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The Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit (CNTK) is an open-source toolkit for commercial-grade distributed deep learning. It describes neural networks as a series of computational steps via a directed graph. CNTK allows the user to easily realize and combine popular model types such as feed-forward DNNs, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs/LSTMs). CNTK implements stochastic gradient descent (SGD, error backpropagation) learning with automatic differentiation and parallelization across multiple GPUs and servers. CNTK can be included as a library in your Python, C#, or C++ programs, or used as a standalone machine-learning tool through its own model description language (BrainScript). In addition you can use the CNTK model evaluation functionality from your Java programs. CNTK supports 64-bit Linux or 64-bit Windows operating systems. To install you can either choose pre-compiled binary packages, or compile the toolkit from the source provided in GitHub.

Luminal is a machine-learning framework built for speed, simplicity, and composability, focusing on static graphs and compiler-based optimization to deliver high performance even for complex neural networks. It compiles models into minimal “primops” (only 12 primitive operations) and then applies compiler passes to replace those with device-specific optimized kernels, enabling efficient execution on GPU or other backends. It supports modules (building blocks of networks with a standard forward API) and the GraphTensor interface (typed tensors and graphs at compile time) for model definition and execution. Luminal’s core remains intentionally small and hackable, with extensibility via external compilers for datatypes, devices, training, quantization, and more. Quick-start guidance shows how to clone the repo, build a “Hello World” example, or run a larger model like LLaMA 3 using GPU features.