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Relative distance tree for storing and searching multidimensional patterns.

Reference:
A Search Technique for Pattern Recognition Using Relative Distances
Thomas E. Portegys (portegys@gmail.com)
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE,
VOL. 17, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 1995

Abstract:
A technique for creating and searching a tree of patterns
using relative distances is presented. The search is conducted to find patterns
which are nearest neighbors of a given test pattern. The structure
of the tree is such that the search time is proportional to the distance between
the test pattern and its nearest neighbor, since a larger tree, which can be
expected on average to contain closer neighbors, can be searched faster than a
smaller tree.