Live Raizo - Linux for Virtual SysAdmin Wiki
Environment to experiment the system on simulated and real networks
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Commands_of_v14
Network
fast-ip
- Configuration of IP address and eventually the gateway.
- fast-ip, fast-dhcp and fast-dns used together enable to setup a dynamic DNS.
- When it sets an interface to vlan, the mother of the interface (if it was down) is set to "manual" mode
- To use it, you must be root or in the group "sudo"
Synopsis
- fast-ip [INTERFACE-NAME][INTERFACE-NUMBER][:SUB-INTERFACE][.VLAN-NUMBER] IP-ADDRESS/NET-MASK [IP-GATEWAY]
- fast-ip [INTERFACE-NAME][INTERFACE-NUMBER][:SUB-INTERFACE][.VLAN-NUMBER] dhcp
- fast-ip [INTERFACE-NAME][INTERFACE-NUMBER][:SUB-INTERFACE][.VLAN-NUMBER] manual
Examples
- fast-ip 172.16.40.17/24
- enp1s0 : 172.16.40.17/24
- fast-ip 1 172.16.40.17/24
- enp1s1 : 172.16.40.17/24
- fast-ip 2 172.16.40.17/24 172.16.40.254
- enp1s2 : 172.16.40.17/24 and gateway : 172.16.40.254
- fast-ip 3 dhcp
- enp1s3 requests an IP to a DHCP server
- fast-ip 0.10 172.16.40.17/24 172.16.40.254
- vlan 10 on enp1s0 : 172.16.40.17/24 and gateway : 172.16.40.254
- fast-ip virbr0 172.16.40.17/24 172.16.40.254
- virbr0 : 172.16.40.17/24 and gateway : 172.16.40.254
- fast-ip enp1s0.10 172.16.40.17/24 172.16.40.254
- vlan 10 on enp1s0 : 172.16.40.17/24 and gateway : 172.16.40.254
- if enp1s0 was down, enp1s0 is set to manual mode
- fast-ip 0:1 172.16.40.17/24 172.16.40.254
- sub interface 1 of enp1s0 : 172.16.40.17/24 and gateway : 172.16.40.254
fast-dhcp
- Configuration of a DHCP server based on the IP address of the server.
- fast-dhcp configures the dnsmasq server
- fast-ip, fast-dhcp and fast-dns used together enable to setup a dynamic DNS.
- You can change the default domain (domain.lan.) used by fast-dhcp and fast-dns by
- modifying the variable FAST_DOMAIN in /opt/raizo/etc/fast.conf
- exporting the variable FAST_DOMAIN :
export FAST_DOMAIN="yournewdomain.org"
- To use fast-dhcp, you must be root or in the group "sudo"
Synopsis
- fast-dhcp [INTERFACE-NAME]INTERFACE-NUMBER[:SUB-INTERFACE][.VLAN-NUMBER] [IP-DNS]
By default :
- IP-DNS is IP address of nameserver found in /etc/resolv.conf. If it doesn't find it, it uses the IP address of INTERFACE-NUMBER
- The default gateway of dhcp clients is the default gateway of the network of chosen interface, or IP address of INTERFACE-NUMBER
Example
- fast-dhcp 2 172.16.4.3
- if IP address of enp1s2 is 192.168.33.17
- create pool of IP addresses : 192.168.33.[10,100]/24
- gateway of dhcp clients can be 192.168.33.17
- DNS of dhcp clients will be 172.16.4.3
- if IP address of enp1s2 is 192.168.33.17
- fast-dhcp enp1s2
- if IP address of enp1s2 is 192.168.33.17
- create pool of IP addresses : 192.168.33.[10,100]/24
- gateway of dhcp clients can be 192.168.33.254
- DNS of dhcp clients will be 192.168.33.17
- if IP address of enp1s2 is 192.168.33.17
fast-dns
- Configuration of a DNS server.
- fast-dns configures the dnsmasq server
- if name is not ended by a dot, fast-dns adds to name the default domain (domain.lan.)
- fast-ip, fast-dhcp and fast-dns used together enable to setup a dynamic DNS.
- You can change the default domain (domain.lan.) used by fast-dhcp and fast-dns by
- modifying the variable FAST_DOMAIN in /opt/raizo/etc/fast.conf
- exporting the variable FAST_DOMAIN :
export FAST_DOMAIN="yournewdomain.org"
- To use fast-dns, you must be root or in the group "sudo"
Synopsis
- fast-dns NAME IP [NAME2 IP2 [NAME3 IP3 [NAME4 IP4...]]]
- Creates a DNS server (if necessary), and adds the record for theirs IPs and theirs NAMEs
- fast-dns dns
- Clears the previous records of the DNS server and creates a new one.
Examples
- fast-dns PC1 10.0.0.1
- For the server DNS, PC1.domain.lan. has the IP 10.0.0.1
- fast-dns PC2.other.local. 10.0.0.2
- For the server DNS, PC1.domain.lan. has the IP 10.0.0.1 and PC2.other.local. has the IP 10.0.0.2
- fast-dns PC3 10.0.0.3 PC4.other.local. 10.0.0.4
- For the server DNS, PC1.domain.lan. has the IP 10.0.0.1, PC2.other.local. has the IP 10.0.0.2, PC3.domain.lan. has the IP 10.0.0.3 and PC4.other.local. has the IP 10.0.0.4
- fast-dns PC2.other.local. 10.0.0.4
- For the server DNS, PC1.domain.lan. has the IP 10.0.0.1, PC2.other.local. has the IP 10.0.0.4, PC3.domain.lan. has the IP 10.0.0.3 and PC4.other.local. has the IP 10.0.0.4
- fast-dns dns
- Reset records of the DNS server
fast-rip
- RIPv2 router configuration for IPv4 and IPv6
- fast-rip configures the FRRouting server
- To use it, you must be root or in the group "sudo"
fast-proxy-on
- Configure shell variables, sudo config and Docker to use the proxy
- Use configuration of /etc/resolv.conf to exclude networks from proxy
- By default, use the proxy "proxy:8080"
- if user is not root or in sudo group, fast-proxy-on does only the commands that doesn't need to have root power
Synopsis
- fast-proxy-on [IP:PORT]
- [IP:PORT] : use IP:PORT as proxy
fast-proxy-off
- Remove configuration of fast-proxy-on
- if user is not root or in sudo group, fast-proxy-off does only the commands that doesn't need to have root power
fast-http
- Start a web server on the port 80 and share a directory (by default : "/home/user")
- CTRL+C to stop it
Synopsis
- fast-http [SharedFolder]
- [SharedFolder] : the folder to share. By default : "/home/user"
fast-vwifi
On LiveRaizo
- Enable the virtual wifi 802.11
- Use and configure the program vwifi
- The command must be start on LiveRaizo
- You can change MAC address prefixes by modifying the variable VWIFI_PREFIX_MAC_ADDRESS
export VWIFI_PREFIX_MAC_ADDRESS="94:95:96"
- fast-vwifi can't be use in the same time as fast-wifi-docker
Synopsis
- fast-vwifi [NUMBER_WIFI_INTERFACE]
- [NUMBER_WIFI_INTERFACE] : Number of wifi interfaces wlan must be created
On Debian VM
- Enable the virtual wifi 802.11
- Use and configure the program vwifi
- The command must be start on each VM Debian
- You can change MAC address prefixes by modifying the variable VWIFI_PREFIX_MAC_ADDRESS
- with the optional parameter "-s", you set the IP of vwifi-server, and use the TCP protocol.
export VWIFI_PREFIX_MAC_ADDRESS="94:95:96"
Synopsis
- fast-vwifi [NUMBER_WIFI_INTERFACE] -s [IP_SERVER]
- [NUMBER_WIFI_INTERFACE] : Number of wifi interfaces wlan must be created ( <= 10)
- -s [NUMBER_WIFI_INTERFACE] : Set the IP address of server and use the TCP protocol.
fast-wifi-docker
- Add a wlan interfaces to Docker VM
- The command must be start on LiveRaizo
- You can change MAC address prefixes by modifying the variable VWIFI_PREFIX_MAC_ADDRESS
export VWIFI_PREFIX_MAC_ADDRESS="94:95:96"
- fast-wifi-docker can't be use in the same time as fast-vwifi
Synopsis
- fast-wifi-docker [-y] [-a] [-r] [-m] [-n Number] [-c NumberWlanToCreate] [NameOfVM1] [NameOfVM2] [NameOfVM3] [NameOfVM...]
- -y|Y|o|O : don't ask for confirmation from user to add wlan
- -a|A : select all the VMs
- -r|R : set a random MAC address to wlan interfaces
- -m|M : enable the monitor mode for wlan0 of LiveRaizo
- -n|N Number : number of wlan interfaces by VM
- -c|C NumberWlanToCreate : number of wlan interfaces to create, if it is not enough
Examples
- fast-wifi-docker
- Display the VM Devices availables and ask the number of the VM. fast-wifi-docker ask for confirmation before to add a wlan interface to the Virtual Machines selected.
- fast-wifi-docker -Y
- Display the VM Devices availables and ask the number of the VM. fast-wifi-docker do not ask for confirmation to add a wlan interface to the Virtual Machines selected.
- fast-wifi-docker AP1
- Ask for confirmation before to add a wlan interface to the Virtual Machine "AP1".
- fast-wifi-docker -Y Client1
- Add a wlan interface to the Virtual Machine "Client1".
- fast-wifi-docker -Y PC1 PC2 Server5
- Add a wlan interface to the Virtual Machines "PC1", "PC2" and "Server5"
System
fast-rescan-interfaces
- Scan to detect new plugged network interfaces, and update the files /etc/network/interfaces, history of Zsh/Bash
fast-syslog
- Displays in color the last 40 lines of the file /var/log/syslog
fast-mount-usb
- Mount the USB key in the directory /media/usb0. If /mnt/usb0 is already used, fast-mount-usb will use /mnt/usb1, etc
Synopsis
- fast-mount-usb [-q]
- -q|Q : quiet mode : show only the mounted point and the label
- -h|H|? : show this help
fast-battery
- Display the percentage of energy remaining in the battery.
- Try to bring the console windows to the front if percentage of energy remaining is less of 10%, and if the battery is detected and not charging
Synopsis
- fast-battery [-i] [-t] [-p] [-u]
- -i|I : checks this percentage every 60 seconds and displays the changes
- -t|T : show this percentage in the title bar of xterm
- -p|P : do a pause before to stop the program
- -u|U : test of utility. exit 0 only if usefull : battery detected
- -h|H|? : show this help
Laboratory
fast-save-project
- Asks questions to save a GNS3 project
Synopsis
- fast-save-project [-h] [options]
- -h : show usefull parameters of fast-backup-lab
- [options] is totally used with fast-backup-lab
Steps
- Show detected projects of GNS3 in /home/user/projects and ask which you want to save. For each project, it shows his current size.
- Launch fast-mount-usb to detect new usb keys connected
- Show destinations where to copy the backup of project
- For each usb key, it shows the free space on the total space.
- Do the backup with fast-backup-lab
- Run associated command with destination
- If destination is usb, ask to umount the usb key
Your own commands
- You can add your own destination and associated commands in /opt/raizo/etc/cmd-fast-save-project.conf
- Line is commented if it begins with #
-
Each line must be : title [command options]
- title : title shown by fast-save-project in the step where you must choose the destination
- command options : if it is not empty, the command "command options" is launched after the backup
- In command options, use "%f" for name of archive
-
You can use more functionality if title begins with "local:", "net:" or "usb:",
- local:directory : Before to run fast-backup-lab, it verifies that directory exists
- net:title : Before to run fast-backup-lab, it verifies that it has an IPv4 address
- usb:mountPoint :
- Before to run fast-backup-lab, it verifies that mountPoint is already mounted
- After the backup in mountPoint, fast-save-project asks if it musts unmount mountPoint
-
Example of /opt/raizo/etc/cmd-fast-save-project.conf
# Copy into /mnt/archive and ask to unmount /mnt/archive
usb:/mnt/archive
# Copy into /tmp and show details on archive
local:/tmp ls -l %f
# Copy on the FTPs server : srvftp.domain.local
net:ftps echo -n "Login : " && read LOGIN && lftp -u $LOGIN -e "set ftp:ssl-protect-data true ; put '%f'; exit" srvftp.domain.local
fast-backup-lab
- Backup of the GNS3 project with configuration of GNS3, Qemu,....
Synopsis
- fast-backup-lab [-g] [-p] [-s] [-w] [-d] [-c] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-a] [-t] [-y] [DIRECTORY-PROJECT-GNS3] [DIRECTORY-DESTINATION]
- Creates an archive of the directory "DIRECTORY-PROJECT-GNS3". This archive is created in the directory "DIRECTORY-DESTINATION"
- -g|G : exclude the configurations files of GNS3 from archive
- -p|P : exclude the GNS3 project from archive
- -s|S : exclude the Startups files from archive
- w|W : exclude the backup of the vwifi's state
- -d|D : ADD the Default config of devices
- -c|C : ADD the Capture files from archive
- -f|F : ADD the Firewall rules
- -l|L : ADD the sysctl config
- -n|N : ADD the network configuration
- -a|A : ADD the same as : -f -l -n
- -t|T : test only the config. Don't create the archive
- -y|Y|o|O : Don't ask for confirmation from user
- -h|H|? : show this help
Examples
- fast-backup-lab TP
- Create an archive TP_backup_20130723_12_20_10.tar.xz
- fast-backup-lab TP /media/usb0
- Create an archive /media/usb0/TP_backup_20130723_12_23_05.tar.xz
- fast-backup-lab -P
+ Create an archive config_backup_20130723_12_29_43.tar.xz with only the configurations files
fast-restore-lab
- Restore a GNS3 project, which has been saved with fast-backup-lab or fast-save-project
- By default, the GNS3 project is restored in the directory /home/user/projects
- fast-restore-lab refuses to restore a saved config of GNS3 if it is incompatible with the installed GNS3
Synopsis
- fast-restore-lab [-g] [-p] [-s] [-w] [-d] [-c] [-f] [-l] [-n] [-v] BACKUP-PROJECT-GNS3
- -g|G : don't extract the configurations files of GNS3 from archive
- -p|P : don't extract the GNS3 project from archive
- -s|S : don't extract the Startups files from archive
- w|W : exclude the startup of vwifi
- -d|D : exclude the Default config of devices
- -c|C : exclude the Captured packets
- -f|F : exclude the Firewall rules of Live from archive
- -l|L : exclude the sysctl config of Live from archive
- -n|N : don't extract the network files of Live from archive
- -u|U : use the current directory to receive the GNS3 project
- -v|V : only verify if the current version of VMRaizo is compatible
- -h|H|? : show this help
Example
- fast-restore-lab TP_backup_20130723_12_20_10.tar.xz
- Restores files from the archive TP_backup_20130723_12_20_10.tar.xz
- fast-restore-lab -s TP_backup_20130723_12_20_10.tar.xz
- Restores files from the archive TP_backup_20130723_12_20_10.tar.xz, without restoring Startups files
fast-reset-vm
- Reset the QEmu devices :
- The Hard Disks of the QEmu device return to their initials states
- fast-reset-vm must be used when a project of GNS3 is open
- It loads the credential of GNS3 from /opt/raizo/etc/gns3.conf
Synopsis
-
fast-reset-vm [-a] [-y|-o] [NAME-VM1] [NAME-VM2] [NAME-VM3] [NAME-VM...]
- -a|-A : Select all the VMs
- -y|-Y|-o|-O : Don't ask for confirmation from user
- NAME-VM : reset only the VM "NAME-VM1", "NAME-VM2", "NAME-VM3"...
- -h|H|? : show this help
-
fast-reset-vm is case insensitive on the name "NAME-VM" if there are no doubt on the choose.
Examples
- fast-reset-vm
- Display the VM Devices availables and ask the number of the VM. fast-reset-vm ask for confirmation before to reset the Virtual Machines selected.
- fast-reset-vm -Y
- Display the VM Devices availables and ask the number of the VM. fast-reset-vm do not ask for confirmation to reset the Virtual Machines selected.
- fast-reset-vm Router1
- Ask for confirmation before to reset the Virtual Machine "Router1".
- fast-reset-vm -Y Server1
- Reset the Virtual Machine "Server1".
- fast-reset-vm -Y PC1 PC2 Server5
- Reset the Virtual Machines "PC1", "PC2" and "Server5"
fast-clean-crash-gns3
- Kill all the processes used by GNS3 (in case of a crash for instance).
Synopsis
- fast-clean-crash-gns3 [-y|-o] [-h]
- -y|-Y|-o|-O : Don't ask for confirmation from user
- -h|H|? : show this help
Examples
- fast-clean-crash-gns3
- Ask for confirmation before to kill all the processes used by GNS3.
- fast-clean-crash-gns3 -Y
- Kill all the processes used by GNS3.
fast-nat
- enable IP forwarding, configure an DHCP Server and an DNS Server and use NAT with packets coming out of the virbr0 interface
Synopsis
- fast-nat [-d] [-n] [-i] [-s] [IP-ADDRESS]
- -d : disable the DHCP service
- -n : disable the DNS service
- -i : don't run iptables rules
- -s : don't start the sysctl config
- if virbr0 has an IP, and IP-ADDRESS is not defined, then fast-nat uses the IP of virbr0
- if virbr0 has no IP, and IP-ADDRESS is not defined, then fast-nat uses the IP 10.145.147.1
- if IP-ADDRESS is defined, then fast-nat uses this IP and modifies with it the IP of virbr0
Example
> fast-nat
* fast-ip virbr0 10.145.147.1/24
+ [/etc/network/interfaces : Add the new configuration for virbr0]
* sudo ifup virbr0
* fast-dns dns
+ [/etc/Raizo.dnsmasq.hosts : Create the file]
+ [/etc/dnsmasq.d/Raizo.DNS.conf : Configuration of the server]
* sudo systemctl start dnsmasq
* sudo systemctl enable dnsmasq
Synchronizing state of dnsmasq.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable dnsmasq
* fast-dhcp virbr0 10.145.147.1
# Pool : 10.145.147.[10,100]/24
# Gateway : 10.145.147.1
# DNS : 10.145.147.1
-----------------------------
* sudo systemctl stop dnsmasq
+ [/etc/dnsmasq.d/Raizo.DHCP.conf : Add pool 10.145.147.[10,100]/24]
* sudo systemctl start dnsmasq
* sudo sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
* sudo iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING -i virbr0 -j MARK --set-mark 0xd001
* sudo iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -m mark --mark 0xd001 -j MASQUERADE
fast-vwifi-update-gns3
-
Update the server "vwifi" with the geographical coordinates of each VM from GNS3
-
vwifi-server (fast-vwifi) must be started before
- fast-vwifi-update-gns3 must be used when a project of GNS3 is open
- fast-vwifi-update-gns3 update only the coordinate of the VMs which use the VHOST protocol
- It loads the credential of GNS3 from /opt/raizo/etc/gns3.conf
fast-gns3-server
- Start the gns3server.
- Without parameter, gnsserver is started in foreground. CTRL+C to stop it.
- It loads the credential of GNS3 from /opt/raizo/etc/gns3.conf
- If gns3server is already started by gns3-gui, then gns3server becomes accessible from external IPs.
Synopsis
- fast-gns3-server [-r] [-s] [-d]
- r|R : run the service gns3-server (sudo systemctl start gns3-server.service)
- s|S : stop the service gns3-server (sudo systemctl stop gns3-server.service)
- -d|D : display if gns3server is running
Add-to-GNS3.sh
Update
fast-startup
- Mount automatically the USB key in /media/usb0 (or usb1, usb2..) and processes the script /media/usb0/raizo.sh.
Synopsis
-
fast-startup [NAME-SCRIPT]
- By default, NAME-SCRIPT is raizo.sh. NAME-SCRIPT will always be lowercase before downloading.
- You can modify default values in the file /opt/raizo/etc/fast-startup.conf
- Your script raizo.sh (or NAME-SCRIPT) can affect a value different of zero at the variable FAST_ERROR_RAIZO to indicate an error at fast-startup. You can use the variable FAST_ERROR_RAIZO_LOG to indicate also a message
- You can use the variable MOUNT_KEY to know where the usb key is mounted
Examples
- fast-startup
- Mount automatically the USB key in /media/usb0 and processes the script /media/usb0/raizo.sh.
- fast-startup US
- Mount automatically the USB key in /media/usb0 and processes the script /media/usb0/us.
fast-update
- Download the file on a web server and processes it.
Synopsis
-
fast-update [-s WEB-SERVER] [NAME-SCRIPT]
- By default, NAME-SCRIPT is raizo.sh. NAME-SCRIPT will always be lowercase before downloading.
- By default, WEB-SERVER is UpdateRaizo.
- You can modify the default values in the file /opt/raizo/etc/fast-startup.conf
- Your script raizo.sh (or NAME-SCRIPT) can affect a value different of zero at the variable FAST_ERROR_RAIZO to indicate an error at fast-update. You can use the variable FAST_ERROR_RAIZO_LOG to indicate also a message.
Examples
- fast-update
- Download the file http://UpdateRaizo/raizo.sh and processes it.
- fast-update WIN
- Download the file http://UpdateRaizo/win and processes it.
- fast-update -s 88.89.90.91 WIN
- Download the file http://88.89.90.91/win and processes it.
Helps
fast-memo
- Display a reminder
Synopsis
- fast-memo [-t] [NAME-MEMO]
- -t|T : Show the name of memo in the title bare of xterm
- -h|H|? : show this help
- NAME-MEMO : Show the reminder "NAME-MEMO". If none NAME-MEMO is indicated then fast-memo shows all reminders available. You must indicate the number of memo that you want display
Keys to interact
- "q" to quit (as less command)
- "/" to search a word. It ignores case, except if any uppercase letters appear in the search pattern
- "n" to find the next word
- "shift+n" the find the previous word
Examples
> fast-memo
Available choices :
1) *QUIT* 24) diff 47) mkdir 70) sockstat
2) 7z 25) dig 48) mount 71) sort
3) ab 26) distcc 49) mysql 72) split
4) apparmor 27) emacs 50) mysqldump 73) ssh
5) apt-cache 28) find 51) ndiswrapper 74) ssh-copy-id
6) apt-get 29) gcc 52) netcat 75) ssh-keygen
7) aptitude 30) gdb 53) netstat 76) stdout
8) asterisk 31) git 54) nmap 77) strace
9) at 32) GNS3 55) notify-send 78) systemctl
10) awk 33) gpg 56) od 79) tail
11) bash 34) grep 57) openssl 80) Tap
12) Bridge 35) gs 58) pdftk 81) tar
13) chmod 36) head 59) php 82) tcpdump
14) chown 37) history 60) ping 83) tmux
15) Cisco 38) ifconfig 61) ps 84) top
16) convert 39) ip 62) python 85) truncate
17) crontab 40) iptables 63) rm 86) uname
18) curl 41) iwconfig 64) Routage 87) vim
19) cut 42) less 65) sam2p 88) Vlan
20) date 43) ln 66) scp 89) wget
21) dd 44) ls 67) screen 90) WiFi
22) df 45) lsof 68) sed
23) dhclient 46) MAC 69) shred
#?
> fast-memo pi
(From cheat / https://github.com/chrisallenlane/cheat)
# ping a host with a total count of 15 packets overall.
ping -c 15 www.example.com
# ping a host with a total count of 15 packets overall, one every .5 seconds (faster ping).
ping -c 15 -i .5 www.example.com
# test if a packet size of 1500 bytes is supported (to check the MTU for example)
ping -s 1500 -c 10 -M do www.example.com