Hello,
Under certain circumstances grayscale graphics do contain colour. This can be problematic when they are to be printed by offset printing.
I attach two files that show the problem. In both files, you can detect that there are colours in the produced PDF pages by running:
gs -o - -sDEVICE=inkcov example_gray_1.pdf
gs -o - -sDEVICE=inkcov example_gray_2.pdf
File example_gray_1.tex uses grayscale shades and file example_gray_2.tex uses patterns (if I remove them, the figure comes out fine in grayscale).
Best Regards,
P. Louridas