[Docutils-checkins] SF.net SVN: docutils:[7317] trunk/docutils

[<mi...@us...>]

Revision: 7317
          http://docutils.svn.sourceforge.net/docutils/?rev=7317&view=rev
Author:   milde
Date:     2012-01-19 11:55:26 +0000 (Thu, 19 Jan 2012)
Log Message:
-----------
Fix handling of missing stylesheets. Updated and simplied tests.

Missing stylesheets are no reason to abort conversion:
Report as error and insert a comment in the output doc.

Modified Paths:
--------------
    trunk/docutils/HISTORY.txt
    trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/__init__.py
    trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/html4css1/__init__.py
    trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/latex2e/__init__.py
    trunk/docutils/test/test_writers/test_latex2e.py

Added Paths:
-----------
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/stylesheet_path_html4css1.html
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/stylesheet_path_html4css1.py

Removed Paths:
-------------
    trunk/docutils/test/data/hidden.css
    trunk/docutils/test/data/spam.sty
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_embed_rst_html4css1.html
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.html
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_rst_html4css1.html
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_embedd_rst_html4css1.py
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.py
    trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_rst_html4css1.py

Modified: trunk/docutils/HISTORY.txt
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/HISTORY.txt	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/HISTORY.txt	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -13,17 +13,15 @@
 
 .. contents::
 
-
 Changes Since 0.8.1
 ===================
 
 * General:
 
-  - reStructuredText "code" role and directive with syntax highlighting
-    by Pygments_.
-  - "code" option of the "include" directive.
+  - New reStructuredText "code" role and directive and "code" option
+    of the "include" directive with syntax highlighting by Pygments_.
   - Fix parse_option_marker for option arguments containing ``=``.
-
+  
 .. _Pygments: http://pygments.org/
 
 * setup.py
@@ -61,16 +59,17 @@
 
   - Support the `abbreviation` and `acronym` standard roles.
   - Record only files required to generate the LaTeX source as dependencies.
+  - Fix handling of missing stylesheets.
 
 * docutils/writers/html4css1/__init__.py
 
   - Change default for `math-output` setting to MathJax.
+  - Fix handling of missing stylesheets.
 
 * docutils/writers/docutils_xml.py
 
-  - Use the visitor pattern with default methods instead of minidom
-    to facilitate special handling of selected nodes.
-    
+  - Use the visitor pattern with default_visit()/default_depart() methods
+    instead of minidom to facilitate special handling of selected nodes.
   - Support raw XML (inserted as-is inside a <raw></raw> node).
 
 Release 0.8.1 (2011-08-30)

Modified: trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/__init__.py
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/__init__.py	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/__init__.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
     def __init__(self):
 
-        # Used by HTML and LaTex writer for output fragments:
+        # Used by HTML and LaTeX writer for output fragments:
         self.parts = {}
         """Mapping of document part names to fragments of `self.output`.
         Values are Unicode strings; encoding is up to the client.  The 'whole'

Modified: trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/html4css1/__init__.py
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/html4css1/__init__.py	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/html4css1/__init__.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # $Id$
-# Author: David Goodger <go...@py...>
+# Author: David Goodger
+# Maintainer: doc...@li...
 # Copyright: This module has been placed in the public domain.
 
 """
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
         PIL = None
 import docutils
 from docutils import frontend, nodes, utils, writers, languages, io
+from docutils.error_reporting import SafeString
 from docutils.transforms import writer_aux
 from docutils.math import unichar2tex, pick_math_environment
 from docutils.math.latex2mathml import parse_latex_math
@@ -286,19 +288,8 @@
             # encoding not interpolated:
             self.html_prolog.append(self.xml_declaration)
         self.head = self.meta[:]
-        # stylesheets
-        styles = utils.get_stylesheet_list(settings)
-        if settings.stylesheet_path and not(settings.embed_stylesheet):
-            styles = [utils.relative_path(settings._destination, sheet)
-                      for sheet in styles]
-        if settings.embed_stylesheet:
-            self.stylesheet = [self.embedded_stylesheet %
-                io.FileInput(source_path=sheet, encoding='utf-8').read()
-                for sheet in styles]
-            settings.record_dependencies.add(*styles)
-        else: # link to stylesheets
-            self.stylesheet = [self.stylesheet_link % self.encode(stylesheet)
-                               for stylesheet in styles]
+        self.stylesheet = [self.stylesheet_call(path) 
+                           for path in utils.get_stylesheet_list(settings)]
         self.body_prefix = ['</head>\n<body>\n']
         # document title, subtitle display
         self.body_pre_docinfo = []
@@ -377,6 +368,26 @@
             encoded = encoded.replace('.', '&#46;')
         return encoded
 
+    def stylesheet_call(self, path):
+        """Return code to reference or embed stylesheet file `path`"""
+        if self.settings.embed_stylesheet:
+            try:
+                content = io.FileInput(source_path=path,
+                                       encoding='utf-8',
+                                       handle_io_errors=False).read()
+                self.settings.record_dependencies.add(path)
+            except IOError, err:
+                msg = u"Cannot embed stylesheet '%s': %s." % (
+                                path, SafeString(err.strerror))
+                self.document.reporter.error(msg)
+                return '<--- %s --->\n' % msg
+            return self.embedded_stylesheet % content
+        # else link to style file:
+        if self.settings.stylesheet_path:
+            # adapt path relative to output (cf. config.html#stylesheet-path)
+            path = utils.relative_path(self.settings._destination, path)
+        return self.stylesheet_link % self.encode(path)
+
     def starttag(self, node, tagname, suffix='\n', empty=0, **attributes):
         """
         Construct and return a start tag given a node (id & class attributes

Modified: trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/latex2e/__init__.py
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/latex2e/__init__.py	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/docutils/writers/latex2e/__init__.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # .. coding: utf8
 # $Id$
-# Author: Engelbert Gruber <gr...@us...>
+# Author: Engelbert Gruber, Günter Milde
+# Maintainer: doc...@li...
 # Copyright: This module has been placed in the public domain.
 
 """LaTeX2e document tree Writer."""
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@
 import string
 import urllib
 from docutils import frontend, nodes, languages, writers, utils, io
+from docutils.error_reporting import SafeString
 from docutils.transforms import writer_aux
 from docutils.math import pick_math_environment, unichar2tex
 
@@ -492,11 +494,6 @@
 \DUprovidelength{\DUdocinfowidth}{0.9\textwidth}"""
 # PreambleCmds.docinfo._depends = 'providelength'
 
-PreambleCmds.embedded_package_wrapper = r"""\makeatletter
-%% embedded stylesheet: %s
-%s
-\makeatother"""
-
 PreambleCmds.dedication = r"""
 % dedication topic
 \providecommand{\DUtopicdedication}[1]{\begin{center}#1\end{center}}"""
@@ -970,7 +967,6 @@
         self.use_latex_toc = settings.use_latex_toc
         self.use_latex_docinfo = settings.use_latex_docinfo
         self._use_latex_citations = settings.use_latex_citations
-        self.embed_stylesheet = settings.embed_stylesheet
         self._reference_label = settings.reference_label
         self.hyperlink_color = settings.hyperlink_color
         self.compound_enumerators = settings.compound_enumerators
@@ -1037,7 +1033,6 @@
         self.requirements = SortableDict() # made a list in depart_document()
         self.requirements['__static'] = r'\usepackage{ifthen}'
         self.latex_preamble = [settings.latex_preamble]
-        self.stylesheet = []
         self.fallbacks = SortableDict() # made a list in depart_document()
         self.pdfsetup = [] # PDF properties (hyperref package)
         self.title = []
@@ -1109,30 +1104,10 @@
             self.requirements['typearea'] = r'\usepackage{typearea}'
 
         # Stylesheets
-        # get list of style sheets from settings
-        styles = utils.get_stylesheet_list(settings)
-        # adapt path if --stylesheet_path is used
-        if settings.stylesheet_path and not(self.embed_stylesheet):
-            styles = [utils.relative_path(settings._destination, sheet)
-                      for sheet in styles]
-        for sheet in styles:
-            (base, ext) = os.path.splitext(sheet)
-            is_package = ext in ['.sty', '']
-            if self.embed_stylesheet:
-                if is_package:
-                    sheet = base + '.sty' # adapt package name
-                    # wrap in \makeatletter, \makeatother
-                    wrapper = PreambleCmds.embedded_package_wrapper
-                else:
-                    wrapper = '%% embedded stylesheet: %s\n%s'
-                settings.record_dependencies.add(sheet)
-                self.stylesheet.append(wrapper %
-                    (sheet, io.FileInput(source_path=sheet, encoding='utf-8').read()))
-            else: # link to style sheet
-                if is_package:
-                    self.stylesheet.append(r'\usepackage{%s}' % base)
-                else:
-                    self.stylesheet.append(r'\input{%s}' % sheet)
+        # (the name `self.stylesheet` is singular because only one
+        # stylesheet was supported before Docutils 0.6).
+        self.stylesheet = [self.stylesheet_call(path) 
+                           for path in utils.get_stylesheet_list(settings)]
 
         # PDF setup
         if self.hyperlink_color in ('0', 'false', 'False', ''):
@@ -1150,7 +1125,11 @@
         ##    self.requirements['tocdepth'] = (r'\setcounter{tocdepth}{%d}' %
         ##                                     len(self.d_class.sections))
 
-        # LaTeX section numbering
+        # Section numbering
+        # TODO: use \secnumdepth instead of starred commands
+        ## if self.settings.sectnum_xform: # section numbering by Docutils
+        ##     sectnum_depth = 0
+        ## else:
         if not self.settings.sectnum_xform: # section numbering by LaTeX:
             # sectnum_depth:
             #   None  "sectnum" directive without depth arg -> LaTeX default
@@ -1180,7 +1159,7 @@
                 self.requirements['sectnum_start'] = (
                     r'\setcounter{%s}{%d}' % (self.d_class.sections[0],
                                               settings.sectnum_start-1))
-            # currently ignored (configure in a stylesheet):
+            # TODO: currently ignored (configure in a stylesheet):
             ## settings.sectnum_prefix
             ## settings.sectnum_suffix
 
@@ -1188,6 +1167,41 @@
     # Auxiliary Methods
     # -----------------
 
+    def stylesheet_call(self, path):
+        """Return code to reference or embed stylesheet file `path`"""
+        # is it a package (no extension or *.sty) or "normal" tex code:
+        (base, ext) = os.path.splitext(path)
+        is_package = ext in ['.sty', '']
+        # Embed content of style file:
+        if self.settings.embed_stylesheet:
+            if is_package:
+                path = base + '.sty' # ensure extension
+            try:
+                content = io.FileInput(source_path=path,
+                                       encoding='utf-8',
+                                       handle_io_errors=False).read()
+                self.settings.record_dependencies.add(path)
+            except IOError, err:
+                msg = u"Cannot embed stylesheet '%s':\n  %s." % (
+                                path, SafeString(err.strerror))
+                self.document.reporter.error(msg)
+                return '% ' + msg.replace('\n', '\n% ')
+            if is_package:
+                content = '\n'.join([r'\makeatletter',
+                                     content,
+                                     r'\makeatother'])
+            return '%% embedded stylesheet: %s\n%s' % (path, content)
+        # Link to style file:
+        if is_package:
+            path = base # drop extension
+            cmd = r'\usepackage{%s}'
+        else:
+            cmd = r'\input{%s}'
+        if self.settings.stylesheet_path:
+            # adapt path relative to output (cf. config.html#stylesheet-path)
+            path = utils.relative_path(self.settings._destination, path)
+        return cmd % path
+
     def to_latex_encoding(self,docutils_encoding):
         """Translate docutils encoding name into LaTeX's.
 

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/data/hidden.css
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/data/hidden.css	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/data/hidden.css	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-.hidden {
-  display: none }

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/data/spam.sty
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/data/spam.sty	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/data/spam.sty	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-\ProvidesPackage{spam}
-[2008/12/09 v0.2 simple silly test package]
-\newcommand{\spam}{\@percentchar\ wonderfull spam}

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_embed_rst_html4css1.html
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_embed_rst_html4css1.html	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_embed_rst_html4css1.html	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.9: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
-<title></title>
-<style type="text/css">
-
-.hidden {
-  display: none }
-
-</style>
-<style type="text/css">
-
-dl.docutils dd {
-  margin-bottom: 0.5em }
-
-</style>
-</head>
-<body>
-<div class="document">
-
-
-<p>simple input</p>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.html
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.html	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.html	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.9: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
-<title></title>
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../ham.css" type="text/css" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../path/to/spam.css" type="text/css" />
-</head>
-<body>
-<div class="document">
-
-
-<p>simple input</p>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_rst_html4css1.html
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_rst_html4css1.html	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_rst_html4css1.html	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.9: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
-<title></title>
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="ham.css" type="text/css" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/spam.css" type="text/css" />
-</head>
-<body>
-<div class="document">
-
-
-<p>simple input</p>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>

Copied: trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/stylesheet_path_html4css1.html (from rev 7307, trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.html)
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/stylesheet_path_html4css1.html	                        (rev 0)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/expected/stylesheet_path_html4css1.html	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.9: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
+<title></title>
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../data/ham.css" type="text/css" />
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="/missing.css" type="text/css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<div class="document">
+
+
+<p>simple input</p>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_embedd_rst_html4css1.py
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_embedd_rst_html4css1.py	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_embedd_rst_html4css1.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# Source and destination file names.
-test_source = "simple.txt"
-test_destination = "multistyle_path_embed_rst_html4css1.html"
-
-# Keyword parameters passed to publish_file.
-reader_name = "standalone"
-parser_name = "rst"
-writer_name = "html4css1"
-
-# Settings
-# test for encoded attribute value:
-settings_overrides['stylesheet'] = ''
-settings_overrides['stylesheet_path'] = 'data/hidden.css,data/ham.css'
-settings_overrides['embed_stylesheet'] = 1

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.py
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.py	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# Source and destination file names.
-test_source = "simple.txt"
-test_destination = "multistyle_path_rst_html4css1.html"
-
-# Keyword parameters passed to publish_file.
-reader_name = "standalone"
-parser_name = "rst"
-writer_name = "html4css1"
-
-# Settings
-# test for encoded attribute value:
-settings_overrides['stylesheet'] = ''
-settings_overrides['stylesheet_path'] = 'ham.css,path/to/spam.css'
-settings_overrides['embed_stylesheet'] = 0

Deleted: trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_rst_html4css1.py
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_rst_html4css1.py	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_rst_html4css1.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# Source and destination file names.
-test_source = "simple.txt"
-test_destination = "multistyle_rst_html4css1.html"
-
-# Keyword parameters passed to publish_file.
-reader_name = "standalone"
-parser_name = "rst"
-writer_name = "html4css1"
-
-# Settings
-# test for encoded attribute value:
-settings_overrides['stylesheet'] = 'ham.css,/spam.css'
-settings_overrides['stylesheet_path'] = ''
-settings_overrides['embed_stylesheet'] = 0

Copied: trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/stylesheet_path_html4css1.py (from rev 7307, trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/multistyle_path_embedd_rst_html4css1.py)
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/stylesheet_path_html4css1.py	                        (rev 0)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/functional/tests/stylesheet_path_html4css1.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Test re-writing of stylesheet paths relative to output directory
+
+# Source and destination file names.
+test_source = "simple.txt"
+test_destination = "stylesheet_path_html4css1.html"
+
+# Keyword parameters passed to publish_file.
+reader_name = "standalone"
+parser_name = "rst"
+writer_name = "html4css1"
+
+# Settings
+settings_overrides['stylesheet'] = ''
+settings_overrides['stylesheet_path'] = 'data/ham.css,/missing.css'
+settings_overrides['embed_stylesheet'] = False

Modified: trunk/docutils/test/test_writers/test_latex2e.py
===================================================================
--- trunk/docutils/test/test_writers/test_latex2e.py	2012-01-19 11:31:58 UTC (rev 7316)
+++ trunk/docutils/test/test_writers/test_latex2e.py	2012-01-19 11:55:26 UTC (rev 7317)
@@ -17,23 +17,22 @@
 
 from __init__ import DocutilsTestSupport
 
-from docutils._compat import b
-
 def suite():
-    settings = {'use_latex_toc': 0}
+    settings = {'use_latex_toc': False}
     s = DocutilsTestSupport.PublishTestSuite('latex', suite_settings=settings)
     s.generateTests(totest)
-    settings['use_latex_toc'] = 1
+    settings['use_latex_toc'] = True
     s.generateTests(totest_latex_toc)
-    settings['use_latex_toc'] = 0
-    settings['sectnum_xform'] = 0
+    settings['use_latex_toc'] = False
+    settings['sectnum_xform'] = False
     s.generateTests(totest_latex_sectnum)
-    settings['sectnum_xform'] = 1
-    settings['use_latex_citations'] = 1
+    settings['sectnum_xform'] = True
+    settings['use_latex_citations'] = True
     s.generateTests(totest_latex_citations)
     settings['stylesheet_path'] = 'data/spam,data/ham.tex'
     s.generateTests(totest_stylesheet)
-    settings['embed_stylesheet'] = 1
+    settings['embed_stylesheet'] = True
+    settings['warning_stream'] = ''
     s.generateTests(totest_stylesheet_embed)
     return s
 
@@ -659,13 +658,8 @@
 # input
 ["""two stylesheets embedded in the header""",
 head_template.substitute(dict(parts, stylesheet =
-r"""\makeatletter
-% embedded stylesheet: data/spam.sty
-\ProvidesPackage{spam}
-[2008/12/09 v0.2 simple silly test package]
-\newcommand{\spam}{\@percentchar\ wonderfull spam}
-
-\makeatother
+r"""% Cannot embed stylesheet 'data/spam.sty':
+%   No such file or directory.
 % embedded stylesheet: data/ham.tex
 \newcommand{\ham}{wonderful ham}
 

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