LinuxID
LinuxID is an easy console-service for distro identification and more!
...So it could print "Linux Mint 16 Petra", and then all its details and its base OS: "Ubuntu 13.10, Saucy Salamander", and various other info. It is open-source and written in C++. Source code is commented and can be found in the "Files" tab. To run the program, download "LinuxID" file and run it accordingly: navigate to where you downloaded the file and type this:
./LinuxID
If you have renamed the file, call on it like this:
./filename