It's a "Hello World" implementation of SOM (Self-Organizing Map) of Teuvo Kohonen, otherwise called as the Kohonen map or Kohonen artificial neural networks.
The Self-Organizing Map Maker for Education and Research. Features include 3D-visualization of the training process, various 2D and 3D map topologies, easy extensibility to additional topologies.
The Databionics ESOM Tools offer many data mining tasks using Emergent Self-OrganizingMaps. Visualization, clustering, and classification of high-dimensional data using databionics principles can be performed interactively or automatically.