For arbitrary-precision real numbers (double.h & cpp),
and this affects the integers (integer.h & cpp) too, they
have a limit of around 10^9 digits. This is because the
multiplication is currently implemented using an FFT.
For larger numbers of digits, a Toombe-Coombs
algorithm is required, see Knuth Vol 2. Unfortunately his
implementation is tricky to understand.
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Pardon me - I mean Toom-Cook algorithm.