Re: [OpenCyc-devel] Rules within OpenCyc

[Paul F. <fod...@gm...>]

On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 1:25 PM, Cameron Ross <cr...@ko...> wrote:
> Thanks for the link to Wikipedia Paul.
> The section describing OpenCyc either does not describe what is contained in
> OpenCyc 2.0, or there is a typo with the reference to OpenCyc 1.0 in the
> second sentence:
> "The latest version of OpenCyc, 2.0, was released in July 2009. OpenCyc 1.0
> includes the entire Cyc ontology containing hundreds of thousands of terms,
> along with millions of assertions relating the terms to each other, however
> these are mainly taxonomic assertions, not the complex rules available in
> Cyc. The knowledge base contains 47,000 concepts and 306,000 facts and can
> be browsed on the OpenCyc website."
> As to whether or not OpenCyc comprise the entire Cyc ontology... I guess it
> depends on where you draw the boundaries between the ontology and the
> knowledge-base.  Therefore, I'll re-state my question as follows.  Does
> OpenCyc include axioms ('complex rules') beyond taxonomic assertions
> mentioned above?

I see. I guess only someone from Cycorp can respond accurately to your question.
Paul.

> Thanks,
> Cameron.
>
> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 12:22 PM, Paul Fodor <fod...@gm...> wrote:
>>
>> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 12:09 PM, Cameron Ross <cr...@ko...> wrote:
>> > Hi Paul,
>> > Yes.  OpenCyc is a subset of Cyc.  My question is whether or not the OWL
>> > ontology is a subset of OpenCyc, not Cyc.
>>
>> Ok. OWL ontology is a subset of OpenCyc.
>> "OpenCyc includes the entire Cyc ontology" (Wikipedia)
>> OpenCyc does include most their database of knowledge, but it includes
>> the ontology.
>> I had access to OpenCyc, ResearchCyc and their latest internal version
>> of Cyc (in Java) and all have the same ontology.
>> Regards,
>> Paul.
>>
>> > Cameron.
>> >
>> > On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 12:05 PM, Paul Fodor <fod...@gm...>
>> > wrote:
>> >>
>> >> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 11:17 AM, Cameron Ross <cr...@ko...>
>> >> wrote:
>> >> > Hi Paul,
>> >> > My question is whether or not the OWL ontology is a subset of
>> >> > OpenCyc.
>> >> > That
>> >> > is, does OpenCyc contain axioms that are not represented in the OWL
>> >> > file
>> >> > because of the limited nature of OWL, or is the OWL ontology
>> >> > more-or-less
>> >> > representative of what is in OpenCyc?
>> >>
>> >> Cyc has many axioms and special reasoners. Cyc is definitely a
>> >> superset of OWL as a knowledge representation language. Up to what I
>> >> know it contains everything that OWL has (maybe even OWL 2 constraints
>> >> can be implemented, but I don't know if Cycorp did it yet).
>> >>
>> >> Last year we tested at Stony Brook University a big set of rule
>> >> languages and one of the systems that we tested was Cyc. We learned
>> >> that Cyc has many things: KR features (e.g., classes, properties,
>> >> instances, micro theories (modules)), logic implication, backward
>> >> chaining and forward chaining reasoners, special reasoners, etc.
>> >>
>> >> I know that you are interested in the KR part, but if you want to take
>> >> a look at our report or our test suite, please check here:
>> >> http://rulebench.projects.semwebcentral.org
>> >> It tested the same rule features (logic operands and implication)
>> >> efficiency in many languages: logic programming (XSB, YAP, SWI
>> >> Prologs, dlv), production rules (Jena, Jess, Drools, Prova), deductive
>> >> databases (OntoBroker), and RDF triple engines.
>> >>
>> >> So, yes. Cyc has #$implies. For example:
>> >> (#$implies (#$and (#$and (#$isa-predicate ?X #$node-cn #$node-provi)
>> >> (#$att-predicate ?X #$node-cn #$node-number ?A) ) (#$att-predicate ?X
>> >> #$node-cn #$node-number2 ?D) ) (#$queryrule-predicate ?X ?A ?D)
>> >> However, in other places we used special reasoners. For instance, to
>> >> compute the transitive closure of some relation, we just used a parent
>> >> relation TransitiveRelation which is a higher order property that
>> >> takes as an input any relation and computes its transitive closure.
>> >>
>> >> Regards,
>> >> Paul.
>> >>
>> >> > Cameron.
>> >> >
>> >> > On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 11:10 AM, Paul Fodor <fod...@gm...>
>> >> > wrote:
>> >> >>
>> >> >> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 9:11 AM, Cameron Ross <cr...@ko...>
>> >> >> wrote:
>> >> >> > The OWL file provided for the OpenCyc ontology doesn't contain
>> >> >> > axioms
>> >> >> > for
>> >> >> > implications, biconditionals etc.  Is this because OWL doesn't
>> >> >> > support
>> >> >> > such
>> >> >> > constructs, or is it because the OpenCyc subset of Cyc does not
>> >> >> > contain
>> >> >> > them
>> >> >> > (or both perhaps)?
>> >> >> > Cameron.
>> >> >>
>> >> >> OWL doesn't have implication. OWL is based on description logics, so
>> >> >> it has knowledge representation constructs, such as: an object is an
>> >> >> instance of a class, classes are subclasses of other classes,
>> >> >> properties of classes.
>> >> >> Regarding biconditionals, the only thing that OWL has is equality
>> >> >> and
>> >> >> inequality (of classes, properties and individuals). See:
>> >> >> http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/#s3.2
>> >> >> Regards,
>> >> >> Paul.
>> >> >>
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> >
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>> >> >> >
>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> >> >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >> > --
>> >> > Kojeware Corporation
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> >> > Download Intel&#174; Parallel Studio Eval
>> >> > Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> >> > proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> >> > See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> >> > http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> >> > _______________________________________________
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>> >> >
>> >>
>> >>
>> >>
>> >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> >> Download Intel&#174; Parallel Studio Eval
>> >> Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> >> proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> >> See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> >> http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> >> _______________________________________________
>> >> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
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>> >
>> >
>> >
>> > --
>> > Kojeware Corporation
>> >
>> >
>> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> > Download Intel&#174; Parallel Studio Eval
>> > Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> > proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> > See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> > http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> > Ope...@li...
>> > https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>> >
>> >
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> Download Intel&#174; Parallel Studio Eval
>> Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> _______________________________________________
>> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> Ope...@li...
>> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>
>
>
> --
> Kojeware Corporation
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Download Intel&#174; Parallel Studio Eval
> Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
> proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
> See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
> http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
> _______________________________________________
> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
> Ope...@li...
> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>
>