Re: [Mingw-users] setenv()

[Keith M. <kei...@us...>]

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On 15/11/16 21:46, Anton Shepelev wrote:
> Is  the  setenv() function from stdlib.h supposed to work in
> MinGW?

Short answer: no.

Explanation:

1) MSVCRT.DLL exports putenv(), (strictly _putenv(), but MinGW defines
   an import library alias with the POSIX.1-2008-XSI compatible name),
   which is semantically similar to the Unix System V function of the
   same name.  However, there is no setenv(), nor any semantically
   similar API, provided by any Windows DLL.

2) Neither putenv(), nor setenv() is required by ISO-C, so, even
   though both are specified by POSIX, it isn't considered imperative
   for MinGW to provide what isn't already provided by MSVCRT.DLL.

> When I compile the following  program:
> 
> #include <stdlib.h> int main( int argc, char** argv ) {
> setenv("test", "1", 1); return 0; }
> 
> I get:
> 
> cco6C8tG.o:test.c:(.text+0x26): undefined reference to `setenv' 
> collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Expected.  C generates an implicit function prototype, at compile time,
but fails at link time, because no such API is available.  There are
two possible solutions, which you could consider:

1) Modify your source, as Eli has suggested, to use [_]putenv()

2) Draw inspiration from the attached modification to your original
   sample code, to implement setenv(), (or, if you raise a feature
   request on the issue tracker, I may consider adding it for the
   next mingwrt release).

> If [I] change the file extension to cpp, the error is different:
> 
> test.cpp: In function 'int main(int, char**)': test.cpp:3:24:
> error: 'setenv' was not declared in this scope { setenv("test",
> "1", 1);

Again, expected; because setenv() is not implemented, <stdlib.h> does
not furnish a prototype, and you're now compiling as C++, which MUST
have a declaration in scope at compile time ... C++ will NOT infer one
implicitly, so this becomes a compile time failure.

> And where is stdlib.h located?  I couldn't discover it using:
> 
> find / -name stdlib.h

Strange; if you have mingwrt properly installed, (as it MUST be for GCC
to work at all), it should be in $MINGW_ROOT/include, (where $MINGW_ROOT
represents the root of your installation tree ... gcc.exe itself will be
installed as $MINGW_ROOT/bin/gcc.exe

- -- 
Regards,
Keith.

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