amforth-devel — Development discussion and user support

Re: [Amforth-devel] [Req]Simulator for AmForth?

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

adiw xl, 1
DO_NEXT:
brts DO_INTERRUPT
movw zl, XL        ; READ IP
readflashcell wl, wh
adiw XL, 1        ; INC IP

DO_EXECUTE:
movw zl, wl
readflashcell temp0,temp1
movw zl, temp0
ijmp          <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< HERE CALLS AVRStudio usoft

DO_INTERRUPT:
; here we deal with interrupts the forth way
lds temp0, intcur
ldi zl, LOW(intvec)
ldi zh, HIGH


> however after few steps the AVR Studio crashed (it
> shots down the
> simulator) - always on first "ijmp" instruction
> (atmega1284p). 

Re: [Amforth-devel] [Req]Simulator for AmForth?

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Hi, I can imagine the headache, indeed. The experts may answer the
simulator Q.. I've put the stuff into AVR Studio 4.18 SP2 (build 700
and 692)and I've tried to run amforth in simulator. IT WORKS,
however after few steps the AVR Studio crashed (it shots down the
simulator) - always on first "ijmp" instruction (atmega1284p). The
other way is to simulate in VMLAB (this supports the smaller atmels
only).
You cannot compile to x86 as the amforth is written in ATMEGA AVR
assembler. P.

> hi, all
> 
> I've got headache on debug the words on the board.
> I need a simulator for amforth.
> Does anyone know how to solve it? Or how to
> compile the amForth to X86? Where are the forth
> source of the core?
> 
>

[Amforth-devel] comment ( n -- (xx) ) puts 0 on stack

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Hi, is this correct behaviour in respect to comment content? P.


: abcd1 ( n -- xx )
.s ;


: abcd2 ( n -- (xx) )  <<<< 
.s ;

> 1234 abcd1
0 12846 1234 
ok
>

> .s
ok
> 1234 abcd2
0 12844 0     <<<< additional 0 on stack
1 12846 1234 
ok
> 

Re: [Amforth-devel] A collection of new ".s" - for fun

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Hi, better code for stacks hexa vertical. Pito

\ Some new .s
\ by Pito 2010-09-10
\ v3 WITH TOS, TOR ON RIGHT SIDE
\    PRINTED VERTICALLY !!!
\ a little bit optimised

marker -newdots

: u.r       ( s n -- )   0 swap ud.r ;  \ comment if installed

: nibble ( n -- nth_nibbble )
1-  2* 2*  rshift $f and ; 

: ns@ ( n -- tos-n ) \ fetches n-th dstack position from tos
1+ 2* sp@ + @ ;   


\ ONELINE HEXA DSTACK VERTICAL 
: .svh
hex
sp@
base @
depth 1- 1- 

4 0 do

." ["
dup 0 ?do 
dup 1- i  -
2* 3 ns@ + @ 4 j - nibble 1 u.r ."  "
loop
." <S]" cr

loop

drop    \ drop depth
base !	
drop     \ drop sp@
;


: rdepth rp0 rp@ - 2/  1- 1- ; 

\ ONELINE HEXA RSTACK VERTICAL 
: .rvh
hex
rp@ 1-
base @
rdepth 1- 1- 

4 0 do

." ["
dup 0 ?do 
dup 1- i  -
2* 3 ns@ + @ 4 j - nibble 1 u.r ."  "
loop
." <R]" cr

loop

drop    \ drop rdepth
base !	
drop     \ drop rp@
;


: ? .svh .rvh cr ;

: rtest
?
$ABCD $BCDA ? >r ? >r ?
r> ? r> ? 
drop drop ?
;
\ --------------------------

EX:
> $1122 $3344 $5566 $7788 $99FF
ok
> .svh
[1 3 5 7 9 <S]
[1 3 5 7 9 <S]
[2 4 6 8 F <S]
[2 4 6 8 F <S]
ok
> $1122 $3344 $5566 $7788 $99FF
ok
> .svh
[1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 <S]
[1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 <S]
[2 4 6 8 F 2 4 6 8 F <S]
[2 4 6 8 F 2 4 6 8 F <S]
ok
> .s
0 3FEB 99FF 
1 3FED 7788 
2 3FEF 5566 
3 3FF1 3344 
4 3FF3 1122 
5 3FF5 99FF 
6 3FF7 7788 
7 3FF9 5566 
8 3FFB 3344 
9 3FFD 1122 
ok
> .rvh
[0 1 <R]
[6 E <R]
[0 D <R]
[3 E <R]
ok
> rtest
[<S]
[<S]
[<S]
[<S]
[0 1 1 1 <R]
[6 F F E <R]
[0 1 0 D <R]
[3 6 D E <R]

[A B <S]
[B C <S]
[C D <S]
[D A <S]
[0 1 1 1 <R]
[6 F F E <R]
[0 1 0 D <R]
[3 B D E <R]

[A <S]
[B <S]
[C <S]
[D <S]
[0 B 1 1 1 <R]
[6 C F F E <R]
[0 D 1 0 D <R]
[3 A D D E <R]

[<S]
[<S]
[<S]
[<S]
[0 B A 1 1 1 <R]
[6 C B F F E <R]
[0 D C 1 0 D <R]
[3 A D F D E <R]

[A <S]
[B <S]
[C <S]
[D <S]
[0 B 1 1 1 <R]
[6 C F F E <R]
[0 D 2 0 D <R]
[3 A 1 D E <R]

[A B <S]
[B C <S]
[C D <S]
[D A <S]
[0 1 1 1 <R]
[6 F F E <R]
[0 2 0 D <R]
[3 3 D E <R]

[<S]
[<S]
[<S]
[<S]
[0 1 1 1 <R]
[6 F F E <R]
[0 2 0 D <R]
[3 6 D E <R]

ok
> 

[Amforth-devel] [Req]Simulator for AmForth?

[李雪愚 <sno...@gm...>]

hi, all

I've got headache on debug the words on the board. I need a simulator for amforth.
Does anyone know how to solve it? Or how to compile the amForth to X86? Where are the forth source of the core?


Thnks and Best Regards.

Re: [Amforth-devel] A collection of new ".s" - for fun

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Hi, here is the data stack printed Vertically, TOS on rigt side.
Currently HEX only, not optimised yet.. Pito

\ Some new .s
\ by Pito 2010-09-10
\ v3 WITH TOS ON RIGHT SIDE
\    PRINTED VERTICALLY !!!
\ not optimised yet

marker -newdots

: u.r       ( s n -- )   0 swap ud.r ;  \ comment if installed

variable temporary

: num4 ( n -- n4th ) \ takes 4th nibble
8 rshift 4 rshift $f and ;    \ WHY DOES SHIFT NOT WORK WITH WORD???
: num3 ( n -- n3rd ) \ takes 3rd nibble
8 rshift $f and ;    \ WHY DOES SHIFT NOT WORK WITH WORD???
: num2 ( n -- n2nd ) \ takes 2nd nibble
4 rshift $f and ;    \ WHY DOES SHIFT NOT WORK WITH WORD???
: num1 ( n -- n1st ) \ takes 1st nibble
$f and ;    \ WHY DOES SHIFT NOT WORK WITH WORD???

\ ONELINE HEXA STACK VERTICAL
: .svh
sp@ temporary !
." ["
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i  -
2* temporary @ + 
base @ swap hex @ num4 1 u.r ."  " base !
loop
drop ." <T]" cr

sp@ temporary !
." ["
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i  -
2* temporary @ + 
base @ swap hex @ num3 1 u.r ."  " base !
loop
drop ." <O]" cr

sp@ temporary !
." ["
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i  -
2* temporary @ + 
base @ swap hex @ num2 1 u.r ."  " base !
loop
drop ." <S]" cr

sp@ temporary !
." ["
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i  -
2* temporary @ + 
base @ swap hex @ num1 1 u.r ."  " base !
loop
drop ." <H]" cr

;

: stest1
.svh
$ABCD
.svh
20 0 do dup .svh cr loop
20 0 do drop .svh cr loop
drop
.svh
cr
;

-------------------------

ex:

> stest1
[<T]
[<O]
[<S]
[<H]
[A <T]
[B <O]
[C <S]
[D <H]
[A A <T]
[B B <O]
[C C <S]
[D D <H]

[A A A <T]
[B B B <O]
[C C C <S]
[D D D <H]

[A A A A <T]
[B B B B <O]
[C C C C <S]
[D D D D <H]

[A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D D <H]

[A A A A A <T]
[B B B B B <O]
[C C C C C <S]
[D D D D D <H]

[A A A A <T]
[B B B B <O]
[C C C C <S]
[D D D D <H]

[A A A <T]
[B B B <O]
[C C C <S]
[D D D <H]

[A A <T]
[B B <O]
[C C <S]
[D D <H]

[A <T]
[B <O]
[C <S]
[D <H]

[<T]
[<O]
[<S]
[<H]

ok
> -12345 $FFE2 2200 0 -1
ok
> .svh
[C F 0 0 F <T]
[F F 8 0 F <O]
[C E 9 0 F <S]
[7 2 8 0 F <H]
ok
> 

Pito

Re: [Amforth-devel] A collection of new ".s" - for fun

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Ni, based on Stefan's recommendation - everything in right->left and
bottom-> up. Ufff! GRRRH! Pito
\ Some new .s
\ by Pito 2010-09-09
\ v2 WITH TOS AND TOR ON RIGHT SIDE
\    WITH TOS AND TOR ON BOTTOM

marker -newdots

: u.r       ( s n -- )   0 swap ud.r ;  \ comment if installed

variable temporary

: rdepth rp0 rp@ - 2/  1- 1- ; 


\ ONELINE HEXA STACK
: .slh
sp@ temporary !
." ["
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i  -
2* temporary @ + 
base @ swap hex @ 6 u.r base !
loop
drop ." <TOSH]"
;

\ ONELINE UNSIGNED STACK
: .slu
sp@ temporary !
." ["
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i  -
2* temporary @ +
base @ swap decimal @ 6 u.r base !
loop
drop ." <TOSU]"
;

\ ONELINE SIGNED STACK
: .sls
sp@ temporary !
." ["
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i  -
2* temporary @ +
base @ swap decimal @ 6 .r base !
loop
drop ." <TOSS]"
;

\ ONELINE SIGNED RSTACK
: .rls
rp@  1- temporary !      \ alignment vs. .s ???
." [" 
rdepth dup 0 ?do   
dup 1- i -
2* temporary @ +    		
base @ swap decimal @ 6 .r base ! 
loop
drop ." <TORS]"
;

\ ONELINE UNSIGNED RSTACK
: .rlu
rp@  1- temporary !      \ alignment vs. .s ???
." [" 
rdepth dup 0 ?do   
dup 1- i -
2* temporary @ +    		
base @ swap decimal @ 6 u.r base ! 
loop
drop ." <TORU]"
;

\ ONELINE HEXA RSTACK
: .rlh
rp@  1- temporary !      \ alignment vs. .s ???
." [" 
rdepth dup 0 ?do   
dup 1- i -
2* temporary @ +    		
base @ swap hex @ 6 u.r base !
loop
drop ." <TORH]"
;

\ IN COLUMNS DSTACK ON BOTTOM NO ADDRR UNSIGNED SIGNED HEXA 
: .scb
sp@ temporary ! 
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i -
dup dup 0 = if ." TOS>|" drop else negate 4 .r ." |" then   	
2* temporary @ +   \ dup 7 u.r 	( prints the address )
dup dup 
base @ swap decimal @ 7 u.r base !
base @ swap decimal @ 7 .r base !
base @ swap hex @ 6 u.r base !
cr
loop
drop
;

\ IN COLUMNS DSTACK ON BOTTOM WITH ADDRR UNSIGNED SIGNED HEXA 
: .sab
sp@ temporary !
depth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i -
dup dup 0 = if ." TOS>|" drop else negate 4 .r ." |" then 
2* temporary @ + dup 7 u.r ." |"  ( prints the address )
dup dup 
base @ swap decimal @ 7 u.r base !
base @ swap decimal @ 7 .r base !
base @ swap hex @ 6 u.r base !
cr
loop
drop
;

\ IN COLUMNS RSTACK ON BOTTOM WITH ADDRR UNSIGNED SIGNED HEXA 
: .rcb
rp@  1- temporary ! 
rdepth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i -
dup dup 0 = if ." TOR>|" drop else negate 4 .r ." |" then   	
2* temporary @ +   \ dup 7 u.r 	( prints the address )
dup dup 
base @ swap decimal @ 7 u.r base !
base @ swap decimal @ 7 .r base !
base @ swap hex @ 6 u.r base !
cr
loop
drop
;

\ IN COLUMNS RSTACK ON BOTTOM WITH ADDRR UNSIGNED SIGNED HEXA 
: .rab
rp@  1- temporary !
rdepth dup 0 ?do
dup 1- i -
dup dup 0 = if ." TOR>|" drop else negate 4 .r ." |" then 
2* temporary @ + dup 7 u.r ." |"  ( prints the address )
dup dup 
base @ swap decimal @ 7 u.r base !
base @ swap decimal @ 7 .r base !
base @ swap hex @ 6 u.r base !
cr
loop
drop
;


\ a quick test for oneline .s

marker -testsdtot

: .sla cr .sls cr .slu cr .slh ;

: stest1
$AAAA
.sla cr
5 0 do dup .sla cr loop
5 0 do drop .sla cr loop
drop
.sla cr
;

: ? .sls cr .rls cr ;

: rtest
?
-8888 -8888 -8888 -8888 ? >r ? >r ? >r ? >r ?
r> ? r> ? r> ? r> ? 
drop drop drop drop ?
;

: rtest1 .rls ;

: rtest2 rtest1 ;

: rtest3 rtest2 ;


: rtestc1 cr .rab ;

: rtestc2 rtestc1 ;

: rtestc3 rtestc2 ;

---------------------------------------------
Examples:

> stest1

[-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846-21846-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690 43690 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846-21846-21846-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690 43690 43690 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846-21846-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690 43690 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA  AAAA<TOSH]

[-21846<TOSS]
[ 43690<TOSU]
[  AAAA<TOSH]

[<TOSS]
[<TOSU]
[<TOSH]
ok
> rtest
[<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 14535 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888 -8888 -8888 -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 14544 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888 -8888 -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 -8888 14546 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888 -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 -8888 -8888 14548 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 -8888 -8888 -8888 14550 14526 13987<TORS]
[<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 -8888 -8888 -8888 -8888 14552 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 -8888 -8888 -8888 14554 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888 -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 -8888 -8888 14556 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888 -8888 -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 -8888 14558 14526 13987<TORS]
[ -8888 -8888 -8888 -8888<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 14560 14526 13987<TORS]
[<TOSS]
[     0   934  1539 14565 14526 13987<TORS]
ok
> rtest1
[     0   934  1539 14573 13987<TORS] ok
> rtest2
[     0   934  1539 14581 14573 13987<TORS] ok
> rtest3
[     0   934  1539 14589 14581 14573 13987<TORS] ok
> rtestc1

-4|  16634|      0      0     0
-3|  16632|    934    934   3A6
-2|  16630|   1539   1539   603
-1|  16628|  14599  14599  3907
TOR>|  16626|  14427  14427  385B
ok
> rtestc2

-5|  16634|      0      0     0
-4|  16632|    934    934   3A6
-3|  16630|   1539   1539   603
-2|  16628|  14608  14608  3910
-1|  16626|  14599  14599  3907
TOR>|  16624|  14427  14427  385B
ok
> rtestc3

-6|  16634|      0      0     0
-5|  16632|    934    934   3A6
-4|  16630|   1539   1539   603
-3|  16628|  14617  14617  3919
-2|  16626|  14608  14608  3910
-1|  16624|  14599  14599  3907
TOR>|  16622|  14427  14427  385B
ok
> .s
ok
> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ok
> .slh
[     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9     A<TOSH]
ok
> .sls
[     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9    10<TOSS]
ok
> .slu
[     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9    10<TOSU]
ok
> .scb
-9|      1      1     1
-8|      2      2     2
-7|      3      3     3
-6|      4      4     4
-5|      5      5     5
-4|      6      6     6
-3|      7      7     7
-2|      8      8     8
-1|      9      9     9
TOS>|     10     10     A
ok
> .sab
-9|  16381|      1      1     1
-8|  16379|      2      2     2
-7|  16377|      3      3     3
-6|  16375|      4      4     4
-5|  16373|      5      5     5
-4|  16371|      6      6     6
-3|  16369|      7      7     7
-2|  16367|      8      8     8
-1|  16365|      9      9     9
TOS>|  16363|     10     10     A
ok
> 

Re: [Amforth-devel] HOW TO - Assembler in anmforth

[Marcin C. <sa...@sa...>]

Two quick remarks:

>> 2. how the data from data stack (or from return stack) are passed to
>> assembler

- data stack (all elements EXCEPT top of the stack) are kept close
  to the end of RAM (end of RAM - 128), growing down.

- TOP of the stack is kept in register pair (tosh:tosl)

>> 3. how the data are passed from asm. back to data stack or return
>> stack

- if you just change top of the stack (say remove 1 parameter and
  put 1 cell of results) just change contents of tosh:tosl registers

- "loadtos" macro fetches the second item on stack and loads it
  into the tosh:tosl, while moving stack pointer down -
  - so it effectively the same as DROP.
  Of course, if one needs to preserve top of stack another
  "ld" command can be used to load 2nd, 3rd, etc. elements
  into other registers.

- "storetos" macro stores the TOS on to the stack, therefore
  it is how DUP is implemented. If you want just to push
  something on stack just "storetos" and modify tosh:tosl.

- return stack is the machine stack. it starts at the end of RAM
  and grows downward (toward smaller addresses), the same
  direction as the data stack. It means you have 128 bytes
  (64 16-bit words) for the return stack available by default.

- second item on a data stack is pointed by the YH:YL register
  pair

- push, pop operate on the return stack then (see >r, r>, r@)

- inner interpreter stores current Forth instruction pointer
  in the register pair XH:XL and pushes it/pops off the return
  stack as necessary. 

It's all in amforth.asm - first 87 lines

--Marcin

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug

[Kalus M. <mic...@on...>]

Am 09.09.2010 um 20:10 schrieb Matthias Trute:
...
> There is no way to use forth words from within the
> assembler code. For that you need to initialize
> a forth vm and call it. The only "guide" for that
> is the startup code itself (amforth.asm).

and goes like this:

<snip>
    sei ; global interupt enable.
    push XL
    push XH
    lds  XL,0x5F   ; status register
    push XL
	.. maybe you have to include even more registers
    push R22       ; tosl = r22
    push R23       ; tosh = r23
    push R24       ; wl
    push R25       ; wh
    push YL
    push YH
    push ZL
    push ZH
	...
	<your code>
	...
; switch to high level forth: :
    sei
    ldi  XL,low(pfa_forthISR)
    ldi  XH,high(pfa_forthISR)
    jmp  DO_NEXT
; -- pointer to NEXT word:
pfa_forthISR:
    .dw  XT_MAINWORD
; -- come back to code:
    .dw  PC+1  ; next IP
    .dw  PC+1  ; next cfa
	...
	<more of your code>
	...
    pop ZH
    pop ZL
    pop YH
    pop YL
    pop R25
    pop R24
    pop R23
    pop R22
	.. maybe you have to include even more registers
    pop XL
    sts 0x5F,XL
    pop XH
    pop XL
    jmp  DO_NEXT (or RTI if you are in an ISR)
</snip>

see examples in paper VD1/2010  http://www.forth-ev.de/filemgmt/ 
viewcat.php?cid=53

worked with amforth3.6
still good with 4.1?
Michael

Re: [Amforth-devel] HOW TO - Assembler in anmforth

[Matthias T. <mt...@we...>]

him

> 10. how the local .asm variables (used in asm rouitne shall be
> handled (e.g. where in ram to place the local variables).

If you use Lubos assembler, you can allocate RAM and use the address.
The assembler is, after all, forth code which compiles machine code.

When using the avrasm, there are examples in the source tree: e.g.
base.asm or any other variable.

IMHO not trivial, but no real secrets.

Matthias

Re: [Amforth-devel] HOW TO - Assembler in anmforth

[Matthias T. <mt...@we...>]

Pito,

> The example could be the timer int routine:
> : tick_isr  _one timer 2@ d+ timer 2! ;
> which does "timer = timer + 1" where timer is double integer. I've
> seen usart routines and Lubos' routines in asm, however generaly the
> Q:
> 
> 1. is there any recommended structure or frame for writing assembler
> words

Just look at Lubos' examples. He has written quite a lot (e.g.
for sd card access via SPI or optimized bit level access)

> 1a. is there any recomemnded structure or frame for writing
> assembler interrupt handlers

A definition starts with "code", which creates the dictionary
entry. Everything else need to compile real machine code, the
last instruction has to be end-code, which compiles the jump
instruction back to forth. Everything in between is yours, completly.

> 2. how the data from data stack (or from return stack) are passed to
> assembler
> 3. how the data are passed from asm. back to data stack or return
> stack
> 4. how the external variables (defined as words) are accessed from
> assembler
> 5. how the data stack is duped or droped from assembler

The assembler has full control once the code is started. And
the full responsibility to keep everything intact. If you
modify vital registers, you may crash the system easily.

> 6. what shall be poped and pushed in asm. routine (when entering and
> leaving it)
> 7. how the asm return stack is handled (imagine we need nested calls
> in asm)
> 8. how the ram, eprom can be accessed from asm

RAM is easy: there are machine instruction like ld and st (with
variants). I'd recommend studying the atmel assembler document
(doc0856.pdf) from there website. There are >>100 different
instructions available.

Everything else is increasingly complex, you can read (and duplicate)
the code from the words/*.asm files, there are some code words.


> 9. how the asm code shall be compiled (? via LP's asm or via
> avrasm.)

I use the avrasm. Lubos' assembler has been checked to work
correctly so I think its a matter of taste: flashing a completly
new hex image or using the terminal prompt. YMMV

Matthias

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug

[Matthias T. <mt...@we...>]

Pito,

> Hi, I started with LP asm (amforth 4.0):
> \ ----- Test AvrAsm -----
> : loadtos, 16 Y+ ld, 17 Y+ ld, ; \ define macro
> : savetos, -Y 17 st, -Y 16 st, ; \ tosl=r22, tosh=r23

The assembler may use any register. But one has to be
careful when changing registers used by amforth itself.
The actual register allocation is in the macros.inc file.


Its safe to use the registers labeled as temp, all others
should not be changed at all. Some are seldom used, others
only if special words are used (such as the extended vm
registers from reg-a.asm).

There is no way to use forth words from within the
assembler code. For that you need to initialize
a forth vm and call it. The only "guide" for that
is the startup code itself (amforth.asm).

Matthias

Re: [Amforth-devel] Bug - ".s"

[Matthias T. <mt...@we...>]

Pito,

> 
> then I see at sp0 = 16383 is 0. Why the 111 is written to 16381
> (low) and 16382 (high) and not to 16382 (low) and 16383 (high)? Not
> so important, only the alignment of words on odd addresses is
> something unusual to see..P.

That is a direct effect of placing the stacks at the last available
address. You can change it by setting the stack start addresses
in the template.asm (or whatever your application master file is).

Your .s variants are interesting indeed, and a matter of personal
taste which one to choose. I'll keep my version ;=)

Matthias

Re: [Amforth-devel] A collection of new ".s" - for fun

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Stefan, thanks for the feedback!
Both [TOS> ] and [TOR> ] are coded to have tos, tor on lefthandside.
Of course the utility is for fun, so you may change that. For me is
much more natural to see stack closer to the prompt as this is TOP.
So you can see immediately what in on top of stack. Also the blowing
stack from left to right is more natural for me. We even wright from
left to right and read as well. I am playing golf left handed too,
so I did not think a second where to place TOP.
Frankly, I have to study the rules for writing the comment on stack
e.g.
I did in get.rtc ( -- tos> YY MM WD DD HH MM SS )...to be on safe
side. Pito.


> On the other hand, I must admit, it's somewhat
> non-intuitive
> to have the _top_ of the stack displayed at the
> _bottom_ of
> the screen. ;-)
> 
> Stefan
>

Re: [Amforth-devel] Driver for PCF8563 RTC

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

A shorter get.rtc for the PCF8563 RTC library:

: get.rtc ( -- tos> YY MM WD DD HH MM SS )
2                     \ start address
1 i2c_addr_rtc >i2c   \ send > rtc
7 i2c_addr_rtc <i2c   \ read 7 Bytes
>r >r >r >r >r >r >r  \ removes garbage
r> $7f and	\ SS
r> $7f and	\ MM
r> $3f and	\ HH
r> $3f and	\ DD
r> $07 and	\ WeekDay
r> $1f and	\ MONTH
r> $ff and  	\ YY
;

Ex:
> printdate.rtc
2010/09/09-04-10:44:48 ok
> 
p.

[Amforth-devel] Driver for PCF8563 RTC

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Hi, enclosed pls find the driver for PCF8563 RTC. Enjoy, Pito.

\ i2c_rtc_PCF8563.frt
\ read/set time on PCF8563 real time clock
\ Pito 9/2010
\ based on EW lib 2008 PCF8583, bcd>dec, needs i2c.frt, twi.frt
\ words: get.rtc ( -- x0 .. x5 yy )
\        set.rtc ( Y m wd d H M S -- )
\        printdate.rtc ( Y m wd d H M S -- )

\ PCF8563:
\ addr
\ 0x00    control1
\ 0x01    control2
\ 0x02    6-0: sec.bcd
\ 0x03    6-0: min.bcd
\ 0x04    5-0: hour.bcd
\ 0x05    5-0: day.bcd
\ 0x06    2-1: weekday.bin
\ 0x07    4-0: month.bcd
\ 0x08    7-0: year.bcd / 00-99

marker -driverPCF8563

hex
a2 constant i2c_addr_rtc
decimal

: bcd>dec ( n.bcd -- n.dec )
255 and
dup
4 rshift 10 * \ extract high nibble as 10s
swap
15 and       \ extract low  nibble as 1s
+             \ add
;

: dec>bcd ( n.dec -- n.bcd )
100 mod      \ 99 is largest for 8 bit bcd
10 /mod
4 lshift
+
255 and       \ truncate to 8 bit
;


: get.rtc ( -- tos> YY MM WD DD HH MM SS )
2                     \ start address
1 i2c_addr_rtc >i2c   \ send > rtc
6 i2c_addr_rtc <i2c   \ read 6 Bytes
8                    	\ YEAR's address
1 i2c_addr_rtc >i2c   \ send > rtc
1 i2c_addr_rtc <i2c   \ read 1 Byte

>r >r >r >r >r >r >r  \ removes garbage
r> $7f and	\ SS
r> $7f and	\ MM
r> $3f and	\ HH
r> $3f and	\ DD
r> $07 and	\ WeekDay
r> $1f and	\ MONTH
r> $ff and  	\ YY
;

: u0.r ( u n -- )                  \ uncomment when installed
>r 0 <# r> 0 ?do # loop #> type ;

\ > printdate.rtc
\ 2010/09/08-03-23:25:49 ok
\ 2010/09/08 23:18:18 ok
: printdate.rtc  ( SS MM HH DD WD MM YY -- )
get.rtc
." 20"
bcd>dec 2 u0.r 	\ year
47 emit			\  /
bcd>dec 2 u0.r	\ month
47 emit			\  /  
swap				\    WeekD <-> date
bcd>dec 2 u0.r	\ date
45 emit			\ -
2 u0.r	\ weekday
45 emit			\ -
\ drop ."  "		\ < comment this and uncomment out wd
bcd>dec 2 u0.r	\ hh
58 emit			\ :  
bcd>dec 2 u0.r	\ mm
58 emit			\ :
bcd>dec 2 u0.r	\ ss
;


\ convert human readable decimal numbers to expected
\ BCD numbers
: format2bcd.rtc 
( dec: YY MM WD DD HH MM SS -- bcd: YY MM WD DD HH MM SS )
\ YY MM WD DD HH MM SS 

dec>bcd >r \ sec.bcd
dec>bcd >r \ min.bcd
dec>bcd >r \ hour.bcd
dec>bcd >r \ day.bcd
>r \ weekday.bin
dec>bcd >r \ month.bcd
dec>bcd >r \ year.bcd

r> r> r> r> r> r> r>
;

\ convert human unreadable packed BCD numbers to readable
\ decimal numbers
: format2dec.rtc 
( bcd: YY MM WD DD HH MM SS -- dec: YY MM WD DD HH MM SS )
\ YY MM WD DD HH MM SS 

bcd>dec >r \ sec.bcd
bcd>dec >r \ min.bcd
bcd>dec >r \ hour.bcd
bcd>dec >r \ day.bcd
>r \ weekday.bin
bcd>dec >r \ month.bcd
bcd>dec >r \ year.bcd

r> r> r> r> r> r> r>
;

: set.rtc ( YY MM WD DD HH MM SS --  )
format2bcd.rtc
0 $20 0                \ stop rtc, bit5 = 1, CNTRL0
10 i2c_addr_rtc >i2c   \ send all args
0 0 
2 i2c_addr_rtc >i2c    \ start rtc
;

Re: [Amforth-devel] A collection of new ".s" - for fun

[Stefan S. <ssc...@ss...>]

Hi pito,

Thanks for the stack printing words.

I suggest to have the tos at the right or bottom end, for
two reasons:

- In case there are many values on the stack, having the tos
  at the end avoids scrolling the "top" value off the
  visible screen.

- Having the tos at the right is consistent with the order
  in stack comments.

On the other hand, I must admit, it's somewhat non-intuitive
to have the _top_ of the stack displayed at the _bottom_ of
the screen. ;-)

Stefan

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues FIXED

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

.. and my not so elegant code, it works as well and is commented a
little bit. Good for beginners who are not reading forth's sources..
Thanks a lot Marcin, your code is of course optimised to the
bones..Pito
\  Assembler demo
\  ATmega 1284p, amforth 4.0 
\ v68.0, Pito 9/2010
marker -asstest
: loadtos, R24 Y+ ld, R25 Y+ ld, ; \ define macro
: savetos, -Y R25 st, -Y R24 st, ; \ tosl=R24, tosh=R25

code ++_ \ ( x1 x2 x3 -- x4 ) 

\ R8 R6 - tmp reg.
\ x3 already in tos
R8 R24 mov, 
R6 R25 mov,  \ tmp = x3
\ drop x3 
loadtos,   

\ x2 in tos 
R8 R24 add, 
R6 R25 adc,  \ add tmp = x3 + x2
\ drop x2
loadtos, 

\ x1 in tos    
R8 R24 add, 
R6 R25 adc,  \ add tmp = x3 + x2 + x1
\ drop x1
loadtos, 

\ put x4 on tos, x4 = tmp
R24 R8 mov, 
R25 R6 mov,
savetos,

end-code

----------------------------
Ex:

> 1111 2222 3333 ++_ . .sls
6666 [TOS> ] ok
> 30000 -28000 -4000 ++_ . .sls
-2000 [TOS> ] ok
> -30000 15000 15000 ++_ . .sls
0 [TOS> ] ok
> 

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bugi

[Marcin C. <sa...@sa...>]

On Wed, 8 Sep 2010, pito wrote:

> A version with unused registers, crashes (anforth 4.0,
> assembler.frt).
>
> \ Manual v 4.0 : The registers from R10 to R13 are currently unused,
>
> \ but may be used for the VM extended registers X and Y sometimes.
>
> code ++_ \ ( x1 x2 x3 -- x4 )

Looking at my assembly listing:

             .def temp0 = r16
             .def temp1 = r17
             .def tosl = r24
             .def tosh = r25

           PFA_PLUS:
C:0039ab 9109          ld temp0, Y+
C:0039ac 9119          ld temp1, Y+
C:0039ad 0f80          add tosl, temp0
C:0039ae 1f91          adc tosh, temp1
C:0039af ce5e          rjmp DO_NEXT

So, that means that simple
 		  	ld temp0, Y+
 		  	ld temp1, Y+
 			add tosl, temp0
 			adc tosh, temp1
 			ld temp0, Y+
 		  	ld temp1, Y+
 			add tosl, temp0
 			adc tosh, temp1
 			rjmp DO_NEXT

should do the trick. Doing in Forth:

R16 constant temp0
R17 constant temp1
R24 constant tosl
R25 constant tosh

code ++_
 	temp0 Y+ ld,
 	temp1 Y+ ld,
 	tosl temp0 add,
 	tosh temp1 adc,
 	temp0 Y+ ld,
 	temp1 Y+ ld,
 	tosl temp0 add,
 	tosh temp1 adc,
end-code

hex
1000 100 10 ++_  .
1110  ok

1111 222 33 ++_ .
1366  ok

It's really beneficial to study existing assembler
code! It also is immediately clear that ++_ is 
the equivalent of + + - what I did is just + operation
inlined twice.

--Marcin

[Amforth-devel] Some nitpicking

[Marcin C. <sa...@sa...>]

Small tidbits from 4.1:

avra complains with 2r>:

      [exec] ../../core/words/2r_from.asm(6) : Warning : A .DB segment with an odd number of bytes is detected. A zero byte is added.

Fix:

Index: 2r_from.asm
===================================================================
--- 2r_from.asm	(wersja 939)
+++ 2r_from.asm	(kopia robocza)
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  ; move DTOR to TOS
  VE_2R_FROM:
      .dw $ff03
-    .db "2r>"
+    .db "2r>",0
      .dw VE_HEAD
      .set VE_HEAD = VE_2R_FROM
  XT_2R_FROM:

I think that

.include "words/2literal.asm"
.include "words/2to_r.asm"
.include "words/2r_from.asm"

could go into some separate dict file for easy inclusion 
("dict_2x.inc" ?). They use rjmp, so I include them in
my high memory (dict_appl_core.inc)

in "core/words" we have "d-invert.asm" (coded in assembler)
and "dinvert.asm" (in Forth). I think we don't need the Forth
one.

I tried to add "tibsize.asm", but it complains that we
have no EE_TIBSIZE. It seems that there is no such thing.

--Marcin

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

A version with unused registers, crashes (anforth 4.0,
assembler.frt).

\ Manual v 4.0 : The registers from R10 to R13 are currently unused,

\ but may be used for the VM extended registers X and Y sometimes.

code ++_ \ ( x1 x2 x3 -- x4 ) 
R10 push, \ save everything
R11 push,
R12 push, \ shall this be pushed and popped ?
R13 push, 

R10 0 ldi, \ x4 - accumulates result, zero it
R11 0 ldi,

R12 Y+ ld, \ loadtos
R13 Y+ ld, \ load data x3 from stack
R10 R12 add, \ add x4 = x3 + 0
R11 R13 adc,

R12 Y+ ld,
R13 Y+ ld, \ load data x2 from stack
R10 R12 add, \ add x4 = x2 + x3 + 0
R11 R13 adc,

R12 Y+ ld,
R13 Y+ ld, \ load data x1 from stack
R10 R12 add, \ add x4 = x1 + x2 + x3 + 0
R11 R13 adc,


R12 R10 mov, \ mov x4 to, R12 R10 movw,
R13 R11 mov,

-Y R13 st, \ savetos, save x4 to tos
-Y R12 st,

R13 pop, \ load back everything
R12 pop,
R11 pop,
R10 pop,
end-code

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Marcin, yes to study the manual is important! However, we do not do
it quite often..
I've seen the manual and therefore I am using register allowed.
loadtos and savetos works with 24 and 25(? as used in loadtos,
savetos), and I used 10-13 and 14-21 for ++_ routine. However
results differs. So my understanding is you shall be careful to use
those registers so freely as described in manual. Maybe someone
experienced helps with the bug in the ++_ routine, which crashes:

code ++_      \ ( x1 x2 x3 -- x4 ) 
R10 push,   \ save everything
R11 push,
R24 push,   \ shall this be pushed and popped ?
R25 push,  

R10 0 ldi,   \ x4 - accumulates result, zero it
R11 0 ldi,

R24 Y+ ld,   \ loadtos
R25 Y+ ld,   \ load data x3 from stack
R10 R24 add, \ add x4 = x3 + 0
R11 R25 adc,

R24 Y+ ld,
R25 Y+ ld,   \ load data x2 from stack
R10 R24 add, \ add x4 = x2 + x3 + 0
R11 R25 adc,

R24 Y+ ld,
R25 Y+ ld,    \ load data x1 from stack
R10 R24 add,  \ add x4 = x1 + x2 + x3 + 0
R11 R25 adc,


R24 R10 mov,       \ mov x4 to R25,24  R24 R10 movw,
R25 R11 mov,

\ R24 255 ldi,      \ for testing purposes
\ R25 128 ldi,

-Y R25 st,          \ savetos, save x4 to tos
-Y R24 st,

R25 pop,            \ load back everything
R24 pop,
R11 pop,
R10 pop,
end-code

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug

[Marcin C. <sa...@sa...>]

On Wed, 8 Sep 2010, pito wrote:

> Marcin, I am ansewering to you in this thread: No, R16 and R17 are
> ok for my cpu, but not correct from OS prospecive. I've spent a
> sleepless night with playing with registers against definitions in
> macros.asm (it seems Registers 10,11,12,13, are not used by OS but
> in reality code crashes) and the preliminary result is:

pito, please please - study the Amforth 4.0 Technical Guide -
part 4.2 describes the register usage.

Second, please do study the assembler listing (the large
file I told you once to generate) - it contains whole source
of the amforth compiled *including* generated machine code -
this is the best for debugging assembly.

--Marcin

Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug

[pito <pi...@vo...>]

Marcin, I am ansewering to you in this thread: No, R16 and R17 are
ok for my cpu, but not correct from OS prospecive. I've spent a
sleepless night with playing with registers against definitions in
macros.asm (it seems Registers 10,11,12,13, are not used by OS but
in reality code crashes) and the preliminary result is:

\ ----- Test AvrAsm -----

\ : loadtos, 16 Y+ ld, 17 Y+ ld, ; \ define macro
\ : savetos, -Y 17 st, -Y 16 st, ; \ tosl=r22, tosh=r23

: loadtos, 24 Y+ ld, 25 Y+ ld, ; \ define macro
: savetos, -Y 25 st, -Y 24 st, ; \ tosl=r22, tosh=r23

code dup_ savetos, end-code \ insert asm code
code drop_ loadtos, end-code


code ++_      \ ( x1 x2 x3 -- x4 ) 
R18 push,
R19 push,
\ R24 push,
\ R25 push,  

R18 0 ldi,
R19 0 ldi,

R24 Y+ ld,
R25 Y+ ld,
R18 R24 add,
R19 R25 adc,

R24 Y+ ld,
R25 Y+ ld,
R18 R24 add,
R19 R25 adc,

R24 Y+ ld,
R25 Y+ ld,
R18 R24 add,
R19 R25 adc,


R24 R18 mov,
R25 R19 mov,

\ R24 255 ldi,
\ R25 128 ldi,

-Y R25 st,
-Y R24 st,

\ R25 pop,
\ R24 pop,
R19 pop,
R18 pop,
end-code

> 100 200 300 ++_
ok
> .s
0 16381 28171 
ok
> 100 200 300 ++_
ok
> .s
0 16379 28471 
1 16381 28471 
ok
> 

> 100 dup_
ok
> .s
0 16379 100 
1 16381 100 
ok
> 300 dup_
ok
> .s
0 16375 300 
1 16377 300 
2 16379 100 
3 16381 100 
ok
> drop_
ok
> .s
0 16377 300 
1 16379 100 
2 16381 100 
ok
> drop_ drop_ drop_
ok
> .s
ok
> 
The loadtos and savetos works somehow, but I am not able to run ++_
My current understanding is something still overwrites registers
used. Based on used set of registers the results vary. It would be
nice to have a list (or a brief Guide) which Registers one may use
in such assembler run within forth. Pito



----- PŮVODNÍ ZPRÁVA -----
Od: "pito" <pi...@vo...>
Komu: sa...@sa..., amf...@li...
Předmět: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug
Datum: 8.9.2010 - 1:52:22

> Hi, I started with LP asm (amforth 4.0):
> \ ----- Test AvrAsm -----
> : loadtos, 16 Y+ ld, 17 Y+ ld, ; \ define macro
> : savetos, -Y 17 st, -Y 16 st, ; \ tosl=r22,
> tosh=r23
> 
> code dup_  savetos, end-code   \ insert asm code
> code drop_ loadtos, end-code
> 
> and I get:
> > 10 dup_
> ok
> > .s
> 0 16379 10 
> 1 16381 9546 
> ok
> > 20 dup_
> ok
> > .s
> 0 16375 20 
> 1 16377 9546 
> 2 16379 10 
> 3 16381 9546 
> ok
> > drop_ drop_
> ok
> > .s
> 0 16379 20 
> 1 16381 9546 
> ok
> > 
> 
> the ++_ demo crashes... Any help, new update, or I
> did something
> wrong (I loaded assembler.frt of course). P.
> 
> 
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Re: [Amforth-devel] Assembler - initial issues or bug (solved?)

[Marcin C. <sa...@sa...>]

On Wed, 8 Sep 2010, pito wrote:

> Hi, I started with LP asm (amforth 4.0):
> \ ----- Test AvrAsm -----
> : loadtos, 16 Y+ ld, 17 Y+ ld, ; \ define macro
> : savetos, -Y 17 st, -Y 16 st, ; \ tosl=r22, tosh=r23
>
> code dup_  savetos, end-code   \ insert asm code
> code drop_ loadtos, end-code

On my ATmegas (328P) this works fine:

decimal
: loadtos, 24  Y+ ld, 25 Y+ ld, ;
: savetos, -Y 25 st, -Y 24 st, ;

TOS is in r24/r25 (check your loadtos/storetos
macro in your assembler listing).

--Marcin