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Ant Colony Optimization algorithm for the shortest path problem.
The shortest path problem is solved by many methods. Heuristics offer lower complexity in expense of accuracy. There are many use cases where the lower accuracy is acceptable in return of lower consumption of computing resources. The basic idea of the Ant System is that virtual ants are exploited for finding paths with a specific property, e.g., short distance between physical nodes, in the same way nature guides physical ants.