Re: "Does OpenCyc include axioms ('complex rules') beyond taxonomic
assertions mentioned above?"
No. OpenCyc does not contain the "complex rules". That is what makes up much
of the content of Full Cyc. Those implication rules and other non-taxonomic
ground atomic formulae (GAFs) are in Cyc but not in OpenCyc.
Regards,
John D.
On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 12:25 PM, Cameron Ross <cross@...> wrote:
> Thanks for the link to Wikipedia Paul.
>
> The section describing OpenCyc either does not describe what is contained
> in OpenCyc 2.0, or there is a typo with the reference to OpenCyc 1.0 in the
> second sentence:
>
> "The latest version of OpenCyc, 2.0, was released in July 2009. OpenCyc
> 1.0 includes the entire Cyc ontology containing hundreds of thousands of
> terms, along with millions of assertions relating the terms to each other,
> however these are mainly taxonomic assertions, not the complex rules
> available in Cyc. The knowledge base contains 47,000 concepts and 306,000
> facts and can be browsed on the OpenCyc website."
>
> As to whether or not OpenCyc comprise the entire Cyc ontology... I guess it
> depends on where you draw the boundaries between the ontology and the
> knowledge-base. Therefore, I'll re-state my question as follows. Does
> OpenCyc include axioms ('complex rules') beyond taxonomic assertions
> mentioned above?
>
> Thanks,
> Cameron.
>
>
> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 12:22 PM, Paul Fodor <fodor.paul@...> wrote:
>
>> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 12:09 PM, Cameron Ross <cross@...>
>> wrote:
>> > Hi Paul,
>> > Yes. OpenCyc is a subset of Cyc. My question is whether or not the OWL
>> > ontology is a subset of OpenCyc, not Cyc.
>>
>> Ok. OWL ontology is a subset of OpenCyc.
>> "OpenCyc includes the entire Cyc ontology" (Wikipedia)
>> OpenCyc does include most their database of knowledge, but it includes
>> the ontology.
>> I had access to OpenCyc, ResearchCyc and their latest internal version
>> of Cyc (in Java) and all have the same ontology.
>> Regards,
>> Paul.
>>
>> > Cameron.
>> >
>> > On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 12:05 PM, Paul Fodor <fodor.paul@...>
>> wrote:
>> >>
>> >> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 11:17 AM, Cameron Ross <cross@...>
>> wrote:
>> >> > Hi Paul,
>> >> > My question is whether or not the OWL ontology is a subset of
>> OpenCyc.
>> >> > That
>> >> > is, does OpenCyc contain axioms that are not represented in the OWL
>> file
>> >> > because of the limited nature of OWL, or is the OWL ontology
>> >> > more-or-less
>> >> > representative of what is in OpenCyc?
>> >>
>> >> Cyc has many axioms and special reasoners. Cyc is definitely a
>> >> superset of OWL as a knowledge representation language. Up to what I
>> >> know it contains everything that OWL has (maybe even OWL 2 constraints
>> >> can be implemented, but I don't know if Cycorp did it yet).
>> >>
>> >> Last year we tested at Stony Brook University a big set of rule
>> >> languages and one of the systems that we tested was Cyc. We learned
>> >> that Cyc has many things: KR features (e.g., classes, properties,
>> >> instances, micro theories (modules)), logic implication, backward
>> >> chaining and forward chaining reasoners, special reasoners, etc.
>> >>
>> >> I know that you are interested in the KR part, but if you want to take
>> >> a look at our report or our test suite, please check here:
>> >> http://rulebench.projects.semwebcentral.org
>> >> It tested the same rule features (logic operands and implication)
>> >> efficiency in many languages: logic programming (XSB, YAP, SWI
>> >> Prologs, dlv), production rules (Jena, Jess, Drools, Prova), deductive
>> >> databases (OntoBroker), and RDF triple engines.
>> >>
>> >> So, yes. Cyc has #$implies. For example:
>> >> (#$implies (#$and (#$and (#$isa-predicate ?X #$node-cn #$node-provi)
>> >> (#$att-predicate ?X #$node-cn #$node-number ?A) ) (#$att-predicate ?X
>> >> #$node-cn #$node-number2 ?D) ) (#$queryrule-predicate ?X ?A ?D)
>> >> However, in other places we used special reasoners. For instance, to
>> >> compute the transitive closure of some relation, we just used a parent
>> >> relation TransitiveRelation which is a higher order property that
>> >> takes as an input any relation and computes its transitive closure.
>> >>
>> >> Regards,
>> >> Paul.
>> >>
>> >> > Cameron.
>> >> >
>> >> > On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 11:10 AM, Paul Fodor <fodor.paul@...>
>> >> > wrote:
>> >> >>
>> >> >> On Wed, Mar 24, 2010 at 9:11 AM, Cameron Ross <cross@...>
>> >> >> wrote:
>> >> >> > The OWL file provided for the OpenCyc ontology doesn't contain
>> axioms
>> >> >> > for
>> >> >> > implications, biconditionals etc. Is this because OWL doesn't
>> >> >> > support
>> >> >> > such
>> >> >> > constructs, or is it because the OpenCyc subset of Cyc does not
>> >> >> > contain
>> >> >> > them
>> >> >> > (or both perhaps)?
>> >> >> > Cameron.
>> >> >>
>> >> >> OWL doesn't have implication. OWL is based on description logics, so
>> >> >> it has knowledge representation constructs, such as: an object is an
>> >> >> instance of a class, classes are subclasses of other classes,
>> >> >> properties of classes.
>> >> >> Regarding biconditionals, the only thing that OWL has is equality
>> and
>> >> >> inequality (of classes, properties and individuals). See:
>> >> >> http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-owl-features-20040210/#s3.2
>> >> >> Regards,
>> >> >> Paul.
>> >> >>
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> >
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> >> >> > Download Intel® Parallel Studio Eval
>> >> >> > Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find
>> bugs
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>> >> >> > See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> >> >> > http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> >> >> > _______________________________________________
>> >> >> > OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> >> >> > OpenCyc-devel@...
>> >> >> > https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>> >> >> >
>> >> >> >
>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> >> >>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> >> >> Download Intel® Parallel Studio Eval
>> >> >> Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> >> >> proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> >> >> See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> >> >> http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> >> >> _______________________________________________
>> >> >> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> >> >> OpenCyc-devel@...
>> >> >> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >> > --
>> >> > Kojeware Corporation
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> >> > Download Intel® Parallel Studio Eval
>> >> > Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> >> > proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> >> > See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> >> > http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> >> > _______________________________________________
>> >> > OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> >> > OpenCyc-devel@...
>> >> > https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >>
>> >>
>> >>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> >> Download Intel® Parallel Studio Eval
>> >> Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> >> proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> >> See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> >> http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> >> _______________________________________________
>> >> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> >> OpenCyc-devel@...
>> >> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> > --
>> > Kojeware Corporation
>> >
>> >
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> > Download Intel® Parallel Studio Eval
>> > Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> > proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> > See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> > http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> > OpenCyc-devel@...
>> > https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>> >
>> >
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> Download Intel® Parallel Studio Eval
>> Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
>> proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
>> See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
>> http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
>> _______________________________________________
>> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
>> OpenCyc-devel@...
>> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>>
>
>
>
> --
> Kojeware Corporation
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Download Intel® Parallel Studio Eval
> Try the new software tools for yourself. Speed compiling, find bugs
> proactively, and fine-tune applications for parallel performance.
> See why Intel Parallel Studio got high marks during beta.
> http://p.sf.net/sfu/intel-sw-dev
> _______________________________________________
> OpenCyc-devel mailing list
> OpenCyc-devel@...
> https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/opencyc-devel
>
>
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