Bowtie 2
A fast and sensitive gapped read aligner
...The tool builds compact FM-index-based reference indexes, keeping memory usage low even for large genomes like the human genome. Bowtie 2 outputs alignments in SAM format and includes companion utilities for building and inspecting indexes. It is widely used in bioinformatics pipelines for RNA-seq, DNA-seq, metagenomics, variant analysis, and other sequencing-based research tasks. Overall, Bowtie 2 remains a foundational command-line tool for high-throughput sequence alignment and reproducible computational biology workflows.