By default, \pgfmath@rnd@z is seeded with the product of \time and \year. In environments where for reasons of reproducible builds, \time is set to 0, this results in the LCG being very not random.
(This also happens every midnight naturally!)
Proposed fix: detect if the seed is zero, and set it to some other value then.
Example:
\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\foreach \x in {1,...,100}{
\pgfmathparse{int(rand * 11)}
\pgfmathresult, }
\end{document}
faketime 00:00 pdflatex foo
-> foo.pdf contains a lot of -11
If the seed is zero it will be replaced by one. https://sourceforge.net/p/pgf/git/ci/2e264ac824ed77c2439c95f3943289ba5db1247f/