...Its modular pipeline lets administrators and vendors plug in drivers or filter chains while retaining a consistent user-facing interface across platforms. Client tools and libraries provide command-line and programmatic access for queue management, job submission, and printer discovery. Over time CUPS has aligned closely with driverless printing via IPP-Everywhere/AirPrint-style capability exchange, reducing the need for vendor-specific drivers on many devices. The project’s reference implementation is battle-tested across desktops, servers, and embedded systems that expose print services to a network.