Using viking-1.6.2 on Linux.
If you change the alpha value of a GeoRef layer to any value except 255, the change is reflected in the map display. But if you change it to 255 (fully opaque), after it was lower, the change is not reflected until you save, exit, and restart.
To duplicate: Have a map layer and georef layer. Georef layer alpha starts at 255. Use the georef layer properties dialog to change alpha to 100 (for example) - display changes. Change it back to 255 - display does not change; georef layer is still transparent. Change it down to 30, then up to 253 - displays changes each time. Only 255 does not work. Change it down to 30, then back to 255, save, exit, restart Viking and reload the map - georef layer is opaque.
Possible bug location: src/vikgeoreflayer.c in georef_layer_dialog(), where it checks for vgl->alpha < 255.
Thanks for noticing this and reporting it.
The fix has been committed to the source code repository.