[Anet-checkins] CVS: Documentation/design/latex Makefile,NONE,1.1 anet.bib,NONE,1.1 anetdesign.tex,NONE,1.1 appendix.sty,NONE,1.1 daemon.eps,NONE,1.1 url.sty,NONE,1.1

[Christopher J. <cwj...@us...>]

Update of /cvsroot/anet/Documentation/design/latex
In directory usw-pr-cvs1:/tmp/cvs-serv20957/design/latex

Added Files:
	Makefile anet.bib anetdesign.tex appendix.sty daemon.eps 
	url.sty 
Log Message:
Initial checkin of latex design docs

--- NEW FILE: Makefile ---
# Christopher Jensen
# Makefile that produces documents in many formats
# Sep 9, 2001

PROJECT=anetdesign
BIBFILE=anet.bib
TEXFILE=$(PROJECT).tex
DVIFILE=$(PROJECT).dvi
PSFILE=$(PROJECT).ps
all: dvi	
dvi:
	latex  $(TEXFILE)
	latex  $(TEXFILE)
	bibtex $(PROJECT)
	makeindex $(PROJECT)
	latex  $(TEXFILE)
	latex  $(TEXFILE)
ps: dvi
	dvips $(DVIFILE) -o $(PSFILE)

pdf: dvi
	ps2pdf $(PSFILE)
html: dvi
	latex2html -transparent $(TEXFILE)

zip:
	tar cvzf $(PROJECT).tgz $(TEXFILE) $(BIBFILE) Makefile
clean:
	rm *.cache *~ *.dvi *.toc *.bbl *.blg *.ilg *.ind *.idx *.lof *.log *.lot *.toc *.aux $(PSFILE) *.pdf -rf $(PROJECT)/

--- NEW FILE: anet.bib ---
% file: anet.bib
% ANet bibtex file

% Note: there is no special entry-type for web sites. 
% Misc is recommended by http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?question=89
% To typeset url's you will need the url.sty package that should be provided with the source
% The makefile should take care of generating the bibliography correctly.

@Misc{w3xml,
  OPTkey =       {},
  OPTauthor =    {},
  title =     {The World Wide Web Consortium: ``Extensible Markup Language (XML)''},
  howpublished = {\url"http://www.w3.org/XML"},
  OPTmonth =     {},
  OPTyear =      {},
  OPTnote =      {},
  OPTannote =    {}
}


@Misc{macmem,
  OPTkey =       {},
  OPTauthor =    {},
  title =     {Inside Macintosh: Memory},
  howpublished = {\url"http://developer.apple.com/techpubs/mac/Memory/Memory-2.html"},
  OPTmonth =     {},
  OPTyear =      {},
  OPTnote =      {},
  OPTannote =    {}
}


@Misc{perl,
  OPTkey =       {},
  OPTauthor =    {},
  title =     {Perl Mongers},
  howpublished = {\url"http://www.perl.org"},
  OPTmonth =     {},
  OPTyear =      {},
  OPTnote =      {},
  OPTannote =    {}
}



--- NEW FILE: anetdesign.tex ---
%=====================================================================
% Christopher Jensen
% file: highdesign.tex     
% latex source file
% 
%=====================================================================

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Editing Rules
% 
% - If you add macros document them.
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%   document. Under emacs this easily done with the auto-fill-mode.
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%=====================================================================%
% Preamble                                                            %
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\documentclass[letterpaper]{report}
\usepackage{latexsym}   % Use special symbols.
\usepackage{makeidx}    % Make an index.
\usepackage{url} \usepackage{appendix}
%\usepackage{fancyhdr}
%\usepackage{pandora}    % use the pandora fonts, they seem more modern
\usepackage{concrete}
\usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} % needed to load the correct driver when including graphics
\makeindex
% Dimensions for 8.5" x 11" paper
\textwidth 6.5in \textheight 9in
% The default top margin is 1".  The following command adjusts it to 0.5".
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\oddsidemargin 0pt \evensidemargin 0pt \topmargin 0pt

% \parskip is the vertical space between paragraphs.
% \parindent is the horizontal indentation at the beginning of a paragraph.
\parskip 1.5ex plus 1ex minus 0.5ex
%\parindent      0em
% Let Latex write the pages headings.
\pagestyle{headings}
% Number all sections, but include only section and subsections in the ToC.
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{5} \setcounter{tocdepth}{2}

% Cross-reference commands.
\newcommand{\xf}[1]{Figure~\ref{#1}}
\newcommand{\xp}[1]{page~\pageref{#1}}
\newcommand{\xs}[1]{Section~\ref{#1}}
\newcommand{\xa}[1]{Appendix~\ref{#1}}

\newcommand{\tx}{\TeX} \newcommand{\ltx}{\LaTeX2e}
\newcommand{\la}{\mathopen{<}} \newcommand{\ra}{\mathopen{>}}

\newcounter{exnum}
\newenvironment{example}[1]{\penalty-2000\vskip1.5\parskip
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{$\Box$}

% New environments defined specifically for this document.
\newenvironment{prog}{\def\-{\hskip 1em}\penalty-1000\vskip\parskip
\parskip0pt\leftskip2em\obeylines\ttfamily}{\par}

\title{ANet Software Design Document} 
\author{Benoit Nadeau\thanks{thanks to Christopher Jensen for porting 
the HTML documentation to beautiful \ltx}} 
\date{\today}

\begin{document}
\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\listoffigures \listoftables

\begin{abstract}
Blah Blah put all the ANet abstract here.
\end{abstract}

% Since I wanted an appendix and I thought we would combine both h-l &
% l-l designs, I thought we would need more sectionning, thus came the
% report document style and the \part.  The problem is the \part
% sectionning does not affect the counter in the table of contents,
% resulting with section numbers 0.1, 0.2.  In reports only the
% the level above \section is \chapter.  But the \chapter command makes
% a big bold chapter heading like in a book ( we don't want that).  
% Anyways I'm leaving it  there for the time being.  I'll try to
% figure something out later.

\setcounter{chapter}{1}
\part{High-Level Design} \label{part:hld} \index{high-level design}
This is the High-Level Design for ANet.  It presents a non-technical
view of the different components of ANet, how they work, how they
interact with each other and how they will be implemented.

\section{Run-Time Wrapper} \label{sec:rtw} \index{run-time wrapper}
Manages the creation, destruction and the communication of the
different modules of ANet.  Makes an abstraction of memory and file
management.  Maitains configuration files.

\subsection{Design}
\subsubsection{The Wrapper} \index{wrapper}
The ``wrapper'' is, simply said, the program that the user has to
launch to run the ANet daemon.  Actually, is is the running program,
because it controls the data flow inside the daemon.  The actual
implementation in done within what we call ``Modules'', so the wrapper
has to load, set-up and run those modules.  Also, it has to transfer
the data between the different modules.

The wrapper might run as a single thread.  Thus, any long Input/Output
should be done asynchronously, or the whole process will be blocked.

The data flow is done in ``passes'', in two directions: upwards, from
the network to the client interface, and downwards, in the other
direction.

\subsubsection{What is a Module?}
A module is an isolated group of code that can have one or more
running instances in the ANet daemon.  It is isolated by not being
able to make any assumption about its environment, other than the
run-time wrapper and the other modules it is allowed to communicate
with.

A module can be stored in a static library, a dynamic loading library
(DLL) or compiled with the rest of the daemon.

A module can have multiple running instances in the daemon by having
more than one ``context''.  The context is some global data, unique
for each different instance, and maintained by the wrapper.

\subsubsection{Loading Modules}
First, the wrapper has to load the code of the module.  It does so by
assuming that all modules will implement a function that returns a
list of the function names supported by the module, the name of the
module and its version.

Secondly, the wrapper has to load instances of the module.  It does
that by calling an initialization function, if
implemented\footnote{From the previous step, the wrapper already
``knows'' all the functions that are implemented, so it already
``knows'' if the initialization function exists.}, in the module, and
then assigns an unique number, the module instance ID, to the new
instance.

Thirdly, it has to assign some ``global space'' (more on this below)
to the module instance.  Whenever a function in a module is called,
the module instance ID is passed to the function, allowing it to
restore the global space of the current instance.

\subsubsection{Memory Management}
I know.  Everybody loves the ``new'' operator in C++.  Or the
``malloc'' function in C.  But then, in something as modular as ANet,
using them could break up the whole program.  This is not only for
controlling memory leaks,but especially to control, at all times, the
entire data used by modules outside the program stack.

An example.  Let's say you want to close the ANet daemon for 5
minutes, then restore ANet to its exact same state as before.  If
every module does its own memory management, then the modules may not
be ``smart'' enough to store to the hard disk the data they allocated
themselves.

More importantly, each module has multiple instances running in ANet,
and thus the data used by a module, that should stay in memory between
calls to the module, has to be maintained by whatever ``knows'' what
are those instances.  To solve all of these problems, the run-time
wrapper has to do two things.

First, no module should do any memory management other than the one
offered by the run-time wrapper.  Given a module instance ID and the
size of the wanted memory block, the wrapper can create a new ``memory
tag'' that can be used to get the memory location of the memory block.
Only those ``memory tags'' should be remembered, as the actual memory
locations can change between the different calls to a module.  A
module can change the size of a memory block, lock its position in
memory, mark it as temporary so its memory could be freed if memory is
tight, and so on.\footnote{This was ``inspired'' by, you know
\ldots\cite{macmem}}

Second, whenever a function in a module is called, the module instance
ID is passed to the function.  With that, the module instance can get
the address of its own ``global space''.  A module instance's global
space is a small block of memory that is created when the instance is
created.  The module instance can get its global space with no other
information than its own ID (which it always gets), and, for obvious
reasons, the global space cannot be marked as temporary or deleted.
Usually, instances should use their global space to store the other
memory tags that they allocated\footnote{Unless you're already having
some fun time making memory leaks \ldots}.

\subsubsection{File Management}
The wrapper will allow modules to do several things with the file
system:
\begin{description}
       \item Files: create, open, read, write, close and delete.
       \item Directories: create, read, delete
\end{description}
Once opened, files and directories are identified by an ID.  The files
and directories can be identified on the file system with three kind
of paths:
\begin{description}
       \item[UNIX] \verb|/directory/directory/.../file.| \\Up one directory: ..
       \item[MacOS] \verb|Disk:folder:folder:...:file.| \\Up one directory: ::
       \item[Win32] \verb|Disk:\directory\directory\...\file.ext.| \\Upone directory: ..
\end{description}

Those three kind of paths will be supported on all operating systems
that ANet will support, with the following restrictions:
\begin{description}
       \item Win32 systems assume that there is a file extension.  If
none is given, a generic one will be added when the file is created.
The generic file extension for ANet can be changed in the
configuration files.
       \item The ``Disk'' part of the Win32 paths will be ignored on
UNIX systems, except Mac OS X.
       \item On Mac OS 9, the file type and creator will be based on
the file name extension.  If the extension is missing, a generic
type/creator pair will be given to the file when created.  The default
pair can be changed in the configuration file.
       \item Files and directories will be created with the default
access privileges, which can be changed in the configuration file.
\end{description}

As said before, the wrapper could be a single thread.  So, all the
file management functions are only asynchronous; they won't have any
synchronous version.  This is to make sure that no module will block
the entire daemon because it is waiting for some Input/Output from the
file system.

Obviously, some timing functions will be available, so that modules
can know when their I/O functions have timed out.

\subsubsection{Configuration Management}
The run-time wrapper will also manage the configuration files.  The
configuration files are XML\cite{w3xml} files\footnote{Why XML? The
first thing is that I don't want the ANet configuration files to be
too difficult to edit.  Since ANet needs to have a structured
configuration file, anything else won't be as good.  Also, you can use
multiple XML files that will ``patch'' each other, in the order they
are loaded.  Finally, with all the hype around XML (why all this hype
anyways?), a lot of tools and code is already available.}.  At least
one of these files has to contain the root element, which represents
the whole ANet daemon, and contains the settings of the run-time
wrapper.

All module instances have their settings in the XML files.  Thus, when
an instance is initialized, it is given access to their XML tags.  The
instance is free to change their own XML tag and the tags it contains,
and the modified XML can be seen or saved back to the hard disk, if
the user wants it.

\subsubsection{Log Management}
The run-time wrapper will also offer functions that will allow module
instances to log messages to the hard disk.  The wrapper will try to
write those logs as fast as possible, so the write cache will be
small.  This can really help if you want to log something before
crashing.  Because of this small cache, even if the output to the disk
is asynchronous, it could result is a severe speed hit if abused, by
being too ``verbose''.  So, don't abuse of it.

Speaking of crashes, module instances can call a ``die'' function,
which logs something before terminating the module instance\footnote{A
bit like the ``die'' function in Perl\cite{perl}.}.  Since the global
space and all memory allocated to the instance is destroyed, the
instance should return from the function call as soon as possible.

\subsubsection{Inter-Module Communication}
Finally, the run-time wrapper will allow module instances to exchange
information through function calls in ways that are not explicitly
required by the wrapper.  Basically, an instance tells the wrapper ``I
want to call function X with arguments Y in module instance M''.
Then, the wrapper will call a function in M that will return true only
if, for the given information from the calling instance, M accepts to
get called by the other module.  Then, if that's the case, then
function will be called with the arguments.

Actually, before trying to make an inter-module call, the instance
will have to ask from the wrapper a list of instances that can accept
inter-module calls.  Based on that information, the instance decides
which instance to call.

\subsection{Implementation Notes}
Ideally, the wrapper would be multi-threaded.  But that would really
make everything more complex.  But then, cooperative multitasking (or
``fibers'' in Win32) is easy to implement.  The only problem is that
it has to be an explicit function call, made from time to time in all
the modules.  Even if it is too easy to forget to call that function
from time to time, it might be the best way to do multitasking, so
this will become a requirement in all the modules.  The memory
management functions could simply be wrappers around the ``malloc''
function, and its related functions.  A simple hash table and a linked
list are also needed.  There are several open-source XML parsers and
checkers out there, but surprisingly, most of them are not under the
GNU Public Licence.  So, we can use them, as long as they're not in
the same ``package'' as the rest of the source code from ANet.  The
Inter-Module Communication system could be as complex or as simple as
we want.  We should aim for simple, as it won't be used much, except
for weird optimizations (hacks) when modules ``know'' about each
other.

\subsection{DTD}
See the complete DTD for more information see \xs{sec:dtd}.
\begin{verbatim}
<!-- Root element --> <!ELEMENT ANet (ClientConnection)+, BandwidthManager, (ClusterGroup)+, CoreModules, (Cluster)+>
<!ATTLIST ANet %security;>
\end{verbatim}

\section{Client Connection Modules} \label{sec:ccm}
Communication bridge between the ANet daemon and the clients.

\section{Data Transformation Modules} \label{sec:dtm}
Transform some data.

\section{Client SDK} \label{sec:csdk}
Group of libraries to simplify the process of building clients for
ANet.

\section{Cluster Group Modules} \label{sec:cgm}
Define data duplication between different clusters.

\section{Cluster Filter Modules} \label{sec:clus}
Define data filtering for a cluster.

\section{ANet Core} \label{sec:ac}
Does the actual data duplication within a cluster.  Contains the
query, static data and TWDT modules.

\section{Handshaking Protocol Modules} \label{sec:hpm} 
Define what and how connections should be made and manage resumed
connections.

\section{Packet Protocol Modules} \label{sec:ppm}
Define the way the data will be streamed between two nodes.

\section{Connection Protocol Modules} \label{sec:cpm}
Define how network connections, from a low-level point of view, should
be made between two nodes.

\section{Bandwidth Manager Module} \label{sec:bbm}
Monitors the network connections to maintain bandwidth statistics.

\section{Document Type Definition (DTD)} \label{sec:dtd}
This is the DTD file for the ANet configuration files.

\setcounter{chapter}{2}
\part{Low-Level Design}
%\chapter{Low-Level Design}
\bibliographystyle{plain} \bibliography{anet}

\appendix
\appendixpage
\addappheadtotoc
\chapter{Graphs}
\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=.5]{daemon}
\end{center}
\label{fig:daemon} \caption{High-Level Structure of the ANet Daemon} 
\end{figure}

\printindex
\end{document}

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%% 
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showpage

--- NEW FILE: url.sty ---
% url.sty  ver 1.5    28-Mar-1999   Donald Arseneau   as...@tr...
% Copyright 1996-1999 Donald Arseneau,  Vancouver, Canada.
% This program can be used, distributed, and modified under the terms
% of the LaTeX Project Public License.
%
% A form of \verb that allows linebreaks at certain characters or
% combinations of characters, accepts reconfiguration, and can usually
% be used in the argument to another command.  It is intended for email
% addresses, hypertext links, directories/paths, etc., which normally
% have no spaces.  The font may be selected using the \urlstyle command,
% and new url-like commands can be defined using \urldef.
%
% Usage:    Conditions:
% \url{ }   If the argument contains any "%", "#", or "^^", or ends with
%           "\", it can't be used in the argument to another command.
%           The argument must not contain unbalanced braces.
% \url|  |  ...where "|" is any character not used in the argument and not
%           "{" or a space.  The same restrictions as above except that the
%           argument may contain unbalanced braces.
% \xyz      for "\xyz" a defined-url;  this can be used anywhere, no matter
%           what characters it contains.
%
% See further instructions after "\endinput"
%
\def\Url@ttdo{% style assignments for tt fonts or T1 encoding
\def\UrlBreaks{\do\.\do\@\do\\\do\/\do\!\do\_\do\|\do\%\do\;\do\>\do\]%
 \do\)\do\,\do\?\do\'\do\+\do\=\do\#}%
\def\UrlBigBreaks{\do\:\do@url@hyp}%
\def\UrlNoBreaks{\do\(\do\[\do\{\do\<}% (unnecessary)
\def\UrlSpecials{\do\ {\ }}%
\def\UrlOrds{\do\*\do\-\do\~}% any ordinary characters that aren't usually
}
\def\Url@do{% style assignments for OT1 fonts except tt
\def\UrlBreaks{\do\.\do\@\do\/\do\!\do\%\do\;\do\]\do\)\do\,\do\?\do\+%
\do\=\do\#}\def\UrlBigBreaks{\do\:\do@url@hyp}%
\def\UrlNoBreaks{\do\(\do\[\do\{}% prevents breaks after *next* character
\def\UrlSpecials{\do\<{\langle}\do\>{\mathbin{\rangle}}\do\_{\_%
 \penalty\@m}\do\|{\mid}\do\{{\lbrace}\do\}{\mathbin{\rbrace}}\do
 \\{\mathbin{\backslash}}\do\~{\raise.6ex\hbox{\m@th$\scriptstyle\sim$}}\do
 \ {\ }}%
\def\UrlOrds{\do\'\do\"\do\-}%
}
\def\url@ttstyle{%
\@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\tt}}{\def\UrlFont{\ttfamily}}\Url@ttdo
}
\def\url@rmstyle{%
\@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\rm}}{\def\UrlFont{\rmfamily}}\Url@do
}
\def\url@sfstyle{%
\@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\sf}}{\def\UrlFont{\sffamily}}\Url@do
}
\def\url@samestyle{\ifdim\fontdimen\thr@@\font=\z@ \url@ttstyle \else
  \url@rmstyle \fi \def\UrlFont{}}

\@ifundefined{strip@prefix}{\def\strip@prefix#1>{}}{}
\@ifundefined{verbatim@nolig@list}{\def\verbatim@nolig@list{\do\`}}{}

\def\Url{%
 \begingroup \let\url@moving\relax\relax \endgroup
 \ifmmode\@nomatherr$\fi
 \UrlFont $\fam\z@ \textfont\z@\font
 \let\do\@makeother \dospecials % verbatim catcodes
 \catcode`{\@ne \catcode`}\tw@ \catcode`\ 10 % except braces and spaces
 \medmuskip\Urlmuskip \thickmuskip\medmuskip \thinmuskip0mu%
 \relpenalty\UrlBreakPenalty \binoppenalty\UrlBigBreakPenalty
 \@tempcnta\fam\multiply\@tempcnta\@cclvi
 \let\do\set@mathcode \UrlOrds % ordinary characters that were special
 \advance\@tempcnta 8192 \UrlBreaks % bin
 \advance\@tempcnta 4096 \UrlBigBreaks % rel
 \advance\@tempcnta 4096 \UrlNoBreaks % open
 \let\do\set@mathact \UrlSpecials % active
 \let\do\set@mathnolig \verbatim@nolig@list % prevent ligatures
 \@ifnextchar\bgroup\Url@z\Url@y}

\def\Url@y#1{\catcode`{11 \catcode`}11
  \def\@tempa##1#1{\Url@z{##1}}\@tempa}
\def\Url@z#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\Url@Hook
  \expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa\UrlRight\m@th$\endgroup}
\def\Url@Hook{\UrlLeft}
\let\UrlRight\@empty
\let\UrlLeft\@empty

\def\set@mathcode#1{\count@`#1\advance\count@\@tempcnta\mathcode`#1\count@}
\def\set@mathact#1#2{\mathcode`#132768 \lccode`\~`#1\lowercase{\def~{#2}}}
\def\set@mathnolig#1{\ifnum\mathcode`#1<32768
   \lccode`\~`#1\lowercase{\edef~{\mathchar\number\mathcode`#1_{\/}}}%
   \mathcode`#132768 \fi}

\def\urldef#1#2{\begingroup \setbox\z@\hbox\bgroup
  \def\Url@z{\Url@def{#1}{#2}}#2}
\expandafter\ifx\csname DeclareRobustCommand\endcsname\relax
  \def\Url@def#1#2#3{\m@th$\endgroup\egroup\endgroup
    \def#1{#2{#3}}}
\else
  \def\Url@def#1#2#3{\m@th$\endgroup\egroup\endgroup
    \DeclareRobustCommand{#1}{#2{#3}}}
\fi

\def\urlstyle#1{\csname url@#1style\endcsname}

% Sample (and default) configuration:
%
\newcommand\url{\begingroup \Url}
%
\newmuskip\Urlmuskip \Urlmuskip=0mu
\mathchardef\UrlBigBreakPenalty=\binoppenalty
\mathchardef\UrlBreakPenalty=\relpenalty
%
% picTeX defines \path, so declare it optionally:
\@ifundefined{path}{\newcommand\path{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\Url}}{}
%
% too many styles define \email like \address, so I will not define it.
% \newcommand\email{\begingroup \urls...
 
[truncated message content]