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Surya is an open‑source, AI‑based foundation model for heliophysics developed collaboratively by NASA (via the IMPACT AI team) and IBM. Named after the Sanskrit word for “sun,” Surya is trained on nine years of high‑resolution solar imagery from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). It is designed to forecast solar phenomena—such as flares, solar wind, irradiance, and active region behavior—by predicting future solar images with a sophisticated long–short vision transformer architecture, thereby enabling improved space weather forecasting. ...