GPT-4V (Vision)

Molmo is a family of open, state-of-the-art multimodal AI models developed by the Allen Institute for AI (Ai2). These models are designed to bridge the gap between open and proprietary systems, achieving competitive performance across a wide range of academic benchmarks and human evaluations. Unlike many existing multimodal models that rely heavily on synthetic data from proprietary systems, Molmo is trained entirely on open data, ensuring transparency and reproducibility. A key innovation in Molmo's development is the introduction of PixMo, a novel dataset comprising highly detailed image captions collected from human annotators using speech-based descriptions, as well as 2D pointing data that enables the models to answer questions using both natural language and non-verbal cues. This allows Molmo to interact with its environment in more nuanced ways, such as pointing to objects within images, thereby enhancing its applicability in fields like robotics and augmented reality.

LLaVA (Large Language-and-Vision Assistant) is an innovative multimodal model that integrates a vision encoder with the Vicuna language model to facilitate comprehensive visual and language understanding. Through end-to-end training, LLaVA exhibits impressive chat capabilities, emulating the multimodal functionalities of models like GPT-4. Notably, LLaVA-1.5 has achieved state-of-the-art performance across 11 benchmarks, utilizing publicly available data and completing training in approximately one day on a single 8-A100 node, surpassing methods that rely on billion-scale datasets. The development of LLaVA involved the creation of a multimodal instruction-following dataset, generated using language-only GPT-4. This dataset comprises 158,000 unique language-image instruction-following samples, including conversations, detailed descriptions, and complex reasoning tasks. This data has been instrumental in training LLaVA to perform a wide array of visual and language tasks effectively.