Obviously your bootet that image with your own raspi, since /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules contents your MAC ID:
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?", ATTR{address}=="b8:27:eb:f9:e6:84", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth", NAME="eth0"
However, this entry blocks network completely as eth0 is blocked already with your device. You should fix this.
As a workaround, I deleted /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules and rebooted