cdrecord Files

	This directory includes binary versions of cdrecord-ProDVD
			for various platforms


	NOTE: the DVD-recording drivers have been added to the OpenSource
	part on May 15th 2006 with cdrtools-2.01.01a09.

		See ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/cdrecord/alpha/

There is no longer a need for a key.


	Versions up to 2.0.1 support CD-R/CD-RW & DVD-R/DVD/RW.
	Version 2.01a11 and newer support DVD+R/DVD+RW in addition.

	The binaries allow you to write either complete DVD-R & DVD-RW media
	when using the -dummy option or to write up to 1 GB of real data
	to a single media. As DVD+R/DVD+RW does not support a -dummy mode, you
	do not have the option to write a full DVD+R/RW medium in dummy mode.


--->	You need a key to unlock unlimited writing.

--->	This file contains a key for most platforms that may be used for
	private/educational/research use.	

	*** Important:	you need to read _all_ in this file in order to
			understand it.

-->	If you like to get a key for Cdrecord-ProDVD, read the file
-->	README.key (ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/cdrecord/ProDVD/README.key)
-->	for instructions for requesting a key via mail.


	IMPORTANT NOTE: DVD+R and DVD+RW are not official DVD formats
	from the DVD-Forum. The drives are available for a short time
	only. This is the reason why support for DVD+R/RW did appear first
	at 14.4.2003 in cdrecord-ProDVD. These drives use a completely
	different command set and completely different usage paradigmas.
	As I received the DVD+R/RW drive samples too late for the 2.0 release
	(although developer samples have been available more than 6 months
	earlier) DVD+ support is only available in release 2.01.

	DVD-RAM behaves like a slow hard disk. It makes no sense to use
	cdrecord with DVD-RAM. But as DVD+RW behaves similar to DVD-RAM
	once it has been formatted (DVD-RAM is hard-sectored and needs no
	format), it may be that future versions of cdrecord will support
	even DVD-RAM. Meanwhile use "readcd -w ...." instead.
	The program "readcd" is part of the free GPL'd version of cdrtools.

********** NEW: On March 9th, we are celebrating 6 years of cdrecord-ProDVD

	cdrecord-ProDVD has been free for research or educational porposes
	since January 2002.

	cdrecord-ProDVD is now free for private non-commercial purposes too.

	If you have this key (this one has been renewed on February 4th 2006):

CDR_SECURITY=8:dvd,clone:sparc-sun-solaris2,i386-pc-solaris2,i586-pc-linux,x86_64-unknown-linux,x86_64-pc-linux,powerpc-apple,hppa,powerpc-ibm-aix,i386-unknown-freebsd,i386-unknown-openbsd,i386-unknown-netbsd,powerpc-apple-netbsd,i386-pc-bsdi,mips-sgi-irix,i386-pc-sco,i586-pc-cygwin,i586-pc-beos:1.11::1170000000:::private/research/educational_non-commercial_use:7.YjWqAwHb8u/twYtVoFOpvTrSQQO7j5ps78G.STLd/xz22BABAS6Z82rb4

	as environment variable, cdrecord-ProDVD will not be limited
	when writing DVDs. Cdrecord-ProDVD-1.11a34 and before did limit
	the CD writing speed to 1. But note that the CD write speed
	is only limited when the CDR_SECURITY= environment contains the
	"lowspeed" tag.
	If the environment variable CDR_SECURITY= is not present, the
	cdrecord-ProDVD binaries don't limit the CD write speed.
	It makes sense to write a wrapper script for DVD only for this
	reason (see below).

	If you only get a write speed of 1x, this is because you are using
	media that is not supported by your writer!

	The license works on Solaris and Linux (which are the most popular
	operating systems). A lot of other OS have been added recently.
	If you are using a different (non Microsoft) OS, ask me for a key
	if your OS is not yet supported!

	As I am not sure if people will follow my licensing rules, so these
	keys are time limited and will expire on 2007 Jan 28 17:00:00
	I will continue to make private/educational/research use free,
	but it may be that you need to request your private key for free
	after 2007 Jan 28 17:00:00.

	If you get an "Alarm clock" abort from cdrecord-ProDVD, then you
	are experiencing license problems. Possible reasons are:

	-	Your time and date is set to a value before the link
		time of cdrecord.

	-	You are using a Alpha binary that is more than a year old.
		Note that cdrecord-ProDVD binaries that contain the letter 'a'
		in the version string will stop working one year after 
		the day of the creation of the binary.

		********
		WARNING: If you fetch an alpha binary (the name is something
		like 1.11a11 and the "a" inside the version string denotes
		the alpha state) please keep in mind that the binary is limited
		to work about one year. So please fetch a new binary from time
		to time if you are running an alpha version.
		********

		The time limitation os the binary is independant of the time
		limit of a key.

	-	You are using an expired key.
		Check for a new one to verify if the key has expired.

	-	Your binary has been otherwise broken.
		Fetch a new binary and make sure that you select binary
		mode (via "set bin") for FTP.

	As cdrecord will write CDs at limited speed if a key with the  
	"lowspeed" property is seen, you should put the key into a shell script
	wrapper like:

	#!/bin/sh
	CDR_SECURITY=8:dvd,clone,lowspeed:.... <= use full key here
	export CDR_SECURITY
	exec cdrecord-ProDVD "$@"

	Note that since 2003, the keys don't contain the "lowspeed"
	property anymore, so you may just export CDR_SECURITY to
	your normal shell environment.

	An example script with the most recent key can be found in the
	file cdrecord-wrapper.sh

	If you then call cdrecord-ProDVD directly, it will not write DVDs
	and it will not clone CDs but it will otherwise behave like the
	GPL'd cdrecord. If you call cdrecord-wrapper.sh, then the 
	clone and enhanced DVD features are enabled.

**************************************************************************


Note that it depends on the OS, whether reading DVD's will actually work.

Linux has a bug in the ISO-9660 filesystem code that will shorten
all files on a DVD to at most 16 MB. I send a patch for this
problem to Alan Cox on 10.10.2001, it has been included in Linux-2.4.13-pre3
dated 16.10.2001.

Solaris seems to have a "folding" problem beyond 4 GB on the media.
If you find that the file tree on a filled 4.7 GB DVD is not
identical to the original, you are most likely hit by this problem.

Solaris 2.6      ->  patch 105486-07 is supposed to fix bugid 4356459 but doesn't .
Solaris 2.6_x86  ->  patch 105487-07 is supposed to fix bugid 4356459 but may not, given the behavior of 105486-07.

Solaris 7        -> patch 107465-05 is supposed to fix bugid 4356459 .
Solaris 7_x86    -> patch 107466-05 is supposed to fix bugid 4356459 .

Solaris 8        -> patch 109764-04 is known to fix bugid 4356459 .
Solaris 8_x86    -> patch 109765-04 is known to fix bugid 4356459 .


For other OS please try out and report.


USAGE:

	IMPORTANT NOTICE:

	***********
		DVDs may be written in SAO mode or in packet
		mode. Cdrecord currently only supports SAO mode.
		Cdrecord-ProDVD-1.11a35 and later allow to specify
		-dao for correctness. Later versions of cdrecord 
		will only write DVDs if -dao is specified.

		With versions made before Cdrecord-ProDVD-1.11a35
		you may not use -dao although cdrecord will write
		in SAO mode.
	***********


	1) Copy DVD (DVD-R & DVD-RW):

		Step 1:	"readcd dev=b,t,l f=somefile"
		Step 2: "cdrecord dev=b,t,l -v somefile"

	Note that there may be DVD's that hold more than 4.7 GB
	because they are multi-layer DVD's. You cannot copy those
	DVD's using the method above.

	The program "readcd" is part of the free GPL'd version of cdrtools.

	2) Create your own DVD from fs tree on current directory
		(DVD-R & DVD-RW):

		Step 1:	"mkisofs -R -J  -o somefile ."
		Step 2: "cdrecord dev=b,t,l -v somefile"

	2a) Create your own DVD from fs tree on current directory
	    Non Large File variant:

		Step 1:	"mkisofs -R -J  -split-output -o somefile ."
		Step 2: "cdrecord dev=b,t,l -v somefile*"

	mkisofs will create several approx. 1 GB files named:
		somefile_00, somefile_01, somefile_02, ...

	cdrecord will activate the Virtual Track method for writing.

	Note that you may have troubles with large files on a 
	large file aware OS if the shell you are using is not
	large file enabled.


	3) Erase data on DVD-RW:

		call: "cdrecord dev=b,t,l -v blank=fast"
		or:   "cdrecord dev=b,t,l -v blank=all"


On Mac OS X, it is currently not possible to use the bus,target,lun device
naming - Thanks to Apple ;-)

Try this:
		cdrecord-ProDVD dev=IODVDServices
instead.


NOTE: a DVD always is at least about 800MB in size. If you write less
data, the drive adds padding during the fixation process. So please stay
quiet when fixating takes a long time.

The Pioneer DVR-S101 & DVR-S201 write CD-R's in 1x DVD speed, this
is approx. 1385 kB/s

The Pioneer A03 writes DVD-R's in 2x DVD speed, this is approx. 2770 kB/s
The Pioneer A03 writes DVD-RW's in 1x DVD speed, this is approx. 1385 kB/s

You need to make sure that your system is fast enough for this speed.
It you are using the Pioneer A03, you need to make sure that DMA is used
for IDE transfers. To verify this, insert a DVD-ROM with more than 2GB
of data and call "readcd dev=b,t,l f=/dev/null" and check the read speed
which is printed at the end of the process. It should be > 3 MB/s
The program "readcd" is part of the free GPL'd version of cdrtools.


DVD+RW notes:

A DVD+RW works similar to a DVD-RAM. Exceptions are:

	-	You need to format it before first usage (this is done
		automatically by cdrecord)

	-	You cannot blank it (Exception are current Ricoh based drives).

	-	You cannot remove the media after writing before
		cdrecord did run it's internal "fixating" procedure.

If you have an Operating system that includes kernel level UDF write support,
you may use cdrecord-ProDVD to prepare the media. 

Usage in this case:

1) Call cdrecord dev=b,t,l -format -v

2) Create a new filesystem on the device

3) Mount the device and write to it

4) Unmount the device

5) Call cdrecord dev=b,t,l -fix -v

6) Remove the media or mount it read-only

If you don't like to use a DVD+RW like a hard disk, just use cdrecord-ProDVD
as you used to use it with DVD-RW media. Instead of blanking the media before
you like to re-use it, just overwrite it.

If you call cdrecord -toc on a formatted DVD+RW media, you just see the maximum
capacity of the media.

Note: you cannot use cdrecord -dummy .... for DVD+RW media.


DVD+R notes:

A DVD+R is written in a mode something between TAO and packet writing mode.
Usage is similar to DVD-R. 
If you call cdrecord -toc on a written DVD+R media, you see the used
capacity of the media rounded up to the next 32kB boundary.

Note: you cannot use cdrecord -dummy .... for DVD+R media.