make.exe: *** [preprocessing.exe] Error 1

[jeffrey soe]

i am writting the speech recognition program. but after finish done the program, i try to run individually,it can compile.

but now i want to link the preprocessing program with the normalization program, it fail to compile.

can u help me??

Compiler: Default compiler
Building Makefile: "D:\neural network\Makefile.win"
Executing make...
make.exe -f "D:\neural network\Makefile.win" all
g++.exe -DDEBUG preprocessing1.o normalization1.o preprocessing_private.res -o "preprocessing.exe" -L"C:/Dev-Cpp/lib" -mwindows C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libctl3d32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libd3d8.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libd3d9.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libd3dim.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libd3drm.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libd3dx8d.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libd3dx9d.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libd3dxof.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libddraw.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdhcpcsvc.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdinput.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdinput8.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdlcapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdmoguids.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdnsapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdplayx.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdpnaddr.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdpnet.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdpnlobby.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdpvoice.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdsetup.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdsound.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdxapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdxerr8.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdxerr9.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libdxguid.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libfaultrep.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libgdi32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libglaux.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libglu32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libglut.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libglut32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libgmon.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libhal.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libhid.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libhidparse.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libiberty.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libigmpagnt.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libimagehlp.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libimm32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libiphlpapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libkernel32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libksproxy.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libksuser.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/liblargeint.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/liblz32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libm.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmapi32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmcd.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmfcuia32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmgmtapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmingw32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmingwex.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmingwthrd.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmoldname.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmoldnamed.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmpr.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsacm32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsdmo.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsimg32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvcp60.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvcr70.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvcr70d.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvcr71.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvcr71d.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvcrt.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvcrtd.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmsvfw32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libmswsock.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libnddeapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libndis.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libnetapi32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libntdll.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libntoskrnl.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libodbc32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libodbccp32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libole32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/liboleacc.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/liboleaut32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libolecli32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/liboledlg.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libolepro32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libolesvr32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libopcodes.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libopengl32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libpenwin32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libpkpd32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libpowrprof.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libpsapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libquartz.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/librapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/librasapi32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/librasdlg.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/librpcdce4.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/librpcns4.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/librpcrt4.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libscrnsave.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libscrnsavw.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libscsiport.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libsecur32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libsetupapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libshell32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libshfolder.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libshlwapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libsnmpapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libstdc++.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libstrmiids.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libsupc++.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libsvrapi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libtapi32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libtdi.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libth32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libthunk32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/liburl.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libusbcamd.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libusbcamd2.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libuser32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libuserenv.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libuuid.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libuxtheme.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libvdmdbg.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libversion.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libvfw32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libvideoprt.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwin32k.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwin32spl.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwininet.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwinmm.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwinspool.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwinstrm.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwldap32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwow32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libws2_32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwsnmp32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwsock32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libwst.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libaclui.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libadvapi32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libapcups.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libavicap32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libavifil32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libbfd.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libcap.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libcfgmgr32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libcoldname.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libcomctl32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libcomdlg32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libcrtdll.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libcrypt32.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/libgcc.a C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.2/libgcov.a -lgmon -pg -g3

normalization1.o(.text+0x10a): In function main': D:/neural network/normalization1.cpp:28: multiple definition ofmain'
preprocessing1.o(.text+0x0):D:/neural network/preprocessing1.cpp:33: first defined here
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

make.exe: *** [preprocessing.exe] Error 1

Execution terminated

[cpns]

> D:/neural network/normalization1.cpp:28: multiple definition of `main'
> preprocessing1.o(.text+0x0):D:/neural network/preprocessing1.cpp:33: first defined here

Compiler diagnostic messages are for reading. The above is quire clear bit preprocessing1.cpp and normalization1.cpp contain a main() function. A program may only have one entry point.

If preprocessing completes then normalization follows I suggest that you rename both main functions: pre_main(), and norm_main(), and then write a new main() that calls these in the appropriate sequence passing any necessary paramaters.

Clifford

[cpns]

A few more points regarding your lig (but not related to your problem):

1) Do not put your projects in paths containing spaces. Change D:\neural network\ to D:\neural_network\ or similar. Both Dev-C++ and make.exe have bugs that sometimes cause problems with spaces in paths.

2) Your build options include -L"C:/Dev-Cpp/lib"; this tells the linker to look in that folder for libraries specified with -l (lower case L) options. However you have unnecessarily specified near all your libraries with fully qualified paths. Every library with a file name of the form C:/Dev-Cpp/lib/libXXX.a can be linked with just -lXXX (the lib prefix and the .a extension are implicit). This makes for a much more compact build log, and is then easier to spot problems.

3) I find it very hard to believe that you have an application comprising of two source modules that actually required all this libraries. Try to rationalise this it could seriously extend your build time on large projects. The linker has to search all those libraries in turn to resolve symbols, if the symbol to be resolved is in the later libraries in the list it will take longer - and all the standard library symbols will be resolved last. When faced with unresolved symbols, the solution is not to link everything you can find but to link what you need. It is not hard to determine which libraries contain which symbols.

4) Amongst the libraries you specified you explicitly specified libstdc++, libm.a and libgcc.a, but these are default libraries and need not be explicitly linked.

5) You have included libraries and options to code coverage testing and profiling. This may have been intentional, but in our experience here most users who have done that have done it inadvertently while ill-advisedly messing with the options dialog. My apologies if you know what you are doing but your over enthusiasm fro linking libraries suggests that you don't.

Clifford

[cpns]

lig -> log doh!