This latex file:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\begin{document}
test
\end{document}
gives multiple errors. The first one is:
! Undefined control sequence.
\bbl@switch ...xtras}{}\ifcase \bbl@opt@hyphenmap
\or \def \BabelLower ##1##...
l.3201 \GOfrench
\let\GOfrench\relax%
As has been discussed on c.t.t. the problem is that miktex still contains the obsolete frenchle package https://ctan.org/pkg/frenchle. As this has a french.ldf it clashes with the newest babel which now uses a french.ldf too.
Deinstalling frenchle resolves the problem. In the long run it would be better if frenchle would be removed from the miktex packages.
frenchle has been removed from the distribution.