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/usr/bin/passwd offers a "safe way" for root to edit /etc/passwd (or shadow). If setuid it allows regular users to change passwd without asking root to do changes for them.
(note: does have learning curve on args to choose)
gnupasswd - gnu change user password
gnugpasswd - gnu change group password
gnupasswd(1) has a goal to work with older login.c/linux and some newer too, also "getpwent" (any glibc).
Local User Management Made Simple (lumms) is a local user manager for Linux, AIX and Solaris. It allows you to change local user accounts, groups including passwords from one place. This will update on all hosts the local passwd and shadow files.
OrgLDAP is an extensible LDAP user management application supporting groups, *NIX (POSIX, Shadow), Samba and other account types, SSH public keys and sudo roles. It includes a reusable extensible library and a web-based front-end.
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It provides a PAM and NSS module for PostgreSQL to completely replace the user/group/shadow flatfile. Maintenance tools are developed by the bofhms project, code has been moved to http://www.pgfoundry.org/projects/sysauth/
Yap2lc (Yet Another Passwd 2 LDIF Converter) is an LDAP migration tool, which extracts information from passwd, shadow/passwd, and master.passwd formatted files, filters out unwanted/misshapen accounts and writes an LDIF file for easy importing.