The sed expression used for building the Python include directory string on systems without pyversions can only strip single-digit minor version numbers. So, for example "Python 2.7.10" results in "PYTHONINCLUDES = -I/usr/include/python2.70" when it should have been "/usr/include/python2.7". A workaround is to specify it on the command line, like "make PYTHON=python2.7". This patch changes the regular expression to strip multi-digit minor version numbers.
This was an issue for me in Cygwin with r54 plus the Cygwin patch https://sourceforge.net/p/dpf-ax/patches/4/ , but it would also affect Linux distributions without pyversions and without the Cygwin patch.