Recent changes to Polymeter Help

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Sun, 07 Jun 2026 07:28:21 -0000

--- v36
+++ v37
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 Index modulation
 
Voicing modulation
 
Offset modulation
+
Delay modulation
 
Queue modulation
 
Views
 
Views
@@ -447,7 +448,8 @@
 ChordNote tracks onlyAdds scale tone to current chordSigned zero-based scale tone index
 IndexNote tracks onlyPicks a scale or chord toneSigned zero-based scale or chord tone index
 VoicingNote tracks onlyDrops or raises a scale or chord toneSigned one-based voice index
-OffsetAll track types except TempoOffsets playback timingOffset in ticks; unsigned for Note or Controller, signed for Modulator
+OffsetAll track types except TempoOffsets timingSigned offset in ticks
+DelayAll track types except Tempo and ModulatorDelays playbackUnsigned delay in ticks
 QueueNote tracks onlyAssigns a sequence of pitches to notesSigned offset in semitones, or in scale or chord tones if indexing
 

@@ -478,7 +480,7 @@
 
-
+
 Target track type Supported modulation types
 Note All except Tempo
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal Mute, Velocity, Position, Offset
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal Mute, Velocity, Position, Offset, Delay
 Tempo Mute, Position, Tempo
 Modulator Mute, Position, Offset; also Note but only if target is a Scale or Chord modulator
 
@@ -823,11 +825,17 @@

 Position modulation

-In position modulation, a track's step array is temporarily rotated left or right by one or more steps. Rotation is similar to shifting, except that it's lossless, because any shifted elements that "fall off" one side wrap around to the other side. For example, rotating 1234 right by one step yields 4123, because the 4 wraps around to the left.
+
In position modulation, a track's step array is temporarily rotated left or right by one or more steps. Rotation is similar to shifting, except that it's lossless, because any shifted elements that "fall off" one side wrap around to the other side. For example, rotating 1234 right by one step yields 4123, because the 4 wraps around to the left.

 
A position modulator track is interpreted as an array of signed offsets (in steps), which determine the amount of rotation. A positive value rotates to the right (later in time), a negative value rotates to the left (earlier in time), and a rotation of zero has no effect. If a target track has multiple position modulators, they're summed.

 
Position modulation is a powerful technique for generating variations. It has a downside however, which is that it can easily cause multiple overlapping instances of the same note on the same channel. On some instruments this may produce undesired artifacts, such as notes being cut off prematurely. For this reason, you may want to prevent note overlaps.
+
+

+To vary a pattern by rotating it, use position modulation, because it's in steps and doesn't affect swing.
+
To synchronize sections, use offset modulation, because it's in ticks and has extended range.
+
To add groove or feel, use delay modulation, because it never skips events.
+

 Tempo modulation

@@ -927,11 +935,23 @@

 Offset modulation

-Offset modulation changes the time offset of a target track. The supported target types are note tracks, controller tracks and modulator tracks. For note and controller tracks, an offset modulator's steps are interpreted as unsigned delays in MIDI ticks. By default, events can only be made later, not earlier, but you can work around this by setting the target track's offset to a negative value. For example if the target track's offset is −64, that gives its offset modulation an effective range of −64 to +63, in other words from 64 ticks early to 63 ticks late.
-
-
Offset modulation changes the rhythmic feel of the target track, periodically speeding it up and slowing it down relative to the beat. It can be used to create rolls on drums, or to emulate the feel changes of a live performer. For best results, use a smooth function such as a triangle or sine wave. Sharp changes in offset modulation may alter the order of events. Offset modulation can cause notes to overlap.
-
-
Modulator tracks can also be offset modulated, but in this case the offset modulator's steps are interpreted as signed values, allowing offsets in the range of −64 to +63. Positive values delay the target; negative values hasten it. Offset modulation is useful for time-shifting a group of modulators that have different quants. Offset modulation is similar to position modulation, except that the shift is specified in ticks instead of steps.
+
Offset modulation changes the target track's time offset. The target track can be any type except tempo. Each step value is interpreted as a signed timing offset in MIDI ticks. Positive values delay the target; negative values hasten it. The offset modulation is added to the track offset. If a target has multiple offset modulations, they're summed.
+
+
To work around the limited range of a step value, offset modulation supports scaling. If the modulator's duration is non-zero, the step value is multiplied by the duration to produce an extended offset. Large offsets suitable for resynchronizing song sections can be created in this way. Scaling also allows offset to be applied in convenient units such as beats or measures, by setting the modulator's duration to the desired unit length in ticks.
+
+
Offset modulation is similar to position modulation, except that the shift is specified in ticks instead of steps. This makes offset modulation ideal for time-shifting a group of tracks that have different quants. Another difference is that offset modulation can affect swing, whereas position modulation never does. Offset modulation can cause events to be skipped, and if this is a problem, use delay modulation instead.
+
+
Offset modulation can cause multiple overlapping instances of the same note on the same channel. On some instruments this may produce undesired artifacts, such as notes being cut off prematurely. For this reason, you may want to prevent note overlaps.
+
+
Delay modulation
+
+Delay modulation postpones the target track's output events by a specified amount. The target track can be any type except tempo or modulator. Each step value is interpreted as an unsigned delay in MIDI ticks. Note that the step value is unsigned because negative delay isn't supported; see below. If a target has multiple delay modulators, they're summed.
+
+
Delay modulation lets you emulate the rhythmic feel of a live performer, by making a track periodically fall behind and then catch up relative to the beat. For best results, change delay gradually using a smooth function such as a triangle or sine wave. Sharp delay changes may alter the order in which events are played. Unlike offset modulation, delay modulation never skips events, which makes it ideal for adding groove.
+
+
Delay modulation can only make events later, not earlier, but you can work around this limitation by setting the target track's offset to a negative value. For example if the target track's offset is −64, that gives its delay modulator an effective range of −64 to +63, in other words from 64 ticks early to 63 ticks late. To obtain longer delays that exceed the range of a step value, apply multiple delay modulators to the target track.
+
+
Unlike offset modulation which is an input to event generation, delay modulation is a post-process applied after an event is generated. Whereas offset shifts the clock that's used to decide if and when an event should occur, delay is added after that decision, while the event is being queued for output. Because delay is a post-process, any other modulation types that affect a delayed event are based on the event's original time, rather than its delayed time.

 
Queue modulation

@@ -1105,7 +1125,7 @@

 This is the track's duration offset, in ticks. For note tracks, it's a signed value that's added to the durations of all notes played by the track. Positive values make the note longer (more legato), and negative values make it shorter (more staccato). Positive values may cause notes to overlap, in which case collisions may occur; see note overlap. The duration is clamped to prevent it from being less than one. The duration can also be altered via duration modulation.

-
For tempo tracks and tempo modulators, Duration is repurposed to be the range of the tempo change, as a percentage; see tempo tracks.
+
For tempo tracks and tempo modulators, Duration is repurposed to be the range of the tempo change, as a percentage. For offset modulators, Duration is repurposed as a scaling factor.

 
Range Type

@@ -2523,7 +2543,7 @@

 Rotate

-These commands rotate tracks left or right by some number of steps. Rotation is similar to shifting, except that steps wrap around instead of falling off one end. For example, rotating 1234 right by one step yields 4123, because the 4 wraps around to the left. Rotation is a lossless, non-destructive operation. Shifting is also supported, via the shift commands.
+
These commands rotate tracks left or right by some number of steps. Rotation is similar to shifting, except that steps wrap around instead of falling off one end. For example, rotating 1234 right by one step yields 4123, because the 4 wraps around to the left. Rotation is a lossless, non-destructive operation. Shifting is also supported, via the shift commands.

 
If a step selection exists, it takes priority. In this case only the selected steps are rotated. Otherwise the command operates on the selected tracks in their entirety.

@@ -3208,4 +3228,3 @@
 Ctrl+TabNext DocumentActivate the next MDI child window
 Ctrl+Shift+TabPrevious DocumentActivate the previous MDI child window
 
-

Target track type	Supported modulation types
Note	All except Tempo
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal	Mute, Velocity, Position, Offset
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal	Mute, Velocity, Position, Offset, Delay
Tempo	Mute, Position, Tempo
Modulator	Mute, Position, Offset; also Note but only if target is a Scale or Chord modulator

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Mon, 16 Feb 2026 11:19:26 -0000

--- v35
+++ v36
@@ -3077,6 +3077,7 @@
 Convergence Out of RangeConvergence is out of range.This occurs with the Next Convergence and Previous Convergence commands, if the next or previous convergence would exceed the range of a position in ticks, which is +/− 2.147 billion, the range of a 32-bit integer. It's likely to occur if the convergence is calculated for many loops with different relatively prime lengths, and the Convergence Size is set to a large number or All. Try lowering the convergence size.
 Group OverlapOne or more of the selected tracks already belong to a group, and will be reassigned.This occurs when using the Group command or the Parts bar Update command. It occurs because a track can only belong to one part at a time. If you proceed despite the warning, the offending tracks are removed from the parts they currently belong to, before being made members of the new or updated part.
 Newer Version'[path]' is from a newer document version. Some of its features may not be supported.This occurs if you open a document that was created by a more recent version of Polymeter than the one you're using. The result depends on which features were added since your version, and whether the document you're opening uses them. The document probably won't work as intended. The solution is to upgrade to the latest version.
+RLE Decode ErrorsRLE decoding errors occurred.This error occurs when opening a document and indicates that step array decoding failed for one or more tracks, likely because the document is corrupted or truncated. As of app version 1.0.19 step arrays may be run-length encoded if doing so saves space.
 Search Text Not FoundSearch text not found.The Find and Replace commands give this warning if no track has the specified name.
 Track Length CursorCursor must be over track step to indicate desired length.This occurs when the Track menu's Length command is unable to determine the intended length. Specify the track length either via a step selection or by positioning the cursor over the desired last step.
 Track Too LongTrack too long.This occurs if one or more tracks would exceed the maximum track length. It occurs when editing the track Length or Quant.

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Sat, 31 Jan 2026 19:53:47 -0000

--- v34
+++ v35
@@ -1242,7 +1242,7 @@

 The song grid has features in common with the track view's steps pane. For example, left-clicking toggles cells, and a rectangular range of cells can be drag-selected via the right mouse button, similarly to step selection. The ruler at the top of the grid is marked in beats and ticks, and possibly also in measures, depending on the meter. Left-clicking in the ruler jumps to the corresponding song position. Right-clicking in the ruler clears the current cell selection.

-
Be careful when editing while zoomed out, because the further out you're zoomed, the more details are hidden. This is most likely to be a problem when extending an existing dub. In such cases you should zoom in and make sure you haven't left unintended gaps. It's also recommended to step through your dubs, using the left and right arrow keys in combination with the Alt key, as this can help you find mistakes.
+
Be careful when editing while zoomed out, because the further out you're zoomed, the more details are hidden. This is most likely to be a problem when extending an existing dub. In such cases you should zoom in and make sure you haven't left unintended gaps. It's also recommended to step through your dubs, using the left and right arrow keys in combination with the Shift key, as this can help you find mistakes.

 
Quick help

@@ -3207,3 +3207,4 @@
 Ctrl+TabNext DocumentActivate the next MDI child window
 Ctrl+Shift+TabPrevious DocumentActivate the previous MDI child window
 
+

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Tue, 27 Jan 2026 18:16:32 -0000

--- v33
+++ v34
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 Index modulation
 
Voicing modulation
 
Offset modulation
+
Queue modulation
 
Views
 
Views
 

@@ -447,6 +448,7 @@
 IndexNote tracks onlyPicks a scale or chord toneSigned zero-based scale or chord tone index
 VoicingNote tracks onlyDrops or raises a scale or chord toneSigned one-based voice index
 OffsetAll track types except TempoOffsets playback timingOffset in ticks; unsigned for Note or Controller, signed for Modulator
+QueueNote tracks onlyAssigns a sequence of pitches to notesSigned offset in semitones, or in scale or chord tones if indexing
 

 Modulation relationships
@@ -758,6 +760,7 @@
 63Note OverlapSets the channel's method of correcting note overlaps. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Split, and any other value selects Merge. This controller overrides the Overlaps setting in the Channels bar. This controller only works if the note overlap master property is set to Prevent, otherwise it has no effect.
 64SustainSets the channel's sustain switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sustain off, and any other value turns it on. While sustain is on, all active notes on the channel are sustained, regardless of their durations. This applies both to notes that are already active when sustain is switched on, and to notes that are triggered while sustain is on. When sustain is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire.
 66SostenutoSets the channel's sostenuto switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sostenuto off, and any other value turns it on. Sostenuto is similar to sustain, except that it only sustains notes that are already active when sostenuto is switched on. Notes that are triggered while sostenuto is on are not sustained. Sostenuto is typically used to hold a note or chord, and then play melodies over the held note or chord. When sostenuto is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire. Sostenuto can be combined with sustain.
+102Queue Mod ResetResets all queue modulators that target the channel. The target track's channel is what matters; the modulator track's channel is irrelevant. The internal controller track's steps are interpreted as unsigned values. When the internal controller transitions from zero to any non-zero value, all queue modulators targeting the channel jump to their first step, regardless of whether they're currently muted or unmuted.
 123All Notes OffTurns off all notes on the channel. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. Transitioning from zero to any non-zero value stops all notes immediately, regardless of their durations. Notes that are being held by the sustain or sostenuto internal controllers are also stopped immediately.
 

@@ -929,6 +932,30 @@
 Offset modulation changes the rhythmic feel of the target track, periodically speeding it up and slowing it down relative to the beat. It can be used to create rolls on drums, or to emulate the feel changes of a live performer. For best results, use a smooth function such as a triangle or sine wave. Sharp changes in offset modulation may alter the order of events. Offset modulation can cause notes to overlap.

 
Modulator tracks can also be offset modulated, but in this case the offset modulator's steps are interpreted as signed values, allowing offsets in the range of −64 to +63. Positive values delay the target; negative values hasten it. Offset modulation is useful for time-shifting a group of modulators that have different quants. Offset modulation is similar to position modulation, except that the shift is specified in ticks instead of steps.
+
+
Queue modulation
+
+Queue modulation assigns a sequence of pitches to successive notes in order, regardless of note timing. Only note tracks support queue modulation. Unlike other modulation types, a queue modulator doesn't continuously cycle through its steps during playback. A queue modulator only advances when its target track plays a note. Until the target track plays its next note, the queue modulator remains frozen on its current step for as long as it takes.
+
+
A queue modulator is analogous to a line of customers waiting to pay. The customers stay in order, and the line only moves when the clerk signals for the next customer. The customers are the pitches and the clerk is the note track. But the clerk returns each customer to the back of the line, meaning the pitch sequence loops.
+
+
A queue modulator's quant is irrelevant because the modulator's stepping isn't driven by time. Any quant will do. The Track Steps view and the Step Values bar correctly report a queue modulator's current position, but other views may not.
+
+
Queue modulation decouples pitch from rhythm. This allows a melody to be constructed by applying a sequence of pitches to an unrelated or unquantized rhythm. Even if the rhythm is erratic due to rests, triplets, or syncopation, pitches won't be skipped.
+
+
If the target note track uses scale or chord modulation, each queue modulator step is a zero-based signed index that selects a tone from the current scale or chord. If index modulation is also used, the queue and index modulators are summed to produce the final index value. In any case the index value is wrapped as needed to stay within the scale or chord.
+
+
If no scale is defined, each queue modulator step is a zero-based signed offset added to the track's note. If note modulation is also used, the queue and note modulators are summed to produce the final note value.
+
+
A note track can have only one active queue modulator. Multiple queue modulators can target a track without conflict provided only one of them is unmuted at a time. If a note track has multiple unmuted queue modulators, only the last one is used and the others have no effect.
+
+
A queue modulator can target multiple note tracks at once, but this should be considered carefully. If multiple targets are unmuted, they compete for the modulator's pitches, and this potentially alters the sequence, which may or may not be desirable. If only one of the targets is unmuted at a time, there's no issue and the pitch sequence is preserved.
+
+
To repeat a fixed melody, the queue modulator should have one step for every note in the target track. Otherwise, the melody may vary over time due to phasing. In the fixed melody case, a queue modulator can lose synchronization with its target note track. This can happen if the note track is muted during the middle of its cycle, for example. To enforce synchronization, a queue modulator can be periodically reset to its start using internal controller 102 (Queue Mod Reset).
+
+
Queue modulators can be targeted by mute modulation and position modulation, but they don't support offset modulation.
+
+
Position modulation causes a queue modulator to skip forward or backward in its sequence by the specified number of steps, but the effect is temporary and non-destructive. The target track may receive a different queue modulator step than it otherwise would have, but the queue modulator's internal position is unaffected.


 
Views
@@ -3180,4 +3207,3 @@
 Ctrl+TabNext DocumentActivate the next MDI child window
 Ctrl+Shift+TabPrevious DocumentActivate the previous MDI child window
 
-

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Sun, 18 Jan 2026 21:44:50 -0000

--- v32
+++ v33
@@ -1161,6 +1161,8 @@

 A step selection may be entirely within one track, or may span multiple tracks, in other words it can be one-dimensional or two-dimensional. A multi-track step selection is created using a diagonal motion: right-click one of its corners, and then while keeping the right mouse button pressed, move the pointer to the diagonally opposite corner, and then release the right mouse button.

+
An existing selection can be extended or trimmed. While holding down the Shift key, right-click the step that should be the new corner or edge of the selection. If that step is within the selection, the selection is trimmed, otherwise it's extended. This feature is useful for precisely selecting a large area: First do a rough cut by drag selecting while zoomed out, and then refine it by zooming into the selection's borders and extending or trimming them as needed.
+
 
Some commands only accept a rectangular step selection. A multi-track step selection is rectangular if all of its rows contain the same number of steps. This isn't necessarily the case if the tracks involved have different lengths, particularly if you select near the end of such tracks. If the step selection isn't rectangular, and you try to execute a command that requires it to be rectangular, you'll get the error message "Invalid step selection." For example, the standard editing commands only accept a rectangular step selection.

 
Some commands can operate on either a track selection or a step selection. For such commands, if a step selection exists, it has priority over the track selection, meaning the track selection is ignored in that case. This can potentially cause confusion, particularly if the steps area is scrolled so that the step selection is no longer visible.
@@ -2081,7 +2083,7 @@

 
Input Quantization

-This is the quantization for converting MIDI input to steps. It's used when importing a MIDI file, and also by the Record Tracks command.
+
This is the quantization for converting MIDI input to steps. It's used when importing a MIDI file, and also by the Record Tracks command. It can be set to none, in which case the input is converted to the finest resolution available in the current timebase, which is a Quant of one tick.

 
Record Input

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Sun, 11 Jan 2026 18:16:07 -0000

--- v31
+++ v32
@@ -2629,6 +2629,8 @@

 At least one track must be selected in the track view for this command to be enabled, because the track selection determines which tracks will be modulated. The command displays a dialog, allowing you to select one or more source tracks and pick a modulation type. Press OK to create the modulations. For help with selecting multiple items, see list controls. It's recommended to keep the modulations bar visible while using this command so that you can see its effects. This command is also accessible via the Insert Group item on the modulations bar's context menu.

+
You also have the option to sequentially distribute one source to each selected track. To do this, check the Modulation dialog's Distribute option. This is particularly useful when creating index modulation for a chord. Instead of assigning a different index modulator to each chord voice one by one, you can assign them all at once. For example if tracks 1, 2, 3 are selected, and sources 4, 5, 6 are distributed to them, after the command, 4 modulates 1, 5 modulates 2, and 6 modulates 3. Note that if Distribute is checked, the number of source tracks must match the number of selected tracks, otherwise an error message is displayed.
+
 
Sort

 This command sorts the selected tracks, or all tracks if none are selected. The command displays a dialog which allows you to specify up to three sort levels. Each sort level consists of a track property and a direction (ascending or descending). To disable a sort level, set its property to none.
@@ -3040,6 +3042,7 @@
 ErrorMessageComment
 Bad Format'[path]' has an invalid format.The most likely causes are opening a file that isn't a Polymeter document, or opening a damaged document. This error also occurs if you inadvertently convert a Polymeter document to Unicode, for example by editing it with a text editor. Try comparing the problematic document to one that opens correctly, using a file comparison utility.
 Bad Step SelectionInvalid step selection.This occurs if the step selection isn't rectangular, and the attempted edit requires a rectangular selection. A rectangular selection includes the same number of steps in each of its rows. Non-rectangular selections can occur when selecting steps within multiple tracks that have different lengths, and especially when selecting near the end of a track.
+Can't DistributeCan't distribute unless source count matches target count.This can occur when Distribute is checked in the Modulation dialog. Make sure you've selected one source track for each selected target track.
 Can't Truncate RecordingCan't set song length shorter than the recording.This can occur when attempting to shorten the song via the Song Length property.  It occurs because the song contains one or more dubs after the specified length. Delete all such dubs and then try setting the song length again.
 Clip WarningClipping may occur.This occurs when a Velocity command would cause one or more steps to exceed the valid range of a step. It also occurs if a Transpose command would cause one or more tracks to exceed the range of a MIDI note. If you proceed despite the warning, the offending values are clipped.
 Convergence Out of RangeConvergence is out of range.This occurs with the Next Convergence and Previous Convergence commands, if the next or previous convergence would exceed the range of a position in ticks, which is +/− 2.147 billion, the range of a 32-bit integer. It's likely to occur if the convergence is calculated for many loops with different relatively prime lengths, and the Convergence Size is set to a large number or All. Try lowering the convergence size.
@@ -3175,3 +3178,4 @@
 Ctrl+TabNext DocumentActivate the next MDI child window
 Ctrl+Shift+TabPrevious DocumentActivate the previous MDI child window
 
+

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Tue, 10 Sep 2024 12:01:57 -0000

--- v30
+++ v31
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@

 
-
+
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@

 A duplicate note occurs when an instrument plays the same MIDI note value twice in a row. Duplicate notes may be perceived as flaws, especially in arpeggios. If you're using index modulation to pick scale or chord tones, you have the option to prevent duplicate notes automatically, by picking the tones in a slightly different order.

-
Enabling prevention adds a step to the indexing operation. The picked tone is compared to the relevant channel's previous note, and if they match, the index value is incremented by one, and the picking is then repeated. This prevents a duplicate note provided 1) the scale or chord contains at least two tones, and 2) all tones in the scale or chord are unique.
+
Prevention adds a retry to the indexing. The picked tone is compared to the relevant channel's previous note, and if they match, the index value is incremented by one, and the indexing is then retried. This prevents a duplicate note provided 1) the scale or chord contains at least two tones, and 2) all tones in the scale or chord are unique.

 
Duplicate note prevention is enabled on a per-channel basis, via the Duplicates column in the channels bar. To prevent duplicate notes, change the relevant channel's drop list value from "Allow" to "Prevent". Prevention can also be controlled via MIDI mapping or an internal controller.



 Control Number Name Function
62 Duplicates Sets whether the channel prevents duplicate notes. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Allow, and any other value selects Prevent. This controller overrides the Duplicates setting in the Channels bar.
62 Duplicate Notes Sets whether the channel prevents duplicate notes. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Allow, and any other value selects Prevent. This controller overrides the Duplicates setting in the Channels bar.
 63 Note Overlap Sets the channel's method of correcting note overlaps. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Split, and any other value selects Merge. This controller overrides the Overlaps setting in the Channels bar. This controller only works if the note overlap master property is set to Prevent, otherwise it has no effect.
 64 Sustain Sets the channel's sustain switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sustain off, and any other value turns it on. While sustain is on, all active notes on the channel are sustained, regardless of their durations. This applies both to notes that are already active when sustain is switched on, and to notes that are triggered while sustain is on. When sustain is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire.
 66 Sostenuto Sets the channel's sostenuto switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sostenuto off, and any other value turns it on. Sostenuto is similar to sustain, except that it only sustains notes that are already active when sostenuto is switched on. Notes that are triggered while sostenuto is on are not sustained. Sostenuto is typically used to hold a note or chord, and then play melodies over the held note or chord. When sostenuto is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire. Sostenuto can be combined with sustain.

Control Number	Name	Function
62	Duplicates	Sets whether the channel prevents duplicate notes. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Allow, and any other value selects Prevent. This controller overrides the Duplicates setting in the Channels bar.
62	Duplicate Notes	Sets whether the channel prevents duplicate notes. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Allow, and any other value selects Prevent. This controller overrides the Duplicates setting in the Channels bar.
63	Note Overlap	Sets the channel's method of correcting note overlaps. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Split, and any other value selects Merge. This controller overrides the Overlaps setting in the Channels bar. This controller only works if the note overlap master property is set to Prevent, otherwise it has no effect.
64	Sustain	Sets the channel's sustain switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sustain off, and any other value turns it on. While sustain is on, all active notes on the channel are sustained, regardless of their durations. This applies both to notes that are already active when sustain is switched on, and to notes that are triggered while sustain is on. When sustain is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire.
66	Sostenuto	Sets the channel's sostenuto switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sostenuto off, and any other value turns it on. Sostenuto is similar to sustain, except that it only sustains notes that are already active when sostenuto is switched on. Notes that are triggered while sostenuto is on are not sustained. Sostenuto is typically used to hold a note or chord, and then play melodies over the held note or chord. When sostenuto is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire. Sostenuto can be combined with sustain.

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Tue, 10 Sep 2024 11:48:45 -0000

--- v29
+++ v30
@@ -754,7 +754,8 @@

 
-
+
+
@@ -890,6 +891,14 @@
 The index is zero-based, meaning zero accesses the first tone, one accesses the second tone, and so on. If the index exceeds the range of the chord or scale, it wraps around. For example, if the scale has seven tones, they correspond to index values 0 through 6. If the index has a value of 7, it wraps around and accesses the first tone. Similarly, if the index has a value of −1, it wraps around in the other direction and accesses the last tone.

 
The mapping from index values to scale or chord tones may be affected by the order in which the scale or chord modulations are listed for the target track. For this reason, it's advisable to keep scale and chord modulations in ascending sequential order.
+
+
Duplicate notes
+
+A duplicate note occurs when an instrument plays the same MIDI note value twice in a row. Duplicate notes may be perceived as flaws, especially in arpeggios. If you're using index modulation to pick scale or chord tones, you have the option to prevent duplicate notes automatically, by picking the tones in a slightly different order.
+
+
Enabling prevention adds a step to the indexing operation. The picked tone is compared to the relevant channel's previous note, and if they match, the index value is incremented by one, and the picking is then repeated. This prevents a duplicate note provided 1) the scale or chord contains at least two tones, and 2) all tones in the scale or chord are unique.
+
+
Duplicate note prevention is enabled on a per-channel basis, via the Duplicates column in the channels bar. To prevent duplicate notes, change the relevant channel's drop list value from "Allow" to "Prevent". Prevention can also be controlled via MIDI mapping or an internal controller.

 
Voicing modulation

@@ -1396,6 +1405,7 @@
 
+
 Control Number Name Function
63 Note Overlap Sets the channel's method of correcting note overlaps. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Split, and any other value selects Merge. This controller overrides the Overlaps setting in the Channels bar. This controller only works if the note overlap master property is set to Prevent, otherwise it has no effect.
62 Duplicates Sets whether the channel prevents duplicate notes. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Allow, and any other value selects Prevent. This controller overrides the Duplicates setting in the Channels bar.
63 Note Overlap Sets the channel's method of correcting note overlaps. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Split, and any other value selects Merge. This controller overrides the Overlaps setting in the Channels bar. This controller only works if the note overlap master property is set to Prevent, otherwise it has no effect.
 64 Sustain Sets the channel's sustain switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sustain off, and any other value turns it on. While sustain is on, all active notes on the channel are sustained, regardless of their durations. This applies both to notes that are already active when sustain is switched on, and to notes that are triggered while sustain is on. When sustain is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire.
 66 Sostenuto Sets the channel's sostenuto switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sostenuto off, and any other value turns it on. Sostenuto is similar to sustain, except that it only sustains notes that are already active when sostenuto is switched on. Notes that are triggered while sostenuto is on are not sustained. Sostenuto is typically used to hold a note or chord, and then play melodies over the held note or chord. When sostenuto is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire. Sostenuto can be combined with sustain.
 123 All Notes Off Turns off all notes on the channel. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. Transitioning from zero to any non-zero value stops all notes immediately, regardless of their durations. Notes that are being held by the sustain or sostenuto internal controllers are also stopped immediately.
Bank LSB The Least Significant Byte of the channel's bank, or −1 for none
 Bank MSB The Most Significant Byte of the channel's bank, or −1 for none
 Overlaps Selects a method of preventing note overlaps for this channel. This option is only meaningful if the Note Overlap master property is set to Prevent.
Duplicates To prevent duplicate notes on the channel, set this to "Prevent". The default is "Allow". Only tracks that use index modulation are affected.
 

 Presets
@@ -1758,6 +1768,7 @@
 LoopN/AN/ANon-zero to loop
 TempoN/AN/AFractional multiplier; see tempo mapping
 OverlapsN/AN/ASets output channel's note overlap method, to Merge if non-zero, otherwise to Split
+DuplicatesN/AN/ASets output channel's duplicate notes method, to Prevent if non-zero, otherwise to Allow
 

 Learning mappings

Control Number	Name	Function
63	Note Overlap	Sets the channel's method of correcting note overlaps. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Split, and any other value selects Merge. This controller overrides the Overlaps setting in the Channels bar. This controller only works if the note overlap master property is set to Prevent, otherwise it has no effect.
62	Duplicates	Sets whether the channel prevents duplicate notes. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Allow, and any other value selects Prevent. This controller overrides the Duplicates setting in the Channels bar.
63	Note Overlap	Sets the channel's method of correcting note overlaps. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero selects Split, and any other value selects Merge. This controller overrides the Overlaps setting in the Channels bar. This controller only works if the note overlap master property is set to Prevent, otherwise it has no effect.
64	Sustain	Sets the channel's sustain switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sustain off, and any other value turns it on. While sustain is on, all active notes on the channel are sustained, regardless of their durations. This applies both to notes that are already active when sustain is switched on, and to notes that are triggered while sustain is on. When sustain is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire.
66	Sostenuto	Sets the channel's sostenuto switch. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. A value of zero turns sostenuto off, and any other value turns it on. Sostenuto is similar to sustain, except that it only sustains notes that are already active when sostenuto is switched on. Notes that are triggered while sostenuto is on are not sustained. Sostenuto is typically used to hold a note or chord, and then play melodies over the held note or chord. When sostenuto is switched off, notes with expired durations stop immediately, but notes with duration remaining continue until their durations expire. Sostenuto can be combined with sustain.
123	All Notes Off	Turns off all notes on the channel. Track steps are interpreted as unsigned values. Transitioning from zero to any non-zero value stops all notes immediately, regardless of their durations. Notes that are being held by the sustain or sostenuto internal controllers are also stopped immediately.
Bank LSB	The Least Significant Byte of the channel's bank, or −1 for none
Bank MSB	The Most Significant Byte of the channel's bank, or −1 for none
Overlaps	Selects a method of preventing note overlaps for this channel. This option is only meaningful if the Note Overlap master property is set to Prevent.
Duplicates	To prevent duplicate notes on the channel, set this to "Prevent". The default is "Allow". Only tracks that use index modulation are affected.

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Thu, 29 Aug 2024 13:49:29 -0000

--- v28
+++ v29
@@ -340,6 +340,7 @@
 Controller tracks output a MIDI controller, pitch bend, aftertouch, or program change.
 
Tempo tracks output a tempo change.
 
Modulator tracks output nothing, and are used to alter the behavior of other tracks.
+
Internal tracks alter the sequencer's behavior.
 

 A track can be edited via the track view, which is vertically split into two panes. The left pane lets you edit the track's properties, while the right pane lets you mute or unmute tracks and edit the track's steps.
@@ -464,7 +465,7 @@

 
Nested modulation

-Nested relationships are also possible, in other words a modulator can modulate a modulator, though there are limits on this, as explained below. The only thing that's definitely not allowed is a track modulating itself, either directly, or indirectly via a loop, as this would lead to infinite recursion. The user interface tries to prevent self-modulation, but if it occurs you'll get the error message "Modulation exceeded the maximum number of recursions." The maximum modulation depth is 32 levels, however only mute modulation, position modulation, and offset modulation fully support nesting. The modulation types that fully support nesting can form chains, for example:
+
Nested relationships are also possible, in other words a modulator can modulate a modulator, though there are limits on this, as explained below. The only thing that's definitely not allowed is a track modulating itself, either directly, or indirectly via a loop, as this would lead to infinite recursion. The user interface tries to prevent self-modulation, but if it occurs you'll get the error message "Modulation exceeded the maximum number of recursions." The maximum modulation depth is 32 levels, however only mute, position, and offset modulation fully support nesting. The modulation types that fully support nesting can form chains, for example:

 
mute modulator → position modulator → note modulator → note track

@@ -475,7 +476,7 @@
 

-
+
 Target track type Supported modulation types
 Note All except Tempo
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal Mute, Position, Velocity, Offset
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal Mute, Velocity, Position, Offset
 Tempo Mute, Position, Tempo
 Modulator Mute, Position, Offset; also Note but only if target is a Scale or Chord modulator
 
@@ -1619,6 +1620,8 @@

 Multiple tracks having the same period are coalesced into a single orbit because they all share the same phase. If all of the tracks have the same period, only one orbit is shown. The diagram makes it easier to visualize convergences.  When two or more planets are shown at zero degrees (noon), the corresponding periods converge. All periods converge at the start of the first beat of the first measure. Subsequent convergences may be located using Time to Repeat, the Convergences calculator, or the Next Convergence and Previous Convergence commands.

+
The diagram indicates track muting. A planet is drawn in red if all tracks having the corresponding length are muted. It's also possible to exclude muted tracks from the diagram, but doing so has side effects.
+
 
The diagram also indicates track selection if any. Since each orbit can represent multiple tracks, the orbit is highlighted if any of the tracks it represents is selected. It's also possible to select tracks by left-clicking within the diagram, as explained below:

 

@@ -1651,9 +1654,20 @@
 CrosshairsIf checked, the diagram includes crosshairs.
 PeriodsIf checked, the diagram includes labels that specify each orbit's period. The periods are displayed in ticks by default, but you can optionally convert them to another unit via division; see Period Unit below. Showing labels increases overhead.
 ConvergencesIf checked, the diagram indicates convergences slightly before and after they occur. The participating orbits are increasingly highlighted as the convergence approaches, and gradually return to normal as the convergence recedes. To specify the minimum number of orbits that must participate in a convergence, use the Convergence Size options on the Transport menu. To skip lesser convergences, increase the size. If orbits are selected, only those orbits participate in convergences.
+Exclude MutedIf checked, the diagram excludes muted tracks. This potentially simplifies the diagram. An orbit is only omitted if all tracks having the corresponding length are muted. Excluding muted tracks may conflict with showing convergences, and also affects the convergence commands, as explained below.
 Full ScreenMakes the Phase bar enter full screen mode, or if it's already full screen, restores it to its previous size and position. In full screen mode, the diagram is shown without borders and fills the entire monitor. To make the bar fill a secondary monitor, drag the bar onto that monitor before making it full-screen. The shortcut key to enter or exit full screen mode is Ctrl+F11. You can also exit full screen mode by pressing the Escape key. To use either key, you may need to give the Phase bar the input focus first, by left-clicking the diagram's background.
 Period UnitThis command lets you convert the period labels to a unit other than ticks, via division. It's only meaningful if you include period labels on the graph, by checking the Periods option as explained above. The command displays the Period Unit dialog; enter the desired unit in ticks, and click OK. All periods are divided by the specified unit before being displayed. For example, if the timebase is 120, specifying 30 will cause periods to be displayed in sixteenth notes. To revert to displaying periods in ticks, repeat this command and set the unit to zero.
 
+
+Excluding muted tracks
+
+When many different loop lengths are used, the phase diagram can have an excessive number of orbits, making it hard to read. If a significant portion of the tracks are muted, the diagram can be simplified by excluding muted tracks. To do this, check Exclude Muted in the phase bar's context menu. Normally, if all tracks having a given length are muted, the corresponding planet is drawn in red, but when Exclude Muted is checked, that planet and its orbit are omitted from the diagram. Excluding muted tracks has the following side effects:
+
+

+The convergence commands only consider unmuted tracks, and if all tracks are muted, these commands do nothing.
+
The convergence commands can behave unexpectedly in Song View, because in that view, which tracks are muted depends on the current song position. The nearest convergence is calculated for whichever tracks are unmuted when the command occurs. Depending on the dubs, moving to the convergence's position may mute tracks that participated in the convergence, in which case the corresponding orbits may not be highlighted, or may disappear from the phase diagram entirely.
+
When iterating through convergences in Song View, if you reach a position at which all tracks are muted, the iteration halts. This is particularly likely at the end of the song. To get unstuck, navigate to a position where at least one track is unmuted.
+

 Step Values

@@ -1882,6 +1896,19 @@
 −480−3:000−1:3:0000:1:000
 

+Navigating within a song
+
+To move the song position to a specific location, use one of these methods:
+
+

+In the track grid or song grid, left-click the desired location in the ruler at the top of the view.
+
To move to the start position, use the Transport menu's Rewind command.
+
To specify the desired location numerically, use the Transport menu's Go To Position command.
+
To move to the nearest convergence, use the Next Convergence and Previous Convergence commands on the Transport menu, or their keyboard shortcuts: Alt+Right for next convergence, or Alt+Left for previous convergence.
+
In the Step Values bar, left-click a step value to move to the corresponding location.
+
In Song view only, use Shift+Right to move to the next dub, or Shift+Left to move to the previous dub.
+
+
 Key Signature

 This is the key in which notes are displayed throughout the application. It determines which notes are displayed as sharps rather than flats. The key signature is purely cosmetic, in the sense that changing it has no effect on the application's MIDI output.
@@ -2634,11 +2661,15 @@

 
Next Convergence

-This command goes to the next convergence. If a track selection exists, the convergence is calculated for the selected tracks only, otherwise it's calculated for all tracks. To specify a threshold of significance below which convergences are skipped, use the Convergence Size submenu.
+
This command goes to the next convergence. If a track selection exists, the convergence is calculated for the selected tracks only, otherwise it's calculated for all tracks. To specify a threshold of significance below which convergences are skipped, use the Convergence Size submenu. To go backwards, use the Previous Convergence command.
+
+
Note that this command is affected by excluding muted tracks from the Phase bar.

 
Previous Convergence

 This command goes to the previous convergence. For more information, see Next Convergence.
+
+
Note that this command is affected by excluding muted tracks from the Phase bar.

 
Convergence Size

Target track type	Supported modulation types
Note	All except Tempo
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal	Mute, Position, Velocity, Offset
Key Aftertouch, Control, Patch, Channel Aftertouch, Wheel, Internal	Mute, Velocity, Position, Offset
Tempo	Mute, Position, Tempo
Modulator	Mute, Position, Offset; also Note but only if target is a Scale or Chord modulator

Polymeter Help modified by Chris Korda

Chris Korda — Mon, 19 Feb 2024 19:08:07 -0000

--- v27
+++ v28
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@

 Parts are edited using the Parts bar. To create a new part, first select its member tracks, and then use the Track menu's Group command. A new part initially has the same name as its first member track, but you can rename it.

-
A track can belong to at most one part. When you create a new part, if any of the selected tracks already belong to a part, a warning message is displayed, giving you the option to continue or cancel. If you continue, the offending tracks are removed from their previous part before being reassigned to the new one.
+
A track can belong to at most one part. When you create a new part, if any of the selected tracks already belong to a part, a warning message is displayed, giving you the option to continue or cancel. If you continue, the offending tracks are removed from their previous part before being reassigned to the new one.

 
To update an existing part, in other words to add or remove members, do as follows:

@@ -1403,13 +1403,13 @@

 
Context menu

-
+

 ItemDescriptionSelection
-CreateCreates a new preset from the current state of the track mutes, and appends it to the presets list.N/A
-ApplyThis command applies the selected preset, by muting and unmuting tracks as needed.Single
-DeleteDeletes the selected presets.Multiple
-RenameRenames the selected preset.Single
-UpdateUpdates the selected preset from the current state of the track mutes.Single
+CreateCreates a new preset from the current state of the track mutes, and appends it to the presets list.N/A
+ApplyThis command applies the selected preset, by muting and unmuting tracks as needed.Single
+DeleteDeletes the selected presets.Multiple
+RenameRenames the selected preset.Single
+UpdateUpdates the selected preset from the current state of the track mutes.Single
 

 
Parts
@@ -1418,14 +1418,14 @@

 Context menu

-
+

 ItemDescriptionSelection
-CreateCreates a new part from the selected tracks, and appends it to the parts list.N/A
-DeleteDeletes the selected parts.Multiple
-RenameRenames the selected part.Single
-UpdateUpdates the selected part from the selected tracks.Single
-TracksSelects the tracks that belong to the selected parts.Multiple
-SortSorts the parts, by name or by track.N/A
+CreateCreates a new part from the selected tracks, and appends it to the parts list.N/A
+DeleteDeletes the selected parts.Multiple
+RenameRenames the selected part.Single
+UpdateUpdates the selected part from the selected tracks.Single
+TracksSelects the tracks that belong to the selected parts.Multiple
+SortSorts the parts, by name or by track.N/A
 

 
Modulations
@@ -1465,18 +1465,18 @@

 Context menu

-
+

 ItemDescription
-InsertInserts a new modulator at the current position.
-Insert GroupInserts a group of modulators at the current position.
-DeleteDeletes the selected modulators.
-CutDeletes the selected modulators after copying them to the clipboard.
-CopyCopies the selected modulators to the clipboard.
-PasteInserts the contents of the modulations clipboard at the current position.
-Select AllSelects all items in the modulations list.
-Show DifferencesToggles Show Differences mode.
-Show TargetsShows or hides the Targets pane.
-SortSorts the modulators by modulation type or by source track index.
+InsertInserts a new modulator at the current position.
+Insert GroupInserts a group of modulators at the current position.
+DeleteDeletes the selected modulators.
+CutDeletes the selected modulators after copying them to the clipboard.
+CopyCopies the selected modulators to the clipboard.
+PasteInserts the contents of the modulations clipboard at the current position.
+Select AllSelects all items in the modulations list.
+Show DifferencesToggles Show Differences mode.
+Show TargetsShows or hides the Targets pane.
+SortSorts the modulators by modulation type or by source track index.
 

 
Show Targets
@@ -1510,17 +1510,17 @@

 Context menu

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Channel Filter To show only a particular channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show messages from all channels.
Message Filter To show only a particular message type, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show all message types.
System Messages Check this item to enable the display of system messages.
Reset Filters Resets all filters to their default settings (show all channels and all messages, including system messages).
Pause Pauses and unpauses the display.
Clear History Removes all stored messages from the history.
Export Exports the current message history to a CSV file. All messages are exported, regardless of filtering.
Note Names Check this item to display note names instead of numbers.
Controller Names Check this item to display controller names instead of numbers.
Reset Columns This command resets the list column header to its default state.
Channel Filter To show only a particular channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show messages from all channels.
Message Filter To show only a particular message type, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show all message types.
System Messages Check this item to enable the display of system messages.
Reset Filters Resets all filters to their default settings (show all channels and all messages, including system messages).
Pause Pauses and unpauses the display.
Clear History Removes all stored messages from the history.
Export Exports the current message history to a CSV file. All messages are exported, regardless of filtering.
Note Names Check this item to display note names instead of numbers.
Controller Names Check this item to display controller names instead of numbers.
Reset Columns This command resets the list column header to its default state.
 

 MIDI Output
@@ -1535,14 +1535,14 @@

 Context menu

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Channel Filter To only show notes for a particular MIDI channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show notes for all channels. You can also select "Multiple" to choose multiple channels.
Output Channel In this submenu, select the MIDI channel on which left-clicked piano keys should send the corresponding notes, or select "None" to disable this feature.
Piano Size To resize the keyboard, select a standard piano size from the submenu.
Key Labels Check this item to show labels on the piano keys that identify the corresponding MIDI notes.
Rotate Labels Check this item to rotate the key labels 90° counterclockwise, so that they're vertical instead of horizontal. This may allow the labels to use a larger font. This option is only supported when the window is docked horizontally.
Color Velocities Check this item to color the piano keys according to the velocities of the output notes. The colors range spectrally from blue (softest) to red (loudest).
Insert Track This command inserts a track for the selected note. Position the cursor over the desired note on the piano keyboard before using this command. The new track's note property will be set appropriately.
Channel Filter To only show notes for a particular MIDI channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show notes for all channels. You can also select "Multiple" to choose multiple channels.
Output Channel In this submenu, select the MIDI channel on which left-clicked piano keys should send the corresponding notes, or select "None" to disable this feature.
Piano Size To resize the keyboard, select a standard piano size from the submenu.
Key Labels Check this item to show labels on the piano keys that identify the corresponding MIDI notes.
Rotate Labels Check this item to rotate the key labels 90° counterclockwise, so that they're vertical instead of horizontal. This may allow the labels to use a larger font. This option is only supported when the window is docked horizontally.
Color Velocities Check this item to color the piano keys according to the velocities of the output notes. The colors range spectrally from blue (softest) to red (loudest).
Insert Track This command inserts a track for the selected note. Position the cursor over the desired note on the piano keyboard before using this command. The new track's note property will be set appropriately.
 

 Multiple keyboards
@@ -1576,19 +1576,19 @@

 Context menu

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Scope Use this submenu to select the scope of the graph. Scopes are explained above. For scopes other than All, the modulation network is crawled by starting from the selected tracks and traversing their modulators, targets, or both. The traversal can be limited to a specific distance via the Depth option.
Depth Use this submenu to limit the recursion depth of the graph to a specific number of levels. To allow unlimited recursion depth, select Maximum. This option lets you simplify the graph by only including modulations that are closely connected to the selected tracks. It has no effect if the Scope is All.
Layout Use this submenu to select a Graphviz layout engine. The dot layout engine draws a hierarchical graph, which is often the most useful way to visualize a modulation network. The other layout engines draw various types of non-hierarchical graphs.  For more information on layouts, see the Graphviz documentation.
Filter Use this submenu to filter the graph by modulation type. To show all types, select All. To show only a single type, select its name. To show multiple types, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the resulting dialog, and press OK. By default, all types are shown. The filter is applied after the modulation network has been crawled.
Channel Use this submenu to select which MIDI channels are shown. To show all channels, select All. To show only a single channel, select its number. To show multiple channels, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the Select Channels dialog, and press OK. By default, all channels are shown. The channel selection is applied after the modulation network has been crawled. Tracks with a track type of Modulator are only included if they directly or indirectly modulate a non-Modulator track that matches the channel selection.
Zoom Use this submenu to zoom the graph in or out, or reset zoom to its default value. The shortcuts are Ctrl++ to zoom in, Ctrl+- to zoom out, and Ctrl+0 to reset the zoom. To zoom in/out to/from the cursor position, spin the mouse wheel while pressing the Ctrl key.
Highlight This item enables or disables highlighting of the selected tracks in the graph. When this option is enabled, the selected tracks are indicated by drawing the corresponding graph nodes with a different background color.
Labels This item enables or disables edge labels. When this option is enabled, a label appears next to every connecting line in the graph, identifying the corresponding modulation type. This is only recommended for simple graphs, because otherwise the graph is hard to read.
Legend This item enables or disables showing a legend that maps the edge colors in use to their corresponding modulation types.
Muted This item determines whether the graph includes muted tracks. If this item is checked (the default), muted tracks are included, and the graph is unaffected by muting or unmuting tracks. Uncheck this item to exclude muted tracks. Excluding muted tracks can simplify the graph, but the graph also changes more often, because it updates whenever track mutes change. To match the Modulations bar, check this item; to match what you're hearing, uncheck it.
Save As This item saves the current graph to a file. The default output format is SVG, which is vector-based and scalable. Other supported formats include PNG, BMP, and PDF. The command displays a file dialog, which lets you specify the name and location of the output file. To change the output format, use the "Save as type" drop list near the bottom of the file dialog. The command also displays an Image Export dialog, which lets you specify the output image size. If "Same size as window" is selected, the output image will have the same size as the graph window. To specify a different size, select "Custom size" and enter the desired width and height in pixels.
Reload This item redraws the graph.
Scope Use this submenu to select the scope of the graph. Scopes are explained above. For scopes other than All, the modulation network is crawled by starting from the selected tracks and traversing their modulators, targets, or both. The traversal can be limited to a specific distance via the Depth option.
Depth Use this submenu to limit the recursion depth of the graph to a specific number of levels. To allow unlimited recursion depth, select Maximum. This option lets you simplify the graph by only including modulations that are closely connected to the selected tracks. It has no effect if the Scope is All.
Layout Use this submenu to select a Graphviz layout engine. The dot layout engine draws a hierarchical graph, which is often the most useful way to visualize a modulation network. The other layout engines draw various types of non-hierarchical graphs.  For more information on layouts, see the Graphviz documentation.
Filter Use this submenu to filter the graph by modulation type. To show all types, select All. To show only a single type, select its name. To show multiple types, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the resulting dialog, and press OK. By default, all types are shown. The filter is applied after the modulation network has been crawled.
Channel Use this submenu to select which MIDI channels are shown. To show all channels, select All. To show only a single channel, select its number. To show multiple channels, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the Select Channels dialog, and press OK. By default, all channels are shown. The channel selection is applied after the modulation network has been crawled. Tracks with a track type of Modulator are only included if they directly or indirectly modulate a non-Modulator track that matches the channel selection.
Zoom Use this submenu to zoom the graph in or out, or reset zoom to its default value. The shortcuts are Ctrl++ to zoom in, Ctrl+- to zoom out, and Ctrl+0 to reset the zoom. To zoom in/out to/from the cursor position, spin the mouse wheel while pressing the Ctrl key.
Highlight This item enables or disables highlighting of the selected tracks in the graph. When this option is enabled, the selected tracks are indicated by drawing the corresponding graph nodes with a different background color.
Labels This item enables or disables edge labels. When this option is enabled, a label appears next to every connecting line in the graph, identifying the corresponding modulation type. This is only recommended for simple graphs, because otherwise the graph is hard to read.
Legend This item enables or disables showing a legend that maps the edge colors in use to their corresponding modulation types.
Muted This item determines whether the graph includes muted tracks. If this item is checked (the default), muted tracks are included, and the graph is unaffected by muting or unmuting tracks. Uncheck this item to exclude muted tracks. Excluding muted tracks can simplify the graph, but the graph also changes more often, because it updates whenever track mutes change. To match the Modulations bar, check this item; to match what you're hearing, uncheck it.
Save As This item saves the current graph to a file. The default output format is SVG, which is vector-based and scalable. Other supported formats include PNG, BMP, and PDF. The command displays a file dialog, which lets you specify the name and location of the output file. To change the output format, use the "Save as type" drop list near the bottom of the file dialog. The command also displays an Image Export dialog, which lets you specify the output image size. If "Same size as window" is selected, the output image will have the same size as the graph window. To specify a different size, select "Custom size" and enter the desired width and height in pixels.
Reload This item redraws the graph.
 

 Graph edge colors
@@ -1642,17 +1642,17 @@

 Context menu

-
+

 ItemDescription
-Export VideoExports video of the animated diagram as an image sequence; see above.
-Circular OrbitsIf checked, the orbits are circular, otherwise the orbits are elliptical with the same aspect ratio as the window.
-3D PlanetsIf checked, the planets are drawn in 3D instead of 2D.
-Night SkyIf checked, the background is dark instead of light.
-CrosshairsIf checked, the diagram includes crosshairs.
-PeriodsIf checked, the diagram includes labels that specify each orbit's period. The periods are displayed in ticks by default, but you can optionally convert them to another unit via division; see Period Unit below. Showing labels increases overhead.
-ConvergencesIf checked, the diagram indicates convergences slightly before and after they occur. The participating orbits are increasingly highlighted as the convergence approaches, and gradually return to normal as the convergence recedes. To specify the minimum number of orbits that must participate in a convergence, use the Convergence Size options on the Transport menu. To skip lesser convergences, increase the size. If orbits are selected, only those orbits participate in convergences.
-Full ScreenMakes the Phase bar enter full screen mode, or if it's already full screen, restores it to its previous size and position. In full screen mode, the diagram is shown without borders and fills the entire monitor. To make the bar fill a secondary monitor, drag the bar onto that monitor before making it full-screen. The shortcut key to enter or exit full screen mode is Ctrl+F11. You can also exit full screen mode by pressing the Escape key. To use either key, you may need to give the Phase bar the input focus first, by left-clicking the diagram's background.
-Period UnitThis command lets you convert the period labels to a unit other than ticks, via division. It's only meaningful if you include period labels on the graph, by checking the Periods option as explained above. The command displays the Period Unit dialog; enter the desired unit in ticks, and click OK. All periods are divided by the specified unit before being displayed. For example, if the timebase is 120, specifying 30 will cause periods to be displayed in sixteenth notes. To revert to displaying periods in ticks, repeat this command and set the unit to zero.
+Export VideoExports video of the animated diagram as an image sequence; see above.
+Circular OrbitsIf checked, the orbits are circular, otherwise the orbits are elliptical with the same aspect ratio as the window.
+3D PlanetsIf checked, the planets are drawn in 3D instead of 2D.
+Night SkyIf checked, the background is dark instead of light.
+CrosshairsIf checked, the diagram includes crosshairs.
+PeriodsIf checked, the diagram includes labels that specify each orbit's period. The periods are displayed in ticks by default, but you can optionally convert them to another unit via division; see Period Unit below. Showing labels increases overhead.
+ConvergencesIf checked, the diagram indicates convergences slightly before and after they occur. The participating orbits are increasingly highlighted as the convergence approaches, and gradually return to normal as the convergence recedes. To specify the minimum number of orbits that must participate in a convergence, use the Convergence Size options on the Transport menu. To skip lesser convergences, increase the size. If orbits are selected, only those orbits participate in convergences.
+Full ScreenMakes the Phase bar enter full screen mode, or if it's already full screen, restores it to its previous size and position. In full screen mode, the diagram is shown without borders and fills the entire monitor. To make the bar fill a secondary monitor, drag the bar onto that monitor before making it full-screen. The shortcut key to enter or exit full screen mode is Ctrl+F11. You can also exit full screen mode by pressing the Escape key. To use either key, you may need to give the Phase bar the input focus first, by left-clicking the diagram's background.
+Period UnitThis command lets you convert the period labels to a unit other than ticks, via division. It's only meaningful if you include period labels on the graph, by checking the Periods option as explained above. The command displays the Period Unit dialog; enter the desired unit in ticks, and click OK. All periods are divided by the specified unit before being displayed. For example, if the timebase is 120, specifying 30 will cause periods to be displayed in sixteenth notes. To revert to displaying periods in ticks, repeat this command and set the unit to zero.
 

 
Step Values
@@ -1671,17 +1671,17 @@

 Context menu

-
+

 ItemDescription
-FormatThis submenu lets you select a display format.
-CutDeletes the selected steps after copying them to the clipboard.
-CopyCopies the selected steps to the clipboard.
-PasteInserts the contents of the steps clipboard at the current position.
-InsertInserts a new step.
-DeleteDeletes the selected steps.
-Select AllSelects all steps.
-ExportExports the steps as text to the system clipboard.
-OptionsConfigures the export. You can choose Columns = Steps versus Columns = Tracks, and Comma Delimited (CSV) versus Tab Delimited.
+FormatThis submenu lets you select a display format.
+CutDeletes the selected steps after copying them to the clipboard.
+CopyCopies the selected steps to the clipboard.
+PasteInserts the contents of the steps clipboard at the current position.
+InsertInserts a new step.
+DeleteDeletes the selected steps.
+Select AllSelects all steps.
+ExportExports the steps as text to the system clipboard.
+OptionsConfigures the export. You can choose Columns = Steps versus Columns = Tracks, and Comma Delimited (CSV) versus Tab Delimited.
 

 
Mapping
@@ -1752,15 +1752,15 @@

 Context menu

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Insert Inserts a new mapping at the current position
Delete Deletes the selected mappings
Cut Deletes the selected mappings after copying them to the clipboard
Copy Copies the selected mappings to the clipboard
Paste Inserts the contents of the mapping clipboard at the current position
Select All Selects all mappings
Learn Toggles MIDI Learn mode
Map Tracks Creates mappings for the selected tracks
Insert Inserts a new mapping at the current position
Delete Deletes the selected mappings
Cut Deletes the selected mappings after copying them to the clipboard
Copy Copies the selected mappings to the clipboard
Paste Inserts the contents of the mapping clipboard at the current position
Select All Selects all mappings
Learn Toggles MIDI Learn mode
Map Tracks Creates mappings for the selected tracks
 

 Tempo mapping
@@ -2506,7 +2506,7 @@

 Velocity

-This command changes the velocities of the selected tracks or steps. It has three functions: Offset, Scale and Replace. If a step selection exists, it takes priority, and in this case only the selected steps are affected. Otherwise the command operates on the selected tracks. The command supports all track types, even though they interpret step values differently. For note tracks, only notes that start within the step selection are affected. For all functions, the resulting values are clipped so that they can't exceed the permissible range. If clipping is likely, a "Clipping may occur" warning message is displayed, giving you the opportunity to cancel or continue. The clipping check accounts for all velocity offsets including velocity modulation.
+
This command changes the velocities of the selected tracks or steps. It has three functions: Offset, Scale and Replace. If a step selection exists, it takes priority, and in this case only the selected steps are affected. Otherwise the command operates on the selected tracks. The command supports all track types, even though they interpret step values differently. For note tracks, only notes that start within the step selection are affected. For all functions, the resulting values are clipped so that they can't exceed the permissible range. If clipping is likely, a "Clipping may occur" warning message is displayed, giving you the opportunity to cancel or continue. The clipping check accounts for all velocity offsets including velocity modulation.

 
Offset

@@ -2579,7 +2579,7 @@

 This command groups the selected tracks into a new part. The new part is named after its first member track, and appears in the Parts bar.

-
If any of the selected tracks already belong to a part, a warning message is displayed, giving you the option to continue or cancel. If you continue, the offending tracks are removed from their previous part before being reassigned to the new one.
+
If any of the selected tracks already belong to a part, a warning message is displayed, giving you the option to continue or cancel. If you continue, the offending tracks are removed from their previous part before being reassigned to the new one.

 
Preset

@@ -3133,4 +3133,3 @@
 Ctrl+TabNext DocumentActivate the next MDI child window
 Ctrl+Shift+TabPrevious DocumentActivate the previous MDI child window
 
-

Channel Filter	To show only a particular channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show messages from all channels.
Message Filter	To show only a particular message type, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show all message types.
System Messages	Check this item to enable the display of system messages.
Reset Filters	Resets all filters to their default settings (show all channels and all messages, including system messages).
Pause	Pauses and unpauses the display.
Clear History	Removes all stored messages from the history.
Export	Exports the current message history to a CSV file. All messages are exported, regardless of filtering.
Note Names	Check this item to display note names instead of numbers.
Controller Names	Check this item to display controller names instead of numbers.
Reset Columns	This command resets the list column header to its default state.
Channel Filter	To show only a particular channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show messages from all channels.
Message Filter	To show only a particular message type, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show all message types.
System Messages	Check this item to enable the display of system messages.
Reset Filters	Resets all filters to their default settings (show all channels and all messages, including system messages).
Pause	Pauses and unpauses the display.
Clear History	Removes all stored messages from the history.
Export	Exports the current message history to a CSV file. All messages are exported, regardless of filtering.
Note Names	Check this item to display note names instead of numbers.
Controller Names	Check this item to display controller names instead of numbers.
Reset Columns	This command resets the list column header to its default state.

Channel Filter	To only show notes for a particular MIDI channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show notes for all channels. You can also select "Multiple" to choose multiple channels.
Output Channel	In this submenu, select the MIDI channel on which left-clicked piano keys should send the corresponding notes, or select "None" to disable this feature.
Piano Size	To resize the keyboard, select a standard piano size from the submenu.
Key Labels	Check this item to show labels on the piano keys that identify the corresponding MIDI notes.
Rotate Labels	Check this item to rotate the key labels 90° counterclockwise, so that they're vertical instead of horizontal. This may allow the labels to use a larger font. This option is only supported when the window is docked horizontally.
Color Velocities	Check this item to color the piano keys according to the velocities of the output notes. The colors range spectrally from blue (softest) to red (loudest).
Insert Track	This command inserts a track for the selected note. Position the cursor over the desired note on the piano keyboard before using this command. The new track's note property will be set appropriately.
Channel Filter	To only show notes for a particular MIDI channel, select the corresponding submenu item, or select "All" to show notes for all channels. You can also select "Multiple" to choose multiple channels.
Output Channel	In this submenu, select the MIDI channel on which left-clicked piano keys should send the corresponding notes, or select "None" to disable this feature.
Piano Size	To resize the keyboard, select a standard piano size from the submenu.
Key Labels	Check this item to show labels on the piano keys that identify the corresponding MIDI notes.
Rotate Labels	Check this item to rotate the key labels 90° counterclockwise, so that they're vertical instead of horizontal. This may allow the labels to use a larger font. This option is only supported when the window is docked horizontally.
Color Velocities	Check this item to color the piano keys according to the velocities of the output notes. The colors range spectrally from blue (softest) to red (loudest).
Insert Track	This command inserts a track for the selected note. Position the cursor over the desired note on the piano keyboard before using this command. The new track's note property will be set appropriately.

Scope	Use this submenu to select the scope of the graph. Scopes are explained above. For scopes other than All, the modulation network is crawled by starting from the selected tracks and traversing their modulators, targets, or both. The traversal can be limited to a specific distance via the Depth option.
Depth	Use this submenu to limit the recursion depth of the graph to a specific number of levels. To allow unlimited recursion depth, select Maximum. This option lets you simplify the graph by only including modulations that are closely connected to the selected tracks. It has no effect if the Scope is All.
Layout	Use this submenu to select a Graphviz layout engine. The dot layout engine draws a hierarchical graph, which is often the most useful way to visualize a modulation network. The other layout engines draw various types of non-hierarchical graphs. For more information on layouts, see the Graphviz documentation.
Filter	Use this submenu to filter the graph by modulation type. To show all types, select All. To show only a single type, select its name. To show multiple types, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the resulting dialog, and press OK. By default, all types are shown. The filter is applied after the modulation network has been crawled.
Channel	Use this submenu to select which MIDI channels are shown. To show all channels, select All. To show only a single channel, select its number. To show multiple channels, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the Select Channels dialog, and press OK. By default, all channels are shown. The channel selection is applied after the modulation network has been crawled. Tracks with a track type of Modulator are only included if they directly or indirectly modulate a non-Modulator track that matches the channel selection.
Zoom	Use this submenu to zoom the graph in or out, or reset zoom to its default value. The shortcuts are Ctrl++ to zoom in, Ctrl+- to zoom out, and Ctrl+0 to reset the zoom. To zoom in/out to/from the cursor position, spin the mouse wheel while pressing the Ctrl key.
Highlight	This item enables or disables highlighting of the selected tracks in the graph. When this option is enabled, the selected tracks are indicated by drawing the corresponding graph nodes with a different background color.
Labels	This item enables or disables edge labels. When this option is enabled, a label appears next to every connecting line in the graph, identifying the corresponding modulation type. This is only recommended for simple graphs, because otherwise the graph is hard to read.
Legend	This item enables or disables showing a legend that maps the edge colors in use to their corresponding modulation types.
Muted	This item determines whether the graph includes muted tracks. If this item is checked (the default), muted tracks are included, and the graph is unaffected by muting or unmuting tracks. Uncheck this item to exclude muted tracks. Excluding muted tracks can simplify the graph, but the graph also changes more often, because it updates whenever track mutes change. To match the Modulations bar, check this item; to match what you're hearing, uncheck it.
Save As	This item saves the current graph to a file. The default output format is SVG, which is vector-based and scalable. Other supported formats include PNG, BMP, and PDF. The command displays a file dialog, which lets you specify the name and location of the output file. To change the output format, use the "Save as type" drop list near the bottom of the file dialog. The command also displays an Image Export dialog, which lets you specify the output image size. If "Same size as window" is selected, the output image will have the same size as the graph window. To specify a different size, select "Custom size" and enter the desired width and height in pixels.
Reload	This item redraws the graph.
Scope	Use this submenu to select the scope of the graph. Scopes are explained above. For scopes other than All, the modulation network is crawled by starting from the selected tracks and traversing their modulators, targets, or both. The traversal can be limited to a specific distance via the Depth option.
Depth	Use this submenu to limit the recursion depth of the graph to a specific number of levels. To allow unlimited recursion depth, select Maximum. This option lets you simplify the graph by only including modulations that are closely connected to the selected tracks. It has no effect if the Scope is All.
Layout	Use this submenu to select a Graphviz layout engine. The dot layout engine draws a hierarchical graph, which is often the most useful way to visualize a modulation network. The other layout engines draw various types of non-hierarchical graphs. For more information on layouts, see the Graphviz documentation.
Filter	Use this submenu to filter the graph by modulation type. To show all types, select All. To show only a single type, select its name. To show multiple types, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the resulting dialog, and press OK. By default, all types are shown. The filter is applied after the modulation network has been crawled.
Channel	Use this submenu to select which MIDI channels are shown. To show all channels, select All. To show only a single channel, select its number. To show multiple channels, select Multiple, check the desired list items in the Select Channels dialog, and press OK. By default, all channels are shown. The channel selection is applied after the modulation network has been crawled. Tracks with a track type of Modulator are only included if they directly or indirectly modulate a non-Modulator track that matches the channel selection.
Zoom	Use this submenu to zoom the graph in or out, or reset zoom to its default value. The shortcuts are Ctrl++ to zoom in, Ctrl+- to zoom out, and Ctrl+0 to reset the zoom. To zoom in/out to/from the cursor position, spin the mouse wheel while pressing the Ctrl key.
Highlight	This item enables or disables highlighting of the selected tracks in the graph. When this option is enabled, the selected tracks are indicated by drawing the corresponding graph nodes with a different background color.
Labels	This item enables or disables edge labels. When this option is enabled, a label appears next to every connecting line in the graph, identifying the corresponding modulation type. This is only recommended for simple graphs, because otherwise the graph is hard to read.
Legend	This item enables or disables showing a legend that maps the edge colors in use to their corresponding modulation types.
Muted	This item determines whether the graph includes muted tracks. If this item is checked (the default), muted tracks are included, and the graph is unaffected by muting or unmuting tracks. Uncheck this item to exclude muted tracks. Excluding muted tracks can simplify the graph, but the graph also changes more often, because it updates whenever track mutes change. To match the Modulations bar, check this item; to match what you're hearing, uncheck it.
Save As	This item saves the current graph to a file. The default output format is SVG, which is vector-based and scalable. Other supported formats include PNG, BMP, and PDF. The command displays a file dialog, which lets you specify the name and location of the output file. To change the output format, use the "Save as type" drop list near the bottom of the file dialog. The command also displays an Image Export dialog, which lets you specify the output image size. If "Same size as window" is selected, the output image will have the same size as the graph window. To specify a different size, select "Custom size" and enter the desired width and height in pixels.
Reload	This item redraws the graph.

Insert	Inserts a new mapping at the current position
Delete	Deletes the selected mappings
Cut	Deletes the selected mappings after copying them to the clipboard
Copy	Copies the selected mappings to the clipboard
Paste	Inserts the contents of the mapping clipboard at the current position
Select All	Selects all mappings
Learn	Toggles MIDI Learn mode
Map Tracks	Creates mappings for the selected tracks
Insert	Inserts a new mapping at the current position
Delete	Deletes the selected mappings
Cut	Deletes the selected mappings after copying them to the clipboard
Copy	Copies the selected mappings to the clipboard
Paste	Inserts the contents of the mapping clipboard at the current position
Select All	Selects all mappings
Learn	Toggles MIDI Learn mode
Map Tracks	Creates mappings for the selected tracks