pgflibrarygraphdrawing.code.tex
uses in the pgf_lookup_and_require
function resolvers.findfile
which with the generic fontloader in latex is meant to be used only for finding fonts. (In context the situation is different). In the new version of luaotfload/the fontloader the function has changed and now the graphdrawing library can't find its lua libraries.
Imho the code
if resolver then ... resolver.findfile ... else kpse ... end
should be changed to something like this
if context then -- or some other test that identifies context ... resolver.findfile ... else kpse ... -- for latex end
See also
https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/453157/2388
and
https://github.com/u-fischer/luaotfload/issues/6
Thank you to Henri Menke for providing the patch!