Menu
▾
▴
[DL-Learner SVN] SF.net SVN: dl-learner:[3309] trunk/examples
|
From: <ku...@us...> - 2011-10-20 05:01:08
|
Revision: 3309
http://dl-learner.svn.sourceforge.net/dl-learner/?rev=3309&view=rev
Author: kurzum
Date: 2011-10-20 05:00:59 +0000 (Thu, 20 Oct 2011)
Log Message:
-----------
added nif learning example
Added Paths:
-----------
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/data.owl
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/sample1.conf
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/script.sh
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/sentences.txt
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/sso.owl
trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/string.owl
Added: trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/data.owl
===================================================================
--- trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/data.owl (rev 0)
+++ trunk/examples/nlp2rdf/sample/data.owl 2011-10-20 05:00:59 UTC (rev 3309)
@@ -0,0 +1,1561 @@
+<rdf:RDF
+ xmlns:j.0="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#"
+ xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
+ xmlns:j.2="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#"
+ xmlns:j.1="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/"
+ xmlns:j.3="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#"
+ xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
+ xmlns:j.4="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/"
+ xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
+ xmlns:j.5="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#"
+ xmlns:j.6="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#"
+ xmlns:j.7="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#"
+ xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" >
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Conjunction">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ A conjunction is a word that syntactically links words or larger constituents,
+ and expresses a semantic relationship between them.
+ (http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAConjunction.htm 19.09.06)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept">
+ <rdfs:comment>The OLiA ontology specifies linguistic concepts on a theoretical basis, as for concepts used in annotations, see system.owl.
+There is a great extent of overlap between LinguisticCategories/LinguisticFeatures and Categories/Features as defined in system.owl.</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#VerbPhrase">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>VP|Verb phrase. Phrasal category headed a verb.
+(Santorini 1991)
+
+VP — Verb Phrase. Phrasal category headed a verb.
+(Bies et al. 1995)</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#PassiveAuxiliary">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Auxiliary"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_35_45_been+eaten">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#UnitOfAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_40_45_eaten"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_35_39_been"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>been eaten</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>Linguistic annotations pertain to either structural entities (words, tokens, constituents, sentences => UnitOfAnnotation), relations between these (dependency, dominance, coreference, etc. => Relation), or grammatical features attached to these (case, gender, number, agreement, tense, mood, aspect, ... => Feature).</rdfs:comment>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#AuxiliaryVerb">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ An auxiliary verb is a verb which accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase,
+ and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as
+ person, number, tense aspect, and voice.
+ (http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnAuxiliaryVerb.htm 19.09.06)
+
+ Besides modal verbs ("semiauxiliary") and "strict" auxiliary verbs, also copulas
+ are classified under auxiliary verbs here, as this is a praxis applied in practically every
+ EAGLES-conformant morphosyntactic annotation scheme.
+
+ Part of speech referring to the set of verbs, subordinate to the main lexical verb which help
+ to make distinction in mood, aspect, voice etc.
+ (Crystal 2003; http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1244)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_106_107_.">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>.</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:lemma>.</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>.</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Complement">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Argument"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#CoordinatingConjunction">
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ Coordinating conjunctions, also called coordinators, are conjunctions that
+ join two items of equal syntactic importance.
+ (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_conjunction 19.09.06)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Conjunction"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SimpleDeclarativeClause">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#DeclarativeSentence"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Clause"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>S|Simple declarative clause, i.e. one that is not introduced by a (possibly empty) subordinating
+conjunction or wh-word and that does not exhibit subject-verb inversion.
+(Santorini 1991)
+
+Simple declarative sentences:
+(S (NP-SBJ Casey) (VP threw (NP the ball))) ...
+
+S — Simple declarative clause, i.e. one that is not introduced by a (possibly empty) subordinating conjunction or wh-word and that does not exhibit subject-verb inversion.
+(Bies et al. 1995)</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_47_56_The+apple">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The apple</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_47_50_The"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_51_56_apple"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_61_78_eaten+and+cleaned">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>eaten and cleaned</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_61_66_eaten"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_67_70_and"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_71_78_cleaned"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Determiner">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Modifier"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_14_19_eaten">
+ <j.4:posTag>VBN</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:lemma>eat</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.0:PassiveNominalSubject rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_4_9_apple"/>
+ <j.0:auxpass rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_10_13_was"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_19_20_."/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <j.0:nsubjpass rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_4_9_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>eaten</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.0:PassiveAuxiliary rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_10_13_was"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#NonFiniteVerb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#PastParticiple"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_14_19_eaten"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Participle"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_10_19_was+eaten">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#UnitOfAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_14_19_eaten"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_10_13_was"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>was eaten</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Phrase"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_25_30_apple">
+ <j.0:Determiner rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_21_24_The"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_31_34_has"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#CommonNoun"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Noun"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Noun"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>apple</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.0:det rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_21_24_The"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#CommonNoun"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>apple</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>NN</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Clause">
+ <rdfs:comment>We distinguish among a number of basic clause types: S, SINV, SBAR, RRC, SBARQ, SQ, S-CLF, it-extraposition, and FRAG.
+(Bies et al. 1995)
+
+S-CLF is @cat="S" & edge/@func="CLF", so see under ItCleft</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Clause"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent">
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ Constituents correspond to a GOLD SyntacticConstruction:
+ SyntacticConstruction is the class of grammar units that
+ have syntactic structure, i.e., consisting of more than
+ one syntactic word or construction in a syntactic
+ configuration. [Crystal 1980, 85-86].
+ (http://www.linguistics-ontology.org/gold/2008)
+
+ Corresponds to units of annotation in the EAGLES recommendations for syntactic annotation
+ (http://www.ilc.cnr.it/EAGLES96/segsasg1/node29.html#SECTION00052000000000000000)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_9_The+apple">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The apple</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_3_The"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_4_9_apple"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_19_20_.">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>.</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:lemma>.</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>.</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_31_45_has+been+eaten">
+ <j.1:anchorOf>has been eaten</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_35_45_been+eaten"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_31_34_has"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#UnitOfAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Phrase"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_47_50_The">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>the</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#PronounOrDeterminer"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_51_56_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>DT</j.4:posTag>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Adjective">
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ An Adjective is a noun-modifying expression that specifies the properties or attributes of the nominal referent.
+ (http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnAdjective.htm 18.9.06)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_81_84_The">
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_85_90_eaten"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:lemma>the</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>DT</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#PronounOrDeterminer"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#NominalSubject">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Subject"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_20_The+apple+was+eaten.">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticCategory"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_9_The+apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SentenceTypeFeature"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:word rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_3_The"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_20_The+apple+was+eaten."/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#UnitOfAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <j.4:word rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_19_20_."/>
+ <j.4:word rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_4_9_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The apple was eaten.</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Clause"/>
+ <j.4:lastWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_19_20_."/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#DeclarativeSentence"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_19_20_."/>
+ <j.4:word rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_14_19_eaten"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.4:word rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_10_13_was"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SimpleDeclarativeClause"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Sentence"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <j.4:firstWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_3_The"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_10_19_was+eaten"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Clause"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticFeature"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#Feature"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#BePastTense">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>This category includes the conditional form of the verb to be.
+EXAMPLES:
+If I were/VBD rich...
+If I were/VBD to win the lottery...</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_85_90_eaten">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>eaten</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#PastParticiple"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>eat</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>VBN</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#NonFiniteVerb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_91_96_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Participle"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#VerbPhrase">
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ This category is slightly more difficult to define, since there is disagreement over the extent of the verb phrase.
+ In particular, should the verb phrase include only the words that are verbs, or should it also include the
+ complements of the verb? In the examples given in this document, and in the sample texts in the appendices, we have
+ chosen to include the complements, but it must be noted that this is an open issue, and we are in no way implying
+ that this analysis is preferable to the alternative. The choice to be made at this level, i.e. the inclusion or
+ exclusion of verbal complements in the Verb Phrase, is shown by the examples in 27 and 28, 27 showing the inclusion
+ of the complement of the verb in the verb phrase and 28 excluding the complement:
+
+ (27) He [VP took up [NP a clothes brush NP] VP]
+ (28) He [VP took up VP] [NP a clothes brush NP]
+
+ An advantage in the type of analysis shown in 27 is that the relative levels of the constituents can be shown to a
+ greater extent -- i.e. complements of the verb are included in the verb phrase, while adjuncts and peripheral
+ adverbials are left at sentence level.
+
+ However, in a case where an adjunct occurs before the complement of the verb, the approaches used in 27 and 28 would
+ cause problems, since either both the adjunct and the complement would be included as daughters of the verb phrase,
+ or both would be daughters of the sentence, rather than keeping the complement as a daughter of the verb phrase and
+ the adjunct as a sister of the verb phrase. These problems may be solved by an additional notation, but at some
+ level, arbitrariness is inevitable.
+
+ Regardless of the choice made over the extent of the Verb Phrase, there arises a problem of discontinuous Verb
+ Phrases. A complex verbal construction may be discontinuous, e.g. the auxiliary and the main verb are separated in
+ inverted constructions in English, or the main verb is positioned at the end of the sentence in German and Dutch.
+ Such discontinuity can be avoided by having different labels and constituents for the auxiliary verb and the main
+ verb, resulting in an analysis as shown in the Dutch example 29 below:
+
+ (29) [NP Ze NP] [AUX zullen AUX] [ADVP er ADVP] [VP [NP de VN-agenda
+ [PP voor [NP het komende jaar NP] PP] NP] behandelen VP].
+
+ and in the English interrogative inverted example 30, using the so-called `dummy auxiliary' do:
+
+ (30) [AUX Do AUX] [NP they NP] [VP confide [PP in you PP] VP]?
+
+ As with Noun Phrases, Verb Phrases can be identified by a constituency test. In strong constituency languages like
+ English, the whole VP can be moved, but not part of it: compare 31 and 32:
+
+ (31) Give in to blackmail, I never will
+ (32) *Give in, I never will to blackmail
+
+ However, there are languages in which constituent tests do not work. These will typically be languages with flexible
+ word order, such as Finnish. 33 is an example of a discontinuous VP (Vilkuna 1989: 26):
+
+ (33) Maailmaa nähnyt hän on.
+ world-Part seen he is
+ `He IS a widely-travelled person.'
+
+ For Finnish, then, evidence for a VP is less convincing than it is for English, and a dependency approach seems the
+ more natural choice. (Covington (1990) provides a parsing strategy for variable word order languages and Covington
+ (1991) for parsing discontinuous constituents, both using a dependency syntax approach.)
+
+ In Italian also, constituency tests cannot be applied. This can be shown through the distribution of VP-adverbs
+ (e.g. completamente `completely', intenzionalmente `intentionally', attentamente `carefully') and S-adverbs (e.g.
+ probabilmente `probably', certamente `certainly'). In English, these different classes of adverbs have a different
+ distribution within the sentence. In contrast, in Italian, the distinct adverb classes cannot be distinguished on
+ the basis of their distribution in the sentence. S-adverbs and VP-adverbs can occur in the same positions within the
+ sentence, as illustrated in examples 34 to 37:
+
+ (34) Attentamente/certamente, il bambino ascoltó la storia
+ `Carefully/certainly, the child listened to the story'
+ (35) Il bambino attentamente/certamente ascoltó la storia
+ `The child carefully/certainly listened to the story'
+ (36) Il bambino ascoltó attentamente/certamente la storia
+ `The child listened carefully/certainly to the story'
+ (37) Il bambino ascoltó la storia attentamente/certamente
+ `The child listened to the story carefully/certainly'
+
+ Thus, in Italian as well as other languages, neither the position nor the syntactic context can help to decide
+ whether an adverb is an S-adverb or a VP-adverb; this can only be stated by considering its semantic content and the
+ way it relates to the content of the predicate or the sentence. This situation has consequences for the success of
+ standard VP-tests.
+ (http://www.ilc.cnr.it/EAGLES96/segsasg1/node33.html)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Copula">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Auxiliary"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_97_106_was+clean">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_97_100_was"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_101_106_clean"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>was clean</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#UnitOfAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_31_34_has">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>have</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>has</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_35_39_been"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>VBZ</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#BePresentTense"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Noun">
+ <rdfs:comment>We inserted this class 'noun' to get a clearer ontology structure. In The Penn Treebank Tag Set there is no class 'noun'.</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Noun"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#aux">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Auxiliary"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Determiner">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#PronounOrDeterminer"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ A determiner is a noun modifier that expresses the reference of a noun or noun phrase
+ in the context, including quantity, rather than attributes expressed by adjectives.
+ This part of speech is defined in some languages, such as in English, as it is distinct
+ from adjectives grammatically, though most English dictionaries still identify the
+ determiners as adjectives.
+ (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determiner 19.09.06)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#DeclarativeSentence">
+ <rdfs:comment>S|Simple declarative clause, i.e. one that is not introduced by a (possibly empty) subordinating
+conjunction or wh-word and that does not exhibit subject-verb inversion.
+(Santorini 1991)
+
+Simple declarative sentences:
+(S (NP-SBJ Casey) (VP threw (NP the ball))) ...
+
+S â ´ Simple declarative clause, i.e. one that is not introduced by a (possibly empty) subordinating conjunction or wh-word and that does not exhibit subject-verb inversion.
+(Bies et al. 1995)</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SentenceTypeFeature"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Argument">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Dependent"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_51_56_apple">
+ <j.4:lemma>apple</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>apple</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.0:det rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_47_50_The"/>
+ <j.0:Determiner rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_47_50_The"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#CommonNoun"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_57_60_was"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Noun"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#CommonNoun"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Noun"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>NN</j.4:posTag>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Auxiliary">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Dependent"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_122_131_the+apple">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>the apple</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_122_125_the"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_126_131_apple"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Clause">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ Traditionally sentences are deemed to be composed of major constituents
+ known as clauses, which may be main clauses (not included in a superordinate
+ clause) or embedded clauses (included in a superordinate clause) such as
+ relative clauses or adverbial clauses. A main clause, unless it is coordinated,
+ is equivalent to a simple sentence, and does not need to be separately labelled.
+ Embedded and coordinated clauses, on the other hand, will need to be separately
+ identified. We recommend that such units be identified in the annotation, and
+ labelled either as sentences (S) or as clauses (CL), according to the preference
+ specified in the annotation scheme.
+
+ The reason for allowing choice here is that different theoretical preferences
+ have to be accommodated. In some syntactic models, the `clause' category is not
+ used (except informally), embedded clauses being marked by included [S]
+ constituents. In other models, clauses are identified as such, even where they
+ are coextensive with an independent sentence.
+
+ One solution which commends itself (and is employed in the Lancaster Treebank and
+ the SUSANNE Corpus) is to retain [S ... S] as the delimiter of sentences, whether
+ included or not, and also to use [S ... S] for the coordinated parts of a compound
+ sentence; but to use `clause' labels for subordinate clauses. An example which
+ illustrates this division is 12:
+
+ (12) [S [S The distinction at issue is relatively clear S] , but [S closer
+ examination reveals [CL that all is not quite so straightforward
+ [CL as it seems CL] CL] S] . S]
+
+ Embedded (subordinate) clauses are generally identified by some sign of their
+ dependence on the superordinate clause or sentence, such as an introductory
+ conjunction or a non-finite verb form. It is noticeable that the coordinated
+ parts of the compound sentence do not have to be clause-like units with subjects
+ and verbs, and to this extent [CL] would be a misleading label to apply to them.
+ This is true, in 13, of so far so good in:
+
+ (13) [S [S So far so good S] , but [S now consider gender in adjectives S] . S]
+ (http://www.ilc.cnr.it/EAGLES96/segsasg1/node31.html)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_57_78_was+eaten+and+cleane">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#UnitOfAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#Constituent"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#VerbPhrase"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_61_78_eaten+and+cleaned"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_57_60_was"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>was eaten and cleaned</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Noun">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ A noun, or noun substantive, is a part of speech (a word or phrase) which can co-occur with
+ (in)definite articles and attributive adjectives, and function as the head of a noun phrase.
+
+ The word "noun" derives from the Latin 'nomen' meaning "name", and a traditional definition
+ of nouns is that they are all and only those expressions that refer to a person, place,
+ thing, event, substance, quality, idea or an appointment. They serve as the subject or object
+ of a verb, and the object of a preposition.
+ (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun 19.09.06)
+ </rdfs:comment>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_21_30_The+apple">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The apple</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_21_24_The"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_25_30_apple"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_131_132_.">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>.</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:lemma>.</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>.</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_118_121_ate">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#BePastTense"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <j.0:NominalSubject rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_112_117_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <j.0:DirectObject rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_126_131_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <j.0:dobj rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_126_131_apple"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>VBD</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_122_125_the"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>eat</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>ate</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.0:nsubj rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_112_117_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#SyntacticFeature">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#Feature"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_141_145_will">
+ <j.4:lemma>will</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#ModalVerb"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>will</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:posTag>MD</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_146_149_eat"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#ModalVerb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#AuxiliaryVerb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_137_140_boy">
+ <j.1:anchorOf>boy</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <j.0:Determiner rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_133_136_The"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>boy</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>NN</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#CommonNoun"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_141_145_will"/>
+ <j.0:det rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_133_136_The"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#CommonNoun"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Noun"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Noun"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#Phrase">
+ <rdfs:comment>(Bies et al. 1995, §2.1.2)</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Phrase"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn-syntax.owl#SyntaxTag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Adjective">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Adjective"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>These are adjectives, ordinal numerals, and ordinal numbers.
+Hyphenated compounds that are used as modifiers are tagged as adjectives, e.g. "happy-go-lucky", "one-of-a-kind", "run-of-the-mill". Ordinal numbers are tagged as adjectives, as are compounds of the form "n-th" or "X-est", like "fourth-largest".</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#amod">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#AdjectivalModifier"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#CoordinatingConjunction">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Conjunction"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#CoordinatingConjunction"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>This category includes "and", "but", "nor", "or", "yet" (as in "Yet it's cheap", "cheap yet good"), as well as the mathematical operators "plus", "minus", "less", "times" (in the sense of "multiplied by") and "over" (in the sense of "divided by"), when they are spelled out.
+For in the sense of "because" is a coordinating conjunction.</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#cop">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Copula"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_78_79_.">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>.</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:lemma>.</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>.</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Determiner">
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>Not clear whether this corresponds to OLiA/EAGLES determiners, because some predeterminers seem to be adverbs rather than determiners proper.</rdfs:comment>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_133_136_The">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#PronounOrDeterminer"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>DT</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>the</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_137_140_boy"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Determiner"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_40_45_eaten">
+ <j.0:PassiveNominalSubject rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_25_30_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <j.0:nsubjpass rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_25_30_apple"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>eaten</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.0:auxpass rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_35_39_been"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#NonFiniteVerb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_40_45_eaten"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Participle"/>
+ <j.0:aux rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_31_34_has"/>
+ <j.0:PassiveAuxiliary rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_35_39_been"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_45_46_."/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#PastParticiple"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>VBN</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <j.0:Auxiliary rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_31_34_has"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>eat</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_97_100_was">
+ <j.4:posTag>VBD</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>was</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#BePastTense"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>be</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_101_106_clean"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_45_46_.">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>.</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.4:lemma>.</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>.</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Object">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Complement"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_67_70_and">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Conjunction"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>and</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#CoordinatingConjunction"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_71_78_cleaned"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Conjunction"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#CoordinatingConjunction"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>and</j.4:lemma>
+ <j.4:posTag>CC</j.4:posTag>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_81_96_The+eaten+apple">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Phrase"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The eaten apple</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_81_84_The"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_85_90_eaten"/>
+ <j.4:child rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_91_96_apple"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_21_24_The">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_25_30_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>the</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#PronounOrDeterminer"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>DT</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Determiner"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Subject">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Argument"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#DependencyLabel">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#Feature"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_150_153_the">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_154_159_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>DT</j.4:posTag>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#PronounOrDeterminer"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>the</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>the</j.1:anchorOf>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#Dependent">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+ <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/stanford.owl#DependencyLabel"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_71_78_cleaned">
+ <j.1:anchorOf>cleaned</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#NonFiniteVerb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>VBN</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.0:nsubjpass rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_51_56_apple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#PastParticiple"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Participle"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_78_79_."/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <j.0:PassiveNominalSubject rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_51_56_apple"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>clean</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_0_3_The">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#MorphosyntacticCategory"/>
+ <j.4:lemma>the</j.4:lemma>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Determiner"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/sso/Word"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/penn.owl#Tag"/>
+ <j.4:posTag>DT</j.4:posTag>
+ <j.1:anchorOf>The</j.1:anchorOf>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/system.owl#LinguisticAnnotation"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#PronounOrDeterminer"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/schema/string/OffsetBasedString"/>
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia-top.owl#LinguisticConcept"/>
+ <j.4:nextWord rdf:resource="http://nlp2rdf.lod2.eu/nif/offset_4_9_apple"/>
+ </rdf:Description>
+ <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#NonFiniteVerb">
+ <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+ <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://purl.org/olia/olia.owl#Verb"/>
+ <rdfs:comment>
+ Verb forms occurring on their own only in dependent clauses and lacking tense and mood contrasts.
+ (adapted from Crystal 2003; http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1332)
+
+ A non-finite verb is a verb that is not fully inflected for categories that are marked inflectionally in a language,
+ such as the following: Tense, Aspect, Modality, Number, Person.
+ (http://www...
[truncated message content] |
