the depth they should.

After checking out for the whole day and read the redbook and some 
online examples ... as far as i understand  i need to play around with 
these parameters

glEnable(GL_BLEND)
glDepthMask (GL_FALSE)
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA)

#before i draw the alpha shapes, and this:

glDepthMask (GL_TRUE)
glDisable (GL_BLEND)

#before the shapes with no alpha

But still i doesnt work properly. Maybe i need to switch alpha on before 
drawing alpha shapes and as soon as they are drawn switch it  off. i am 
not sure, i have done hundreds of tests today and i am really confused.

can anyone point into some example or solution?

thanks



-- 
enrike

Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] Problems creating a simple 3D engine

[soul <sou...@te...>]

I have solved the "mouse view" problem with this function:

void glutWarpPointer(int x, int y);

This function set the mouse in the x,y positon and this other hide the
cursor.

glutSetCursor(GLUT_CURSOR_NONE)

Using this i don't need use pygame,wxpython or pysdl.   

Thanks Mike!


Soul
*************************************************
( sou...@te... )

[PyOpenGL-Users] multisample + wglPixelFormat Error

[prætor_alpha <pra...@ya...>]

ok, im trying to set multisampling format inside the
program. i have looked at the modules for
wglpixelformatARB and got some code working, but only
to a point. now my code goes like this:

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GL.ARB.multisample import *
from OpenGL.WGL import *
from OpenGL.WGL.ARB.multisample import *
from OpenGL.WGL.ARB.pixel_format import *

<about 500 lines of code>

# some data brought in from the registry
# Fetch= ((size), fullscreen, bits, depth bits,
multisample samples)
Fetch=((800, 600), 1, 32, 32, 6)

pygame.init()

if Fetch[4]>0:
    pygame.display.set_mode(Fetch[0],
OPENGL|DOUBLEBUF|FULLSCREEN, Fetch[2])
    ppfd=[WGL_SAMPLES_ARB, Fetch[4],
WGL_SAMPLE_BUFFERS_ARB, GL_TRUE, WGL_DEPTH_BITS_ARB,
Fetch[3],
          WGL_RED_BITS_ARB, 8, WGL_GREEN_BITS_ARB, 8,
WGL_BLUE_BITS_ARB, 8, WGL_ALPHA_BITS_ARB, 8, 0]
    pfdclass=PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR()
    pfdclass.__repr__()
    for set in range(0, len(ppfd)-1, 2):
        pfdclass.__setattr__(ppfd[set], ppfd[set+1])
    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTORPtr(ppfd)
    hdc=wglGetCurrentDC()
    ipf=ChoosePixelFormat(hdc, pfdclass.this)
    DescribePixelFormat(hdc, ipf, 0, pfdclass.this)
    SetPixelFormat(hdc, ipf, pfdclass.this)
    pygame.quit()
    pygame.init()
    pygame.display.init()

if Fetch[1]:
    pygame.display.set_mode(Fetch[0],
OPENGL|DOUBLEBUF|FULLSCREEN, Fetch[2])
else:
    pygame.display.set_mode(Fetch[0],
OPENGL|DOUBLEBUF, Fetch[2])

<some more code>


and i get:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "3dproject.py", line 523, in ?
    SetPixelFormat(hdc, ipf, pfdclass.this)
WindowsError: [Errno 2000] The pixel format is
invalid.



any help, please??




		
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Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] Problems creating a simple 3D engine

[Mike C. F. <mcf...@ro...>]

soul wrote:
...

>I mean "moving cursor to the center of the window" :-P. Sorry! My is not
>very good. I'm trying to implement a mouse view like 3th person games
>and i need to hold mouse in center of my application window  to do
>this. 
>
>I know how to get mouse position using GLUT but i don't know how to set
>mouse coords. Can you explain me?  
>  
>
I think you are probably looking for something like what you see in this:

*set_visible *
pygame.mouse.set_visible(bool) -> bool

      Shows or hides the mouse cursor. This will return the previous
      visible state of the mouse cursor.
       
      Note that when the cursor is hidden and the application has
      grabbed the input. pygame will force the mouse to stay in the
      center of the screen. Since the mouse is hidden it won't matter
      that it's not moving, but it will keep the mouse from the edges of
      the screen so the relative mouse position will always be true. 

which seems tailor-made for what I gather you're trying to do (i.e. 
create a Quake/Doom style navigation mechanism, where you draw something 
in the center of the screen and pretend that's the mouse cursor, and 
moving the mouse moves the head of the avatar to change what you're 
looking at).

Don't know of a similar mechanism under wxPython or GLUT, but I'd guess 
*someone* has written them at some point.

HTH,
Mike

 
________________________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://www.vrplumber.com
  http://blog.vrplumber.com

Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] Problems creating a simple 3D engine

[soul <sou...@te...>]

El jue, 11-11-2004 a las 14:02 -0500, Mike C. Fletcher escribi=F3:

> Not really sure what you're trying to do, whether you mean "moving the=20
> mouse cursor to the center of the window", which is often called=20
> "warping" the pointer, or whether you mean you want access to the mouse=20
> position in your window.  Both are functions of the GUI library you use=20
> (i.e. PyGame, GLUT, Tkinter, FxPy or wxPython).
>=20

I mean "moving cursor to the center of the window" :-P. Sorry! My is not
very good. I'm trying to implement a mouse view like 3th person games
and i need to hold mouse in center of my application window  to do
this.=20

I know how to get mouse position using GLUT but i don't know how to set
mouse coords. Can you explain me? =20

Thanks
Soul

Soul
*************************************************
( sou...@te... )

Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] Problems creating a simple 3D engine

[Mike C. F. <mcf...@ro...>]

soul wrote:

>Hi! I'm creating a simple 3D engine using pyopengl. At firt time, i
>developing camera movement and I have found with these problems. 
>
>- To implement mouse view, i must put mouse position in the middle of my
>aplicación windows and i don't know how to do it? Maybe using pySDL ? I
>don't know
>  
>
Not really sure what you're trying to do, whether you mean "moving the 
mouse cursor to the center of the window", which is often called 
"warping" the pointer, or whether you mean you want access to the mouse 
position in your window.  Both are functions of the GUI library you use 
(i.e. PyGame, GLUT, Tkinter, FxPy or wxPython).

>- How can i put a pyopengl window in a wxpython aplication ?
>  
>
There is a wxGLCanvas class which provides a fairly generic OpenGL 
canvas.  You can see such a canvas in the wxPython demo, as well as in 
OpenGLContext's wxcontext.py module.

>- There are some way to solve the "fedora core 2/glut functions like
>glutKeyboardUpFunc" problem ? or i must wait fot next version on
>pyopengl ?
>  
>
You'll have to wait for the next release or use the CVS repository and 
rebuild the wrappers with swig 1.3.13.  I'll be trying to get enough 
time to do a release this upcoming weekend.

BTW, you might want to check out some of the other simple Python 3D 
scenegraph engines, such as Zoe or SPyRE, you can find links to them here:
    http://www.vrplumber.com/py3d.py?category=retained
and consider using them as a starting point (keeping in mind that those 
two are LGPL-licensed).

Have fun,
Mike

________________________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://www.vrplumber.com
  http://blog.vrplumber.com

[PyOpenGL-Users] IdleFunc or DisplayFunc?

[<sn...@so...>]

Hi list, I am writing a game and I'm slightly unsure about whether to 
register my main game loop with the 'glutDisplayFunc,' 'glutIdleFunc,' or 
both. Of course, I've got to have the display one somewhere, but should I 
register the same function for both callbacks, or split my main loop into 
game logic and rendering?
That last option seems sometimes to make more sense, sometimes alot less 
sense... I must admit I have never written games on a low enough level to be 
concerned with interactions between the window and the windowing-system. 
What is the best way to do this? 

Amos

Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] Problems creating a simple 3D engine

[Tom D. <td...@yo...>]

soul wrote:
> Hi! I'm creating a simple 3D engine using pyopengl. At firt time, i
> developing camera movement and I have found with these problems. 
> 
> - To implement mouse view, i must put mouse position in the middle of my
> aplicación windows and i don't know how to do it? Maybe using pySDL ? I
> don't know

pygame is built on top of SDL and up to date.

> 
> - How can i put a pyopengl window in a wxpython aplication ?

An example...
"Use wxPython/OpenGL to draw a sphere"
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/325392

> 
> - There are some way to solve the "fedora core 2/glut functions like
> glutKeyboardUpFunc" problem ? or i must wait fot next version on
> pyopengl ?
> 

Don't know, but if you're working with wx and/or pygame, they provide 
access to the mouse.

[PyOpenGL-Users] Problems creating a simple 3D engine

[soul <sou...@te...>]

Hi! I'm creating a simple 3D engine using pyopengl. At firt time, i
developing camera movement and I have found with these problems.=20

- To implement mouse view, i must put mouse position in the middle of my
aplicaci=F3n windows and i don't know how to do it? Maybe using pySDL ? I
don't know

- How can i put a pyopengl window in a wxpython aplication ?

- There are some way to solve the "fedora core 2/glut functions like
glutKeyboardUpFunc" problem ? or i must wait fot next version on
pyopengl ?

Thanks a lot!

Soul



=20

Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] numarray?

[Mike C. F. <mcf...@ro...>]

Fabian Kloosterman wrote:

>Hello,
>
>I would like to use PyOpenGL for a scientific data analysis /
>visualization project that I am planning to start soon. I noticed that
>the PyOpenGL binding is written for Numeric. However, for my project I
>prefer to use numarray. Are there any plans for PyOpenGL to migrate to
>numarray? What would be required to convert Numeric specific code to
>numarray code?
>  
>
I honestly don't know what's involved, not having delved into Numarray's 
API.  Converting to Numarray is pretty far down on my list of PyOpenGL 
todos... far enough that it's not likely to get done in the next 4-6 
months, anyway (wrapping the 184 missing extensions, moving to a modern 
SWIG, and adding OpenGL 1.5 and/or 2.0 support is *far* higher on the list).

Most of the Numpy-specific code is localised in a utility library which 
is linked to each PyOpenGL PYD extension module.  There are some places 
where that idea is violated to provide custom wrappers for individual 
functions, but for the most part it's true.

Enjoy yourself,
Mike

________________________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://www.vrplumber.com
  http://blog.vrplumber.com

[PyOpenGL-Users] Re: problem with glutKeyboardUpFunc and glutFullScreen in pyOpenGL

[Mike C. F. <mcf...@ro...>]

This is caused by the use of FreeGLUT in Fedora Core 2.  FreeGLUT does 
not define the GLUT_XLIB_IMPLEMENTATION constant that PyOpenGL's GLUT 
wrapper uses to determine GLUT version.  As a result PyOpenGL builds for 
a version of GLUT that roughly corresponds to the very first GLUT 
version ever written.

I've checked in changes that work around this in the CVS repository, as 
well as providing wrappers for the FreeGLUT extensions to the GLUT API.  
Should appear in the next PyOpenGL release.

HTH,
Mike

soul wrote:

>I have a problem in pyOpenGL.I'm programing in Linux Fedora Core 2 and I
>  
>
...

>If I use the functions  glutKeyboardUpFunc , I retrieve this error:
>  
>
...

>>NameError: global name 'glutKeyboardUpFunc' is not definedç
>>    
>>
...
 
________________________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://www.vrplumber.com
  http://blog.vrplumber.com

[PyOpenGL-Users] numarray?

[Fabian K. <fk...@MI...>]

Hello,

I would like to use PyOpenGL for a scientific data analysis /
visualization project that I am planning to start soon. I noticed that
the PyOpenGL binding is written for Numeric. However, for my project I
prefer to use numarray. Are there any plans for PyOpenGL to migrate to
numarray? What would be required to convert Numeric specific code to
numarray code?

Thanks,

Fabian Kloosterman

[PyOpenGL-Users] I found glutKeyboardUpFunc

[<sn...@so...>]

I found the problem: freeglut doesn't define GLUT_XLIB_IMPLEMENTATION, at 
all: 

 /*
  * The freeglut and GLUT API versions
  */
 #define  FREEGLUT             1
 #define  GLUT_API_VERSION     4
 #define  FREEGLUT_VERSION_2_0 1 

I've tried to to track through PyOpenGL's code to see where I could insert 
an or statement that would allow for compilation with freeglut, but I can't 
seem to find the exact spot - so I took the easy way out and added the line 

 #define GLUT_XLIB_IMPLEMENTATION 13 

to freeglut_std.h (from which the above code comes), recompiled PyOpenGL, 
and everything works fine.
I'm kinda new to this whole scene, is this a freeglut bug or a pyopengl bug? 
or is it not a bug it all, and should I email someone about it? 

Thanks for all your help. 

Amos Joshua

Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] I lost glutKeyboardUpFunc

[Mike C. F. <mcf...@ro...>]

Check your API version for GLUT, glutKeyboardUpFunc is only defined if 
your GLUT API version is at least 13.  Don't really have time this 
evening to track down what version of GLUT that shows up in (or 
FreeGLUT/OpenGLUT, which is probably what you're using on FC2).

    from OpenGL import GLUT
    print GLUT.__api_version__

if __api_version__ is < 13, then there's probably a problem with how the 
GLUT module is getting built (assuming, of course, that Free/OpenGLUT 
has that part of the GLUT API).  This may require tweaking how the GLUT 
#if statements divide up the .i file.

BTW, glutKeyboardUpFunc is definitely there with GLUT 3.7.6 on Win32 
using PyOpenGL 2.0.1.09

BTW2, you may find my new set of links to Python 3D resources helpful 
when writing your game engine ( 
http://www.vrplumber.com/py3d.py?category=game ).  There are actually 
quite a few engines around these days, though only one or two of them 
are written directly in Python.

Good luck,
Mike

sn...@so... wrote:

> Hi list, I'm having a silly problem: I cannot find glutKeyboardUpFunc.
> I've picked up an old project (python game engine), but I get an error 
> when I try to run it, telling me that "global name 
> 'glutKeyboardUpFunc' is not defined."
> A simple dir(OpenGL.GLUT) revealed that glutKeyboardUpFunc really 
> isn't defined, it's not there at all (glutKeyboardFunc is, though).
> A search for "pyopengl glutkeyboardupfunc" yielded no useful results 
> on google.
> I feel kind of stupid, what am I missing here?
> I'm using pyopengl 2.0.1.09 and python 2.3 on fedora core 2
>
> oh, BTW, if anyone is interested in working on a game engine in 
> python, help is always welcome! (I've already got a wicked sound 
> module based on my own port of FMOD)

________________________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://www.vrplumber.com
  http://blog.vrplumber.com

[PyOpenGL-Users] I lost glutKeyboardUpFunc

[<sn...@so...>]

Hi list, I'm having a silly problem: I cannot find glutKeyboardUpFunc.
I've picked up an old project (python game engine), but I get an error when 
I try to run it, telling me that "global name 'glutKeyboardUpFunc' is not 
defined."
A simple dir(OpenGL.GLUT) revealed that glutKeyboardUpFunc really isn't 
defined, it's not there at all (glutKeyboardFunc is, though).
A search for "pyopengl glutkeyboardupfunc" yielded no useful results on 
google. 

I feel kind of stupid, what am I missing here? 

I'm using pyopengl 2.0.1.09 and python 2.3 on fedora core 2 


oh, BTW, if anyone is interested in working on a game engine in python, help 
is always welcome! (I've already got a wicked sound module based on my own 
port of FMOD)

[PyOpenGL-Users] using imaging subset

[fulko <vw...@fv...>]

Hello,

I would like to use the imaging subset. Right now if I try to use 
glBlendFunc(GL_CONSTANT_COLOR, GL_ZERO)
it results in
NameError: global name 'GL_CONSTANT_COLOR' is not defined

How do I correct that?
I built Opengl from pyopengl_2.0.1.08.orig.tar.gz and run it on
Debian Testing with Python 2.3


Thanks,
Fulko

[PyOpenGL-Users] Collecting links to Python 3D (and related) projects...

[Mike C. F. <mcf...@ro...>]

I've put together a collection of links to Python 3D projects:

    http://www.vrplumber.com/py3d.py

at the moment I only have 36 projects listed.  I *know* there are more 
out there, but tracking them all down myself is rather time-consuming.  
So, if you have, or know of a project that isn't included in the list, 
please send me an email about it.

Have fun,
Mike

________________________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://www.vrplumber.com
  http://blog.vrplumber.com

[PyOpenGL-Users] Core dump with OpenGL.Tk

[<bh...@we...>]

Hello,

I get:

>python
Python 2.4b1 (#1, Oct 18 2004, 20:21:30) 
[GCC 3.4.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import OpenGL
>>> print OpenGL.__version__
2.0.1.09
>>> import OpenGL.Tk
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

"gdb python core" gives

...
#0  0x40d0410e in Togl_Init (interp=0x80fbeb8) at src/Togl-1.6/togl.c:722
722        Tcl_GetVersion(&major,&minor,&patchLevel,&releaseType);

This is a SuSE Linux 9.0 version with lots of patches.

Regards
Berthold
-- 
bh...@we... / http://starship.python.net/crew/bhoel/

[PyOpenGL-Users] Re: PyOpenGL install solved with lots of notes

[Mike C. F. <mcf...@ro...>]

danu kusmana wrote:
...

>2. I think the setup.py from PyOpenGL only looking for
>the libray for GLUT and X11 in the /usr/lib directory.
>I don't know is it only happened in Mandrake 10.0?
>  
>
What directory is appropriate for Mandrake 10.0?  We can certainly add 
other (standard/common) locations to the list in config/linux.cfg if 
they are needed for Mandrake.

Have fun,
Mike

________________________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://www.vrplumber.com
  http://blog.vrplumber.com

[PyOpenGL-Users] PyOpenGL install solved with lots of notes

[danu k. <dan...@ya...>]

Finalllyyyyyyy...

1. I dont understand why the developer of GLUT (until
the latest version: 3.7) still reffering to the
libMesaGL* where in the Mesa website already stated
that they dont use that library anymore. Lots of
changes in Makefile in glut source have to be done.

2. I think the setup.py from PyOpenGL only looking for
the libray for GLUT and X11 in the /usr/lib directory.
I don't know is it only happened in Mandrake 10.0?

even though it is dont have any relation to the
PyOpenGL but when I try to install PIL and SDL_ttf it
always breaks when it try to link to freetype.h. I
erase all the line between #ifndef FT_FREETYPE_H to
#endif that stated the ft2build.h hasn't been build.
The result it works! I don't understand why in the
first place they have to put those line anyway... DUH



danu


		
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[PyOpenGL-Users] failed to install PyOpengl-2.0.1.08 on Mandrake 10.0

[danu k. <dan...@ya...>]

Im using Python 2.3.4 and Mandrake linux 10.0. I don't
know whats wrong when Im trying to install the
PyOpengl-2.0.1.08. I got the message:

gcc -pthread -shared
build/temp.linux-i686-2.3/src/interface/GLUT.o
-L/usr/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/X11/lib
-L/usr/X11R6/lib -Lbuild/temp.linux-i686-2.3 -lGL
-lX11 -lXext -lGLU -lglut -lXi -lXmu -linterface_util
-o build/lib.linux-i686-2.3/OpenGL/GLUT.so
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lglut
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

I suspect it have something to do with the glut. Then
I tried to install glut-3.6 but problem arise again It
require libMesaGLU.so.3. I install the Mesa-6.2
everything ok. But the libMesaGLU still doesnt exist.
In the website it state that the packet doesnt include
the libMesaGLU anymore. but instead they use another
packed oss-openglu-20000925..rpm. But the packet
failed also to install becuse it require
libstdc++-libc6-1-1.so.2. I updated the gcc from 3.3.2
to 3.4.2 but the library required still doenst exist.

What should I do to fix all this problems????

Thanx

danu


		
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Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] Python Qt OpenGL program: Xmu dependency

[Jo V. <jo...@lu...>]

Op ma, 25-10-2004 te 11:47 +1000, schreef Tom Dossis:
> Probably worth checking that pyqt works at all (without gl), and for 
> that matter, that any qt applications work - try some of the qt 
> examples.  You should also try a gl app. (e.g. glxgears).
> 
> Then you can work out if it's a GL, Qt or PyQt issue.

Mmmm, after apt-getting the qt-examples, it works. This package had a
dependency on qt development files which weren't installed apparantly.

Oops! Thanks for your time.

Kind regards,

-- 
Jo Vermeulen <jo...@lu...>

Re: [PyOpenGL-Users] bus error on gluNewQuadric()

[altern <en...@al...>]

hi dave

>>the only thing i changed is that i was actually creating the q =
>>gluNewQuadric() as a to reuse it so that i dont do it everytime i create a
>>circle. Now i put it into the drawing function and there is no problem. I
>>guess osx didnt like to reuse the object and needs to create one new every
>>time.
> 
> 
> OSX's OpenGL implementation requires a GL context to exist before you can 
> create a quadric; this also applies to Linux & probably other Unixes, 
> Windows happens to be different and lets you create a quadric any time.
> 
> So, if you move your gluNewQuadric() call to happen _after_ you've opened 
> a window (for instance, after calling glutCreateWindow), then it should be 
> fine, and you'll only need to create it once.

great. now it does makes sense.
thanks



> --
> Dave Pape                                               Assistant Professor
> dav...@ac...                                 Department of Media Study
> http://resumbrae.com/                                 University at Buffalo
> 


-- 
enrike