DLL

In computer science, DLL stands for "Dynamically
Linked Library" (Also "Dynamic Link Library" [*.dll] on
Windows, [*.dylib] on OS X;
"Shared Objects" [*.so] on Linux). This means
they can be compiled outside of ENIGMA, but ENIGMA games can make calls
to them at runtime. Additionally, they are often used for storing pieces
of the game's code that may be changed out frequently. Linking the code
dynamically allows patches to be made to games to change the behavior of
a wide range of events.

ENIGMA itself also takes the form of a DLL for
interacting with LateralGM as a
Plugin.

Use

In Game Maker, DLLs served mostly as a means of
extending the engine. In ENIGMA, however, C++ can already be used to
amend or append the engine, and so DLLs will not so frequently be
necessary for the sole purpose of extending language functionality.

Part of ENIGMA's philosophy is to not require DLLs in a stand-alone
game.

There are presently no solid plans for DLLs in terms of modularizing
individual objects in the game, though in the future it is likely for
there to be a method of exporting individual objects and functions to
separate modules .

Reading DLLs

For the purposes of emulating Game Maker's
external_define(), a method needs to be
used that allows loading DLLs without knowing anything about them at
compile time. This presents an issue in a type-safe language such as
C++. Originally, small pieces of assembly were used to pull off the
feat, but LibFFI later proved to be a more elegant, more encompassing
solution.

LibFFI

On Windows, ENIGMA interfaces with [*.dll] link libraries via
LibFFI1. LibFFI is described as a
"Portable Foreign Function Interface Library." It allows calls to be
made to external libraries by manually setting up the calling convention
when passed a sequence of values and a type index. ENIGMA uses only
char* and double, making the calls to FFI (and the defining of a
function from EDL) relatively trivial.

DLL Functions

• Defines a DLL function to call, returning its ID.

• Calls a previously defined external function.

• Frees a previously defined external function. Frees the DLL if no
  more of its functions are in use.