plot2d and draw, probably all plotting functions, don't detect Gnuplot errors. Ideally any Maxima function would notice Gnuplot ran into an error and throw a Maxima error.
I ran into this in a case in which Gnuplot got a file system error (no such file or directory , or permission denied) when trying to open an SVG output file. Maxima doesn't notice that. See: https://sourceforge.net/p/maxima/bugs/3969/
On some lisps maxima at least knows how to forward the error message from gnuplot to the user. On other lisps the user doesn't even get to see the error message from Gnuplot