This is my configuration with bochs with debug mode enabled.
bochs 'boot:'c \
ata0-master:" type=disk, mode=flat, path=hd.img" \
memory:" guest=64, host=64" \
config_interface:" textconfig" display_library:" sdl2" \
keyboard:" type=mf, serial_delay=250, paste_delay=100000, user_shortcut=none, keymap=/usr/share/bochs/keymaps/sdl2-pc-de.map, user_shortcut=ctrl-f>" \
log:"bochsout.txt" \
sound:" waveoutdrv=alsa, waveindrv=alsa, midioutdrv=alsa" \
sb16:" midimode=1, midifile=output.mid, wavemode=1, wavefile=output.wav, loglevel=2, log=sb16.log, dmatimer=600000" \
speaker:" enabled=true, mode=sound"
To test the sound output, i installed the DOOM Shareware Edition (available on archive.org) on a FreeDOS image, that was running in BOCHS.
When i start DOOM, sound output works with the above option, but i only hear the demo play of the game. The demo play is automatically played right at the beginning when the player can select his own choices in the in game menu. Choices like start a new game, go to options, exit game etc..
But when i start a new game for the player, the sound output of the demo play still plays in an endless continuous loop. There is no sound output of the own player's game.
I never programmed a soundblaster card, but i assume, the playback buffers are not cleared in bochs. Thus Soundblater 16 emulation is broken.
When using SDL instead of ALSA as waveoutdrv no sound can be heard.
BTW, when i exit the game back to DOS, sound is still played a while.
Please try again with latest Bochs sources from Github, since we have recently fixed some sound issues. Please create an issue on Github if the sound output isn't better now.