you don't need alsa to 'detect' anything. If you know your card and your card has Linux kernel drive - you can 'modprobe' the card's module/driver. With that said, there is ALSA app that does exactly that, detects devices and attempts to load associated modules. I am on DOZE at work and can't tell which one. Internet access is also limited.
If you are right, you can force aplay to play in format that would be in 16Bit and if you hear sound = you are right in your guess. You can force resolutin of the sound in config file asoundrc to 16bit. and sound card wont use wrong resolution as such.
Your question, I am not sure I can understand it. I would suspect others don't understand it, hence no responses. Pperhaps clarify yourself. What are you trying to achieve? First check if you have both devices ASUS and USB device in list of ALSA devices? Are you trying to have USB device as default sound card?
sounds a lot like a driver bug... perhaps report to devs?
I am by all means am not proficient enough to answer any questions here. My guess is that you are seeking for - is this: https://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/A52_plugin Do you have A52 libraries installed on the PC? Because apart from having ALSA which supports A52(ALSA needs to be configred with it), you also need to have A52 libraries installed, which depends on distro, most distros, would not have installed. I dont know if you have itnstalled or not, checking it first might not be bad ...
Hello, I have Asus Xonair DX sound card. It allows above 96khertz output.(192 actually!!!) card: https://www.asus.com/Sound-Cards/Xonar_DX/specifications/ It works and works fine! Only problem, DMIX is enabled by default for several source to work properly. And problem with it - it's limiting to 44 or to 41 khertz sound. Which is bit of shame. And I understand why. You need to have low frequency response for small buffer, which is needed for low latency in games, skype, etc. In past I created 2 'logical'...